core: migrate stdcm and pathfinding modules to kotlin

[eckter]

To do:

• Automatically convert java to kotlin
• Fix types in places where proper typing was missing (e.g. Int -> BlockId)
• Fix any leftover compiling error
• Fix any failed test
• Double check for java function that haven't been replaced (e.g. List.of)
• Double check typing (Distance / Length / Offset) edit: will be a different PR
• Run code formater
• Remove unnecessary @JVMName
• Fix conflicts with main branch

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: 175 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Comparison is base (b6ead5b) 19.70% compared to head (113da3b) 19.85%.

Files	Patch %	Lines
.../osrd/api/pathfinding/PathfindingBlocksEndpoint.kt	87.08%	15 Missing and 12 partials ⚠️
...fr/sncf/osrd/stdcm/graph/STDCMStandardAllowance.kt	74.60%	8 Missing and 8 partials ⚠️
...rocessing/interfaces/BlockAvailabilityInterface.kt	38.46%	12 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️
...osrd/api/pathfinding/PathfindingResultConverter.kt	92.96%	4 Missing and 10 partials ⚠️
...srd/api/pathfinding/response/PathWaypointResult.kt	59.37%	5 Missing and 8 partials ⚠️
...ain/kotlin/fr/sncf/osrd/api/stdcm/STDCMEndpoint.kt	86.07%	6 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
...otlin/fr/sncf/osrd/stdcm/graph/AllowanceManager.kt	90.36%	3 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
...otlin/fr/sncf/osrd/stdcm/graph/STDCMEdgeBuilder.kt	92.66%	3 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️
.../main/kotlin/fr/sncf/osrd/stdcm/graph/STDCMEdge.kt	85.41%	3 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️
.../api/pathfinding/response/CurveChartPointResult.kt	25.00%	3 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
... and 16 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##                dev    #5785      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     19.70%   19.85%   +0.15%     
+ Complexity     2345     2122     -223     
============================================
  Files           910      910              
  Lines        108075   108294     +219     
  Branches       2634     2649      +15     
============================================
+ Hits          21299    21505     +206     
- Misses        85216    85235      +19     
+ Partials       1560     1554       -6     

Flag	Coverage Δ
core	79.10% <90.92%> (+0.30%)	⬆️

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[Erashin]

Some of these changes can be treated in another pr, let me know.

[Erashin]

Good job!