apacheGH-35903: [C++] Skeleton for Azure Blob Storage filesystem impl…

…ementation (apache#35701)

### What changes are included in this PR?
This PR splits out the overall skeleton of apache#12914 in order to make merging of the overall Azure Filesystem easier to do.

### Are these changes tested?
Yes.

### Are there any user-facing changes?
Yes.

* Closes: apache#35903

Authored-by: Srinivas Lade <srinulade1@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Antoine Pitrou <antoine@python.org>

.github/workflows/cpp.yml

@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ jobs:
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.title, 'WIP') }}
     timeout-minutes: 75
     env:
+      ARROW_AZURE: ON
       ARROW_BUILD_TESTS: ON
       ARROW_DATASET: ON
       ARROW_FLIGHT: ON

ci/docker/ubuntu-20.04-cpp.dockerfile

@@ -141,6 +141,7 @@ RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin
 # static Arrow to run Flight/Flight SQL tests
 ENV absl_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=ON \
     ARROW_BUILD_STATIC=ON \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM \

ci/docker/ubuntu-22.04-cpp.dockerfile

@@ -164,6 +164,7 @@ RUN /arrow/ci/scripts/install_sccache.sh unknown-linux-musl /usr/local/bin
 # - libgtest-dev only provide sources
 ENV absl_SOURCE=BUNDLED \
     ARROW_ACERO=ON \
+    ARROW_AZURE=ON \
     ARROW_BUILD_STATIC=ON \
     ARROW_BUILD_TESTS=ON \
     ARROW_DEPENDENCY_SOURCE=SYSTEM \

ci/scripts/cpp_build.sh

@@ -84,6 +84,7 @@ pushd ${build_dir}
 cmake \
   -Dabsl_SOURCE=${absl_SOURCE:-} \
   -DARROW_ACERO=${ARROW_ACERO:-ON} \
+  -DARROW_AZURE=${ARROW_AZURE:-OFF} \
   -DARROW_BOOST_USE_SHARED=${ARROW_BOOST_USE_SHARED:-ON} \
   -DARROW_BUILD_BENCHMARKS_REFERENCE=${ARROW_BUILD_BENCHMARKS:-OFF} \
   -DARROW_BUILD_BENCHMARKS=${ARROW_BUILD_BENCHMARKS:-OFF} \

cpp/CMakePresets.json

@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@
       "inherits": "features-basic",
       "hidden": true,
       "cacheVariables": {
+        "ARROW_AZURE": "ON",
         "ARROW_GCS": "ON",
         "ARROW_HDFS": "ON",
         "ARROW_S3": "ON"

cpp/cmake_modules/DefineOptions.cmake

@@ -301,6 +301,9 @@ takes precedence over ccache if a storage backend is configured" ON)
                 ARROW_COMPUTE
                 ARROW_IPC)
 
+  define_option(ARROW_AZURE
+                "Build Arrow with Azure support (requires the Azure SDK for C++)" OFF)
+
   define_option(ARROW_BUILD_UTILITIES "Build Arrow commandline utilities" OFF)
 
   define_option(ARROW_COMPUTE "Build all Arrow Compute kernels" OFF)

cpp/src/arrow/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -481,6 +481,12 @@ if(ARROW_FILESYSTEM)
        filesystem/path_util.cc
        filesystem/util_internal.cc)
 
+  if(ARROW_AZURE)
+    list(APPEND ARROW_SRCS filesystem/azurefs.cc)
+    set_source_files_properties(filesystem/azurefs.cc
+                                PROPERTIES SKIP_PRECOMPILE_HEADERS ON
+                                           SKIP_UNITY_BUILD_INCLUSION ON)
+  endif()
   if(ARROW_GCS)
     list(APPEND ARROW_SRCS filesystem/gcsfs.cc filesystem/gcsfs_internal.cc)
     set_source_files_properties(filesystem/gcsfs.cc filesystem/gcsfs_internal.cc

cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -47,6 +47,15 @@ if(ARROW_GCS)
                  Boost::system)
 endif()
 
+if(ARROW_AZURE)
+  add_arrow_test(azurefs_test
+                 EXTRA_LABELS
+                 filesystem
+                 EXTRA_LINK_LIBS
+                 Boost::filesystem
+                 Boost::system)
+endif()
+
 if(ARROW_S3)
   add_arrow_test(s3fs_test
                  SOURCES

cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/azurefs.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#include "arrow/filesystem/azurefs.h"
+
+#include "arrow/result.h"
+#include "arrow/util/checked_cast.h"
+
+namespace arrow {
+namespace fs {
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// AzureOptions Implementation
+
+AzureOptions::AzureOptions() {}
+
+bool AzureOptions::Equals(const AzureOptions& other) const {
+  return (account_dfs_url == other.account_dfs_url &&
+          account_blob_url == other.account_blob_url &&
+          credentials_kind == other.credentials_kind);
+}
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// AzureFilesystem Implementation
+
+class AzureFileSystem::Impl {
+ public:
+  io::IOContext io_context_;
+  bool is_hierarchical_namespace_enabled_;
+  AzureOptions options_;
+
+  explicit Impl(AzureOptions options, io::IOContext io_context)
+      : io_context_(io_context), options_(std::move(options)) {}
+
+  Status Init() {
+    if (options_.backend == AzureBackend::Azurite) {
+      // gen1Client_->GetAccountInfo().Value.IsHierarchicalNamespaceEnabled
+      // throws error in azurite
+      is_hierarchical_namespace_enabled_ = false;
+    }
+    return Status::OK();
+  }
+
+  const AzureOptions& options() const { return options_; }
+};
+
+const AzureOptions& AzureFileSystem::options() const { return impl_->options(); }
+
+bool AzureFileSystem::Equals(const FileSystem& other) const {
+  if (this == &other) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (other.type_name() != type_name()) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const auto& azure_fs = ::arrow::internal::checked_cast<const AzureFileSystem&>(other);
+  return options().Equals(azure_fs.options());
+}
+
+Result<FileInfo> AzureFileSystem::GetFileInfo(const std::string& path) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<FileInfoVector> AzureFileSystem::GetFileInfo(const FileSelector& select) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Status AzureFileSystem::CreateDir(const std::string& path, bool recursive) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Status AzureFileSystem::DeleteDir(const std::string& path) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Status AzureFileSystem::DeleteDirContents(const std::string& path, bool missing_dir_ok) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Status AzureFileSystem::DeleteRootDirContents() {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Status AzureFileSystem::DeleteFile(const std::string& path) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Status AzureFileSystem::Move(const std::string& src, const std::string& dest) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Status AzureFileSystem::CopyFile(const std::string& src, const std::string& dest) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<io::InputStream>> AzureFileSystem::OpenInputStream(
+    const std::string& path) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<io::InputStream>> AzureFileSystem::OpenInputStream(
+    const FileInfo& info) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<io::RandomAccessFile>> AzureFileSystem::OpenInputFile(
+    const std::string& path) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<io::RandomAccessFile>> AzureFileSystem::OpenInputFile(
+    const FileInfo& info) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<io::OutputStream>> AzureFileSystem::OpenOutputStream(
+    const std::string& path, const std::shared_ptr<const KeyValueMetadata>& metadata) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<io::OutputStream>> AzureFileSystem::OpenAppendStream(
+    const std::string&, const std::shared_ptr<const KeyValueMetadata>&) {
+  return Status::NotImplemented("The Azure FileSystem is not fully implemented");
+}
+
+Result<std::shared_ptr<AzureFileSystem>> AzureFileSystem::Make(
+    const AzureOptions& options, const io::IOContext& io_context) {
+  std::shared_ptr<AzureFileSystem> ptr(new AzureFileSystem(options, io_context));
+  RETURN_NOT_OK(ptr->impl_->Init());
+  return ptr;
+}
+
+AzureFileSystem::AzureFileSystem(const AzureOptions& options,
+                                 const io::IOContext& io_context)
+    : FileSystem(io_context), impl_(std::make_unique<Impl>(options, io_context)) {
+  default_async_is_sync_ = false;
+}
+
+}  // namespace fs
+}  // namespace arrow

cpp/src/arrow/filesystem/azurefs.h

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "arrow/filesystem/filesystem.h"
+#include "arrow/util/macros.h"
+#include "arrow/util/uri.h"
+
+namespace Azure {
+namespace Core {
+namespace Credentials {
+
+class TokenCredential;
+
+}  // namespace Credentials
+}  // namespace Core
+namespace Storage {
+
+class StorageSharedKeyCredential;
+
+}  // namespace Storage
+}  // namespace Azure
+
+namespace arrow {
+namespace fs {
+
+enum class AzureCredentialsKind : int8_t {
+  /// Anonymous access (no credentials used), public
+  Anonymous,
+  /// Use explicitly-provided access key pair
+  StorageCredentials,
+  /// Use ServicePrincipleCredentials
+  ServicePrincipleCredentials,
+  /// Use Sas Token to authenticate
+  Sas,
+  /// Use Connection String
+  ConnectionString
+};
+
+enum class AzureBackend : bool {
+  /// Official Azure Remote Backend
+  Azure,
+  /// Local Simulated Storage
+  Azurite
+};
+
+/// Options for the AzureFileSystem implementation.
+struct ARROW_EXPORT AzureOptions {
+  std::string account_dfs_url;
+  std::string account_blob_url;
+  AzureBackend backend = AzureBackend::Azure;
+  AzureCredentialsKind credentials_kind = AzureCredentialsKind::Anonymous;
+
+  std::string sas_token;
+  std::string connection_string;
+  std::shared_ptr<Azure::Storage::StorageSharedKeyCredential>
+      storage_credentials_provider;
+  std::shared_ptr<Azure::Core::Credentials::TokenCredential>
+      service_principle_credentials_provider;
+
+  AzureOptions();
+
+  bool Equals(const AzureOptions& other) const;
+};
+
+/// \brief Azure-backed FileSystem implementation for ABFS and ADLS.
+///
+/// ABFS (Azure Blob Storage - https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/storage/blobs/)
+/// object-based cloud storage system.
+///
+/// ADLS (Azure Data Lake Storage -
+/// https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/storage/data-lake-storage/)
+/// is a scalable data storage system designed for big-data applications.
+/// ADLS provides filesystem semantics, file-level security, and Hadoop
+/// compatibility. Gen1 exists as a separate object that will retired
+/// on Feb 29, 2024. New ADLS accounts will use Gen2 instead, which is
+/// implemented on top of ABFS.
+///
+/// TODO: GH-18014 Complete the internal implementation
+/// and review the documentation
+class ARROW_EXPORT AzureFileSystem : public FileSystem {
+ public:
+  ~AzureFileSystem() override = default;
+
+  std::string type_name() const override { return "abfs"; }
+
+  /// Return the original Azure options when constructing the filesystem
+  const AzureOptions& options() const;
+
+  bool Equals(const FileSystem& other) const override;
+
+  Result<FileInfo> GetFileInfo(const std::string& path) override;
+
+  Result<FileInfoVector> GetFileInfo(const FileSelector& select) override;
+
+  Status CreateDir(const std::string& path, bool recursive = true) override;
+
+  Status DeleteDir(const std::string& path) override;
+
+  Status DeleteDirContents(const std::string& path, bool missing_dir_ok = false) override;
+
+  Status DeleteRootDirContents() override;
+
+  Status DeleteFile(const std::string& path) override;
+
+  Status Move(const std::string& src, const std::string& dest) override;
+
+  Status CopyFile(const std::string& src, const std::string& dest) override;
+
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<io::InputStream>> OpenInputStream(
+      const std::string& path) override;
+
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<io::InputStream>> OpenInputStream(const FileInfo& info) override;
+
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<io::RandomAccessFile>> OpenInputFile(
+      const std::string& path) override;
+
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<io::RandomAccessFile>> OpenInputFile(
+      const FileInfo& info) override;
+
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<io::OutputStream>> OpenOutputStream(
+      const std::string& path,
+      const std::shared_ptr<const KeyValueMetadata>& metadata = {}) override;
+
+  Result<std::shared_ptr<io::OutputStream>> OpenAppendStream(
+      const std::string& path,
+      const std::shared_ptr<const KeyValueMetadata>& metadata = {}) override;
+
+  static Result<std::shared_ptr<AzureFileSystem>> Make(
+      const AzureOptions& options, const io::IOContext& = io::default_io_context());
+
+ private:
+  explicit AzureFileSystem(const AzureOptions& options, const io::IOContext& io_context);
+
+  class Impl;
+  std::unique_ptr<Impl> impl_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace fs
+}  // namespace arrow