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<H1><A name="XCHANGE" id="XCHANGE"></A>XCHANGE</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XCHANGE (a1 TO a2, c1 TO c2)<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">BTool<BR></SPAN> | ||
The function <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XCHANGE</SPAN> replaces all occurrences of byte <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">c1</SPAN> by <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">c2<BR></SPAN> from memory locations <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">a1</SPAN> to <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">a2</SPAN> inclusive. The function counts | ||
the exchanged bytes and returns the sum. | ||
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<H3>Example:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
Provided that you have enough free memory, this small | ||
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program replaces line-feed characters <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">CHR$(10)</SPAN> by carriage | ||
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returns <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">CHR$(13)</SPAN> in ram1_test_txt as quickly as possible: | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">100 ch=FILE_OPEN("ram1_test_txt",0) | ||
110 IF ch<0 THEN REPORT ch: STOP | ||
120 length=FLEN(#3) | ||
130 memory=ALCHP(length) | ||
140 IF NOT memory THEN REPORT -3: STOP | ||
150 x=LOAD_FILE(#ch,memory,length) | ||
160 IF XCHANGE(memory,memory+length-1,13,10) THEN | ||
170 GET#ch\0 | ||
180 SAVE_FILE#ch,memory,x | ||
190 TRUNCATE#ch | ||
200 END IF | ||
210 CLOSE#ch: RECHP memory<BR></SPAN> | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsS.html#SEARCH">SEARCH</A>, <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsC.html#COPY_B">COPY_B</A>, <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsC.html#COPY_W">COPY_W</A>, <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsC.html#COPY_L">COPY_L</A> | ||
<HR style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"> | ||
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<H1><A name="XDRAW" id="XDRAW"></A>XDRAW</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XDRAW x1,y1 TO x2,y2<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">HCO<BR></SPAN> | ||
The command <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XDRAW</SPAN> draws lines, just like <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">LDRAW</SPAN>, but it draws | ||
the lines in white ink, using the <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XOR</SPAN> mode; so drawing the same | ||
line will remove it again without changing the background. | ||
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<H3>Example:</H3> | ||
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<P><SPAN style="font-style: italic;">100 REPeat scan | ||
110 w% = RND(1 TO 200) | ||
120 FOR x% = 0 TO 511 + w% | ||
130 IF x% < 512 THEN | ||
140 XDRAW x%,0 TO x%,255 | ||
150 END IF | ||
160 IF x% > w% - 1 THEN | ||
170 XDRAW x%-w%,0 TO x%-w%,255 | ||
180 END IF | ||
190 IF KEYROW(1)&&8 THEN EXIT scan | ||
200 END FOR x% | ||
210 END REPeat scan<BR></SPAN> | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsL.html#LDRAW">LDRAW</A>, <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsL.html#LINE">LINE</A> with <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsO.html#OVER">OVER</A>. | ||
<HR style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"> | ||
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<H1><A name="XLIM" id="XLIM"></A>XLIM</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XLIM<BR></SPAN> | ||
or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XLIM #ch (v2.08+)<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ATARI_REXT (v1.29+)<BR></SPAN> | ||
This function returns the horizontal size of the screen in | ||
pixels. It can therefore be used to ascertain if the Extended | ||
Mode-4 is present, and if so, the size of the screen available | ||
to the program (ie. 512x256, 768x280 or larger!). | ||
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The second variant makes this function the same as <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">SCR_XLIM</SPAN>. | ||
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<H3>Example:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
A program may wish to use the whole of the screen for its | ||
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output, adapting itself accordingly:- | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">100 MAX_WIDTH=XLIM | ||
110 MAX_HEIGHT=YLIM | ||
120 OPEN #1,'CON_'&MAX_WIDTH&'x'&MAX_HEIGHT&'a0x0'<BR></SPAN> | ||
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<H3>NOTE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
The Pointer Interface must be present in order for <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XLIM</SPAN> to | ||
work. | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsY.html#YLIM">YLIM</A> returns the maximum screen height. | ||
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<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsQ.html#QFLIM">QFLIM</A> and <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsS.html#SCR_XLIM">SCR_XLIM</A> are very similar. | ||
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Use <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsQ.html#QRAM$">QRAM$</A> or <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsW.html#WMAN$">WMAN$</A> to see if the Pointer Environment is | ||
available. | ||
<HR style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"> | ||
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<H1><A name="XOR" id="XOR"></A>XOR</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">condition1 XOR condition2<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">QL ROM<BR></SPAN> | ||
This combination operator combines two condition tests | ||
together and will have the value 0 if both <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">condition1</SPAN> and <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">condition2<BR></SPAN> are true or both are false or 1 if either <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">condition1</SPAN> or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">condition2<BR></SPAN> are true (but not both). | ||
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Please note the difference between this and the bitwise <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">XOR<BR></SPAN> operator: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">x^^y</SPAN>, which compares <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">x</SPAN> and <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">y</SPAN> bit by bit. | ||
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<H3>Examples:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PRINT 1 XOR 0</SPAN> Returns 1. | ||
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<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PRINT 2 XOR 10</SPAN> Returns 0. | ||
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Compare <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PRINT 2^^10</SPAN> which returns 8. | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">10 FOR x=1 TO 5 | ||
20 FOR y=1 TO 5 | ||
30 IF x=3 XOR y>1 AND y<3:PRINT x;'=>';y, | ||
40 END FOR y | ||
50 END FOR x<BR></SPAN> | ||
produces the following output: | ||
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1=>2 2=>2 3=>1 3=>3 3=>4 3=>5 4=>2 | ||
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5=>2 | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsA.html#AND">AND</A>, <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsO.html#OR">OR</A> and <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsN.html#NOT">NOT</A> are the other combination operators. | ||
<HR style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"> | ||
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<H1><A name="X_PTR%" id="X_PTR%"></A>X_PTR%</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">X_PTR%<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">KMOUSE, MOUSE (DIY Toolkit - Vol I), Amiga QDOS | ||
v3.20+<BR></SPAN> | ||
This function will return the x co-ordinate of the pointer | ||
which is controlled by the mouse. The value is given in | ||
absolute pixel co-ordinates, with the point 0,0 being the top | ||
left hand corner of the screen. | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
See <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsP.html#PTR_LIMITS">PTR_LIMITS</A> and <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsP.html#PTR_ON">PTR_ON</A>. | ||
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<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsY.html#Y_PTR%">Y_PTR%</A> reads the y co-ordinate. | ||
</BODY> | ||
</HTML> |
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<H1><A name="YLIM" id="YLIM"></A>YLIM</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">YLIM | ||
<BR></SPAN> or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">YLIM #ch (v2.08+)<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ATARI_REXT (v1.29+)<BR></SPAN> | ||
This function returns the vertical size of the screen in | ||
pixels. | ||
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The second variant makes this function the same as | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">SCR_YLIM</SPAN>. | ||
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<H3>NOTE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
The Pointer Interface must be present for this function to | ||
work. | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
See <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsX.html#XLIM">XLIM</A> for details. | ||
<HR style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"> | ||
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<H1><A name="Y_PTR%" id="Y_PTR%"></A>Y_PTR%</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">Y_PTR%<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">KMOUSE, MOUSE (DIY Toolkit - Vol I), Amiga QDOS | ||
v3.20+<BR></SPAN> | ||
This function will return the y co-ordinate of the pointer | ||
which is controlled by the mouse. The value is given in | ||
absolute pixel co-ordinates, with the point 0,0 being the top | ||
left hand corner of the screen. | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
See <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsP.html#PTR_POS">PTR_POS</A> and <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsP.html#PTR_MAX">PTR_MAX</A>. | ||
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<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsX.html#X_PTR%">X_PTR%</A> reads the x co-ordinate. | ||
</BODY> | ||
</HTML> |
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<H1><A name="ZAP" id="ZAP"></A>ZAP</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ZAP keyword$<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">TinyToolkit<BR></SPAN> | ||
This command removes a given keyword from the name table so | ||
that SuperBASIC is no longer aware of its existence. The code | ||
remains in memory so no memory is freed. A <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ZAP</SPAN>ped keyword | ||
cannot be recovered without re-loading the code or resetting | ||
the system. | ||
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<H3>Example:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
You try to run a SuperBASIC program but it stops at the | ||
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following line: | ||
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<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">1120 er=2: es=.9: ET=1.4: eu=0<BR></SPAN> | ||
with error -17. The author used et as a variable because | ||
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the <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ET</SPAN> command was not present when (s)he wrote that | ||
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program. The more resident keywords that are present, the | ||
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more it is likely that such collisions may occur. <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ZAP "ET"<BR></SPAN> | ||
and re-loading the program will cure the problem. | ||
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<H3>NOTE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
It is okay to <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ZAP</SPAN> incompatible and bug-ridden keywords, but | ||
removing essential keywords like <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ED</SPAN>, <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">EDIT</SPAN>, <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">AUTO</SPAN>, <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">LIST</SPAN> to stop the | ||
user from editing a program will decrease the QL's | ||
multitasking abilities. Yes, multitasking depends on this | ||
general rule: the more a program influences the whole system | ||
and may affect other programs, the less the computer can | ||
multitask. | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
Keywords can be renamed with <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsN.html#NEW_NAME">NEW_NAME</A>. | ||
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<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsK.html#KEY_RMV">KEY_RMV</A> works in the same way as <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsZ.html#ZAP">ZAP</A>. | ||
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See also <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsT.html#TINY_RMV">TINY_RMV</A>. | ||
</BODY> | ||
</HTML> |
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<H1><A name="_DEF%" id="_DEF%"></A>_DEF%</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">_DEF%</SPAN> [ <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">(#channel)</SPAN> ] Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">DEFS (DIY Toolkit - Vol A)<BR></SPAN> | ||
This function creates a table of all of the SuperBASIC | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN>s and <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN>s used within the program currently in | ||
memory. The table appears in the specified CONsole <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">channel</SPAN>, if | ||
any (default #2). You can use the cursor keys to highlight | ||
the required <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN> or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN> name and then press <ENTER>, in | ||
which case the function will return the line number of the | ||
program line which contains the relevant <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">DEFine PROCedure</SPAN> or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">DEFine | ||
FuNction</SPAN>. | ||
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If you press the <ESC> key an 'Incomplete' error is caused. | ||
If no <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN>s or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN>s are defined, then a 'Not Found' error | ||
is reported. | ||
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<H3>Example:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">ED _DEF%<BR></SPAN> | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<A style="font-style: italic;" href="Keywords_.html#_DEF$">_DEF$</A> and <A style="font-style: italic;" href="Keywords_.html#_NAME$">_NAME$</A> are similar. | ||
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<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsC.html#CODEVEC">CODEVEC</A> returns the machine code base address of a Machine | ||
Code Procedure or Funtion. | ||
<HR style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"> | ||
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<H1><A name="_DEF$" id="_DEF$"></A>_DEF$</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">_DEF$</SPAN> [ <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">(#channel)</SPAN> ] Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">DEFS (DIY Toolkit - Vol A)<BR></SPAN> | ||
This function is similar to <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">_DEF%</SPAN> in that it creates a table | ||
of all of the SuperBASIC <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN>s and <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN>s used within the | ||
program currently in memory. The table appears in the | ||
specified CONsole <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">channel</SPAN> (if any - default #2). You can use the | ||
cursor keys to highlight the required <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN> or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN> name and | ||
then press <ENTER>, in which case the function will return the | ||
selected name of the <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN> or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN>. | ||
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If you press the <ESC> key an 'Incomplete' error is caused. | ||
If no <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN>s or <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN>s are defined, then a 'Not Found' error | ||
is reported. | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
See <A style="font-style: italic;" href="Keywords_.html#_DEF%">_DEF%</A> | ||
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<H3></H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
<HR style="width: 100%; height: 2px;"> | ||
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<H1><A name="_NAME$" id="_NAME$"></A>_NAME$</H1> | ||
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<P> | ||
Syntax: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">_NAME$(offset)<BR></SPAN> Location: <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">DEFS (DIY Toolkit - Vol A)<BR></SPAN> | ||
This function can be used to examine the SuperBASIC name | ||
list, which contains the names of all machine code Procedures, | ||
Functions, variables, SuperBASIC <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">PROCedure</SPAN>s and SuperBASIC <SPAN style="font-style: italic;">FuNction</SPAN>s | ||
which are available to SuperBASIC. | ||
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<H3>Example:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
A program to print out the full name list (this only works | ||
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on Minerva and SMSQ/E): | ||
<SPAN style="font-style: italic;">100 nlist_start=PEEK_L (\\ HEX('20')) | ||
110 nlist_end=PEEK_L (\\ HEX('24')) | ||
120 nlist_len=nlist_end-nlist_start | ||
125 names=0 | ||
130 FOR i=0 TO nlist_len | ||
140 x$=_NAME$(i) | ||
150 names=names+1+LEN(x$) | ||
155 IF names>nlist_len:EXIT i | ||
160 PRINT i,x$ | ||
165 PAUSE | ||
170 END FOR i<BR></SPAN> | ||
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<H3>CROSS-REFERENCE:</H3> | ||
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<P> | ||
The name list can be tidied up with <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsC.html#CLEAR">CLEAR</A>. | ||
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<A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsE.html#EXTRAS">EXTRAS</A> will list all the machine code Procedures and | ||
Functions. | ||
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See also <A style="font-style: italic;" href="KeywordsL.html#LOOKUP%">LOOKUP%</A>. | ||
</BODY> | ||
</HTML> |
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line 22 column 13 - Warning: discarding unexpected </hr> | ||
line 50 column 13 - Warning: discarding unexpected </hr> | ||
line 96 column 265 - Warning: <a> discarding newline in URI reference | ||
line 115 column 25 - Warning: unescaped & which should be written as & | ||
line 115 column 26 - Warning: unescaped & or unknown entity "&8" | ||
line 134 column 23 - Warning: unescaped & or unknown entity "&MAX_WIDTH" | ||
line 134 column 33 - Warning: unescaped & which should be written as & | ||
line 134 column 37 - Warning: unescaped & or unknown entity "&MAX_HEIGHT" | ||
line 134 column 48 - Warning: unescaped & which should be written as & | ||
line 2 column 1 - Warning: <html> proprietary attribute "xmlns:v" | ||
Info: Doctype given is "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" | ||
Info: Document content looks like HTML 4.01 Strict | ||
Info: No system identifier in emitted doctype | ||
Tidy found 10 warnings and 0 errors! | ||
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About HTML Tidy: https://github.com/htacg/tidy-html5 | ||
Bug reports and comments: https://github.com/htacg/tidy-html5/issues | ||
Official mailing list: https://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/public-htacg/ | ||
Latest HTML specification: http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec-author-view/ | ||
Validate your HTML documents: http://validator.w3.org/nu/ | ||
Lobby your company to join the W3C: http://www.w3.org/Consortium | ||
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Do you speak a language other than English, or a different variant of | ||
English? Consider helping us to localize HTML Tidy. For details please see | ||
https://github.com/htacg/tidy-html5/blob/master/README/LOCALIZE.md |
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