Fix PropertySet re-use in BasePassManager.run (#11787)

Since the genericised `PassManager`, the `PropertySet` used in the
`WorkflowState` of a pass-manager pipeline was taken directly from the
internal state of the `BasePassManager`.  This is set to a clean
`PropertySet` during the pass-manager initialisation (similar to how it
was in the previous version), but is not reset on subsequent runs.  This
didn't cause problems in the old form because the "iterator" over tasks
in the old form was a new `RunningPassManager` instance.

Failing to generate a clean property set could lead to passes getting
fed old analysis data when the pass manager was used more than once,
leading to miscompilations.

qiskit/passmanager/passmanager.py

@@ -47,6 +47,8 @@ def __init__(
         """
         self._tasks = []
         self.max_iteration = max_iteration
+        # This empty property set never gets used; it gets overridden at the completion of a
+        # workflow run.
         self.property_set = PropertySet()
 
         if tasks:
@@ -287,14 +289,22 @@ def _run_workflow(
         input_program=program,
         **kwargs,
     )
-    passmanager_ir, _ = flow_controller.execute(
+    passmanager_ir, final_state = flow_controller.execute(
         passmanager_ir=passmanager_ir,
         state=PassManagerState(
             workflow_status=initial_status,
-            property_set=pass_manager.property_set,
+            property_set=PropertySet(),
         ),
         callback=kwargs.get("callback", None),
     )
+    # The `property_set` has historically been returned as a mutable attribute on `PassManager`
+    # This makes us non-reentrant (though `PassManager` would be dependent on its internal tasks to
+    # be re-entrant if that was required), but is consistent with previous interfaces.  We're still
+    # safe to be called in a serial loop, again assuming internal tasks are re-runnable.  The
+    # conversion to the backend language is also allowed to use the property set, so it must be set
+    # before calling it.
+    pass_manager.property_set = final_state.property_set
+
     out_program = pass_manager._passmanager_backend(
         passmanager_ir=passmanager_ir,
         in_program=program,

releasenotes/notes/fix-passmanager-reuse-151877e1905d49df.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+---
+fixes:
+  - |
+    :meth:`.BasePassManager.run` will no longer leak the previous :class:`.PropertySet` into new
+    workflows when called more than once.  Previously, the same :class:`.PropertySet` as before
+    would be used to initialize follow-on runs, which could mean that invalid property information
+    was being given to tasks.  The behavior now matches that of Qiskit 0.44.  Fixed `#11784 <https://github.com/Qiskit/qiskit/issues/11784>`__.

test/python/passmanager/test_passmanager.py

@@ -124,3 +124,24 @@ def run(self, passmanager_ir):
         with self.assertLogContains(expected):
             out = pm.run(data)
         self.assertEqual(out, data)
+
+    def test_reruns_have_clean_property_set(self):
+        """Test that re-using a pass manager produces a clean property set for the state."""
+
+        sentinel = object()
+
+        class CheckPropertySetClean(GenericPass):
+            def __init__(self, test_case):
+                super().__init__()
+                self.test_case = test_case
+
+            def run(self, _):
+                self.test_case.assertIs(self.property_set["check_property"], None)
+                self.property_set["check_property"] = sentinel
+                self.test_case.assertIs(self.property_set["check_property"], sentinel)
+
+        pm = ToyPassManager([CheckPropertySetClean(self)])
+        pm.run(0)
+        self.assertIs(pm.property_set["check_property"], sentinel)
+        pm.run(1)
+        self.assertIs(pm.property_set["check_property"], sentinel)