filters.cpd.rst

filters.cpd

The CPD filter uses the Coherent Point Drift :cite:`Myronenko` algorithm to compute a rigid, nonrigid, or affine transformation between datasets. The rigid and affine are what you'd expect; the nonrigid transformation uses Motion Coherence Theory :cite:`Yuille1998` to "bend" the points to find a best alignment.

Note

CPD is computationally intensive and can be slow when working with many points (i.e. > 10 000). Nonrigid is significatly slower than rigid and affine.

The first input to the change filter are considered the "fixed" points, and all subsequent inputs are "moving" points. The output from the change filter are the "moving" points after the calculated transformation has been applied, one point view per input. Any additional information about the cpd registration, e.g. the rigid transformation matrix, will be placed in the stage's metadata.

Examples

{
    "pipeline": [
        "fixed.las",
        "moving.las",
        {
            "type": "filters.rigid",
            "method": "rigid"
        },
        "output.las"
    ]
}

If "method" is not provided, the cpd filter will default to using the rigid registration method. To get the transform matrix, you'll need to use the --metadata option:

$ pdal pipeline cpd-pipeline.json --metadata cpd-metadata.json

The metadata output might start something like:

{
    "stages":
    {
        "filters.cpd":
        {
            "iterations": 10,
            "method": "rigid",
            "runtime": 0.003839,
            "sigma2": 5.684342128e-16,
            "transform": "           1 -6.21722e-17  1.30104e-18  5.29303e-11-8.99346e-17            1  2.60209e-18 -3.49247e-10 -2.1684e-19  1.73472e-18            1 -1.53477e-12           0            0            0            1"
        },
    },

.. seealso::

    :ref:`filters.transformation` to apply a transform to other points.

Options

method

Change detection method to use. Valid values are "rigid", "affine", and "nonrigid". [Default: rigid]

.. bibliography:: references.bib