Cortex-M4F: xxx.elf uses VFP register arguments, yyy.o does not

[sirtian]

When I compile default example by "make BOARD=stmf32f4discovery"

usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: error: /home/RIOT-OS/RIOT/examples/default/bin/stm32f4discovery/default.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-errno.o) does not
/usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-errno.o)

Is it because of the compile itself error?which version are you using to compile arm family application? can any one help me?I appreciate it very much

[jnohlgard]

Your installed newlib version is built for soft float, the RIOT application is built for hard float. If you don't want to change your newlib you can try adding -mfloat-abi=softfp to your CFLAGS and do a make clean

[sirtian]

@gebart , thanks for your answer,after I added -mfloat-abi=softfp both in Makefile.cflags and boards/stm32f4discovery/Makefile.include, I still get the following error messages:

/usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: error: /home/RIOT-OS/RIOT/examples/default/bin/stm32f4discovery/default.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-errno.o) does not
/usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-errno.o)
/usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: error: /home/RIOT-OS/RIOT/examples/default/bin/stm32f4discovery/default.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-impure.o) does not
/usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-impure.o)
......
/usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/thumb2/libgcc.a(_udivdi3.o)
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [all] Error 1
Is it because of my wrong operate? The arm compiler version is: arm-none-eabi-gcc --version
arm-none-eabi-gcc (Sourcery CodeBench Lite 2014.05-28) 4.8.3 20140320 (prerelease)
Copyright (C) 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 
Here is my changes:
+++ b/Makefile.cflags
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ endif

 # Forbid common symbols to prevent accidental aliasing.
 CFLAGS += -fno-common
+CFLAGS += -mfloat-abi=softfp
+++ b/boards/stm32f4discovery/Makefile.include
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ export RESET = $(RIOTBASE)/dist/tools/openocd/openocd.sh

 # define build specific options
 CPU_USAGE = -mcpu=cortex-m4
-FPU_USAGE = -mfloat-abi=hard -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16
+FPU_USAGE = -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16

Could you help me to find what is wrong with this arm compile problem?

[jnohlgard]

Try different combinations of the float configuration flags -msoft-float, -mfloat-abi={soft,softfp}

[sirtian]

@OlegHahm please help me to find what's wrong?

[jnohlgard]

What have you tried so far?

[OlegHahm]

Is there a reason not to use the recommended ARM toolchain from launchpad?

[jnohlgard]

Since the original poster has not responded for a long time and the toolchain is not the recommended one I will now close this issue.

[raikaDial]

I ran into the same issue trying to compile a project for the Teensy 3.6. with arm-none-eabi 4.8.4. The issue was that gcc was linking to libarm_cortexM4l_math.a, which is the software floating point version of the library. The solution was to force it to link to libarm_cortexM4lf_math.a, the hardware floating point version, instead.

[tsiura]

I ran into the same issue trying to compile a project for the Teensy 3.6. with arm-none-eabi 4.8.4. The issue was that gcc was linking to libarm_cortexM4l_math.a, which is the software floating point version of the library. The solution was to force it to link to libarm_cortexM4lf_math.a, the hardware floating point version, instead.

Can you explain pls how to do this? Thanks!

[raikaDial]

Hmm, well it's been a while. If I remember correctly my solution was pretty inelegant. I simply went into the arm-none-eabi folder and renamed libarm_cortexM4lf_math.a to libarm_cortexM4l_math.a.

[swd543]

@Rykerdial that indeed is inelegant and would still compile using software float. Have you figured out a way to link the hard float library while compiling?

[swd543]

I am facing the same issue as @Rykerdial and I confirmed this by changing the makefile to using soft float abi. With the soft float abi it compiles well but using the hard float abi gives an error
error: build/STMBuga.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/6.3.1/../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/libnosys.a(_exit.o) does not

[vrushalibhokare]

I am facing same issue trying to compile project for mbed cli with compiler version 5 .
[ERROR] c:/users/admin/gnu tools arm embedded/6 2017-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/6.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: error: ./STM32_Audio/Addons/PDM/Lib\libPDMFilter_CM4_GCC.a(pdm_filter.o) uses VFP register arguments, ./
BUILD/DISCO_F469NI/GCC_ARM-RELEASE_O3/kws_realtime_test.elf does not
c:/users/admin/gnu tools arm embedded/6 2017-q2-update/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-e
abi/6.3.1/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld.exe: failed to merge target specific
data of file ./STM32_Audio/Addons/PDM/Lib\libPDMFilter_CM4_GCC.a(pdm_filter.o)
collect2.exe: error: ld returned 1 exit status
Let me know, if any one got solution for this ?

[houxd]

ARM's official toolchain can solve this problem. I just encountered the same problem. I used STM32CubeMX to generate Makefile compilation on ubuntu18.04. The toolchain comes from gcc-arm-none-eabi installed by ubuntu apt. The solution is first Uninstall the original toolchain:
Sudo apt remote gcc-arm-none-eabi binutils-arm-none-eabi
Then install the arm official toolchain:
Sudo add-apt-repository ppa:team-gcc-arm-embedded/ppa
Sudo apt-get update
Sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-embedded
Please refer to:
Https://developer.arm.com/open-source/gnu-toolchain/gnu-rm
Although windows I have not tested, but I think the same can be solved

[dientc]

ARM's official toolchain can solve this problem. I just encountered the same problem. I used STM32CubeMX to generate Makefile compilation on ubuntu18.04. The toolchain comes from gcc-arm-none-eabi installed by ubuntu apt. The solution is first Uninstall the original toolchain:
Sudo apt remote gcc-arm-none-eabi binutils-arm-none-eabi
Then install the arm official toolchain:
Sudo add-apt-repository ppa:team-gcc-arm-embedded/ppa
Sudo apt-get update
Sudo apt-get install gcc-arm-embedded
Please refer to:
Https://developer.arm.com/open-source/gnu-toolchain/gnu-rm
Although windows I have not tested, but I think the same can be solved

This link may help:
https://launchpad.net/~team-gcc-arm-embedded/+archive/ubuntu/ppa

[akohlsmith]

This is still an issue in August 2019 with Ubuntu 19.04; is there a reason that the official embedded arm packages don't correctly work with hardfp?

[Gohith]

When I compile default example by "make BOARD=stmf32f4discovery"

usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: error: /home/RIOT-OS/RIOT/examples/default/bin/stm32f4discovery/default.elf uses VFP register arguments, /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-errno.o) does not
/usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/bin/ld: failed to merge target specific data of file /usr/local/bin/arm-2014.05/bin/../lib/gcc/arm-none-eabi/4.8.3/../../../../arm-none-eabi/lib/thumb2/libc.a(lib_a-errno.o)

Is it because of the compile itself error?which version are you using to compile arm family application? can any one help me?I appreciate it very much

Simply clean project and build it again ; Give it a try