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The distribution of abundance amongst species with similar ways of | ||
life is a classical problem in ecology. | ||
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The Unified Neutral Theory of Biodiversity (UNTB), due to Hubbell, | ||
states that observed population dynamics may be explained on the | ||
assumption of per capita equivalence amongst individuals. One can thus | ||
dispense with differences between species, and differences between | ||
abundant and rare species: all individuals behave alike in respect of | ||
their probabilities of reproducing and death. | ||
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It is a striking fact that such a parsimonious theory results in a | ||
non-trivial dominancediversity curve (that is, the simultaneous | ||
existence of both abundant and rare species) and even more striking | ||
that the theory predicts abundance curves that match observations | ||
across a wide range of ecologies. | ||
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The UNTB, being a statistical hypothesis, is well-suited to simulation | ||
using the R computer language. Here I discuss the untb package for | ||
numerical simulation of ecological drift under the unified neutral | ||
theory. A range of visualization, analytical, and simulation tools are | ||
provided in the package and these are presented with examples and | ||
discussion. |