feat implement subjects cache

[Patai5]

Implements a subject names cache that stores subjects extracted from grades and schedules.

---

This resolves the need to have the subjects hard-coded as constants. They are now automatically extracted from schedules and grades and are stored into a cache.

Hi @Vojtak42, if you have time and will, would please look at this PR? It's pretty big, so it's pretty hard for a review, but I will comment out the most important changes :) Many thanks!
I can't currently add you as a reviewer since you are not a collaborator in this repo. I have sent you an invite ;)

---

Context:

• Subjects have a full and a short name
  • Full name can be extracted from both grades and schedule
  • Short name can only be extracted from schedule
  • As such a need to cache subjects between the two methods of scraping arises, so we can display the short name where we want

Ideally we would only extract this from the schedule then, but an edge case where there would be a grade for a subject that was not yet seen in the schedule would break it. So we have to scrape it from both places.
If a short name cannot be scraped, the full name is used as a fallback.

[Patai5]

I've added the comments for the important parts so it's easier to review.

The most important file for review is the subjects_cache.py:
https://github.com/Patai5/BakaBot/blob/f1e8e02f95682211dfe484882a9e9dc9c8a06343/src/bakabot/core/subjects/subjects_cache.py

You can pretty much ignore everything else, as this is the only new thing and others are just some small implementations of this :)
Thanks a lot!

[Vojtak42]

I am afraid that's far beyond my coding capabilities. I can mostly undestand what the code does but it is not enough to find mistakes. Honestly i have never looked up python syntax yet.

[Patai5]

That's okay :D I've tested it, and it works well (or at least I hope so :P) so it's only if you find some obvious mistakes.

Don't worry if you can't fully read it, that's only a sign of the fact that it's not coded well, I would be glad if you could point those parts out :)
If it looks good to you (or at least as much as it can), you can approve the changes 👍 I mean, there isn't really anyone else for a review so that's that 😄

[Vojtak42]

I would also add the url (for example: https://gymkh.bakalari.cz) to the .env for easier modification. That's fast change.

[Patai5]

Yeah, I will add that outside of this PR to keep the history clean. Will push it to main now 👍 Thanks for the suggestion!

[Vojtak42]

that's only a sign of the fact that it's not coded well
I'm pretty sure that's not the reason.😄

[Patai5]

Thanks for looking into it 🙏

I've pushed the fix for the hard-coded bakalari URL to main. You can use the bakalariUrl env variable now :)
I will probably rework the lesson times to be dynamic next. And probably some refactoring afterward 🤞