Add LocalStorage Implementation

[masonmenges]

This pr introduces a LocalStorage implementation to be used with RunnerDeployments for flow deployed in a local process, this closes a gap sometimes felt by users when using the deploy method to deploy prefect flows instead of serve or through a prefect yaml.

closes #13499

Example

from prefect import flow, get_run_logger

@flow
def test_flow():
    logger = get_run_logger()
    logger.info("This is a test")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    test_flow.from_source(
        source="/Users/masonmenges/Repos/git_hub_repos/sandbox/mm2-sanbox/flows/",
        entrypoint="local_dev_flow.py:test_flow"
    ).deploy(
        name="local_deployment", 
        work_pool_name="default"
        )

Checklist

• This pull request references any related issue by including "closes <link to issue>"
  • If no issue exists and your change is not a small fix, please create an issue first.
• If this pull request adds new functionality, it includes unit tests that cover the changes
• This pull request includes a label categorizing the change e.g. maintenance, fix, feature, enhancement, docs.

For documentation changes:

• This pull request includes redirect settings in mint.json for files that are removed or renamed.

For new functions or classes in the Python SDK:

• This pull request includes helpful docstrings.
• If a new Python file was added, this pull request contains a stub page in the Python SDK docs and an entry in docs/mint.json navigation.

[desertaxle]

Thanks for the PR @masonmenges! In addition to the comments I left, can you add some more tests for the new LocalStorage class and tests covering the changes to create_storage_from_url?

[desertaxle]

For LocalStorage, we want pull_code to be a noop. Changing the directory here will change the current working directory for the entire process, which would break other flows served by the Runner if they're in other directories.

[masonmenges]

Thanks, this should just pass now and not doing anything else.

[desertaxle]

I think we might want to check for file and local schemes before this check to ensure we don't create a RemoteStorage instance if a user passes in file://path/to/flow.py.

[masonmenges]

I'm splitting the path that gets passed in now on these characters "://" when the scheme is local or file but I'm not sure if there's maybe a better way to handle that though since I think that can get kinda tricky when you start including drive letters into the mix for windows paths.

[masonmenges]

@desertaxle Ok I think I've got most of this in a good spot now and added some more tests for local storage, I'm still a little unsure of how I'm handling the local and file schemes though so if you have any thoughts there I would greatly appreciate it.

[desertaxle]

The destination needs to be cast to a string to ensure it can be saved correctly in the DB.

Suggested change

	"directory": self.destination
	"directory": str(self.destination)

[zzstoatzz]

couple comments!

[desertaxle]

LGTM! Please be sure to port these changes to main also!