WordPress on Kubernetes with Monitoring

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Prerequisites
• Project Structure
• Deployment Guide
  • Start Minikube
  • PersistentVolumeClaim
  • Secrets Management
  • MySQL Deployment and Service
  • Nginx Deployment and Service
  • WordPress Deployment and Service
• Monitoring Setup
  • Prometheus Deployment
  • Grafana Deployment
  • Service Monitors
  • Dashboards
• Cleanup
• Output
• Best Practices
• Troubleshooting
• Contributing
• License

Introduction

This repository contains the code and configuration files to deploy a production-grade WordPress application on Kubernetes, along with a monitoring setup using Prometheus and Grafana. The deployment includes MySQL for the database, Nginx as a reverse proxy, and persistent storage for data durability. This setup uses Minikube for local Kubernetes cluster management.

Prerequisites

• Minikube (v1.18+)
• Helm (v3+)
• kubectl (v1.18+)
• Docker (for building custom images)

Project Structure

my-wordpress-k8s/
├── Chart.yaml
├── values.yaml
├── Dockerfiles/
│   ├── Dockerfile.wordpress
│   ├── Dockerfile.mysql
│   ├── Dockerfile.nginx
│   ├── nginx.conf
├── templates/
│   ├── mysql-deployment.yaml
│   ├── mysql-service.yaml
│   ├── nginx-deployment.yaml
│   ├── nginx-service.yaml
│   ├── wordpress-deployment.yaml
│   ├── wordpress-service.yaml
│   ├── pvc.yaml
│   ├── secrets.yaml
├── monitoring/
│   ├── dashboards/
│   │   ├── wordpress-dashboard.json
│   │   ├── nginx-dashboard.json
│   ├── grafana/
│   │   ├── values.yaml
│   ├── prometheus/
│   │   ├── values.yaml
│   ├── service-monitor/
│   │   ├── wordpress-service-monitor.yaml
│   │   ├── nginx-service-monitor.yaml
├── docker-compose.yaml
└── README.md

Deployment Guide

Start Minikube

Ensure Minikube is installed and start your Minikube cluster.

minikube start

To interact with the Minikube cluster, ensure you set your Docker environment to use Minikube's Docker daemon.

eval $(minikube docker-env)

PersistentVolumeClaim

Deploy the PVC for WordPress and MySQL to ensure persistent storage.

kubectl apply -f templates/pvc.yaml

Secrets Management

Ensure that sensitive information like database passwords are managed using Kubernetes Secrets.

kubectl apply -f templates/secrets.yaml

MySQL Deployment and Service

Deploy the MySQL instance along with its service.

kubectl apply -f templates/mysql-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f templates/mysql-service.yaml

Nginx Deployment and Service

Deploy Nginx configured with OpenResty and Lua support. Ensure nginx.conf is copied into the Docker image.

kubectl apply -f templates/nginx-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f templates/nginx-service.yaml

WordPress Deployment and Service

Deploy WordPress with its respective service.

kubectl apply -f templates/wordpress-deployment.yaml
kubectl apply -f templates/wordpress-service.yaml

Docker Compose for ChartMuseum

If using ChartMuseum for Helm chart repository, deploy it using Docker Compose.

docker-compose up -d

Monitoring Setup

Prometheus Deployment

Deploy Prometheus using the provided Helm chart.

helm repo add prometheus-community https://prometheus-community.github.io/helm-charts
helm install prometheus prometheus-community/prometheus -f monitoring/prometheus/values.yaml
kubectl apply -f monitoring/prometheus/prometheus.yaml

Grafana Deployment

Deploy Grafana using the provided Helm chart.

helm repo add grafana https://grafana.github.io/helm-charts
helm install grafana grafana/grafana -f monitoring/grafana/values.yaml
kubectl apply -f monitoring/grafana/grafana.yaml

Service Monitors

Deploy the Service Monitors for WordPress and Nginx to allow Prometheus to scrape their metrics.

kubectl apply -f monitoring/service-monitor/wordpress-service-monitor.yaml
kubectl apply -f monitoring/service-monitor/nginx-service-monitor.yaml

Dashboards

Import the provided Grafana dashboards for WordPress and Nginx.

1. Open Grafana in your browser.
2. Go to Dashboards > Import.
3. Upload monitoring/dashboards/wordpress-dashboard.json and monitoring/dashboards/nginx-dashboard.json.

Cleanup

To delete the deployed resources, use the following commands:

helm delete prometheus
helm delete grafana
kubectl delete -f templates/pvc.yaml
kubectl delete -f monitoring/prometheus/prometheus.yaml
kubectl delete -f monitoring/grafana/grafana.yaml
kubectl delete -f monitoring/service-monitor/wordpress-service-monitor.yaml
kubectl delete -f monitoring/service-monitor/nginx-service-monitor.yaml

To stop and delete the Minikube cluster:

minikube stop
minikube delete

Output

Grafana

Chartmuseum

Best Practices

• Use Kubernetes Secrets to manage sensitive data.
• Regularly backup PersistentVolume data.
• Monitor resource usage and set resource requests and limits.
• Use Ingress for external access to WordPress.

Troubleshooting

• Ensure all pods are running with kubectl get pods.
• Check logs of individual pods with kubectl logs <pod-name>.
• Verify services and endpoints with kubectl get svc.
• For Minikube-specific issues, use minikube logs.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please submit a pull request or open an issue to discuss changes.