[BREAKING] Implement Project Graph, build execution

* Replace the JSON-object based dependency tree handling with a graph
representation
    * Projects are now represented by classes with documented APIs
    * Projects can be accessed by extensions defining specVersion >=2.7
    * Speed up resolution of package.json dependencies
        * Make "ui5.dependencies" package.json configuration obsolete
* Move build execution from ui5-builder to ui5-project
    * ui5-builder scope reduced top provides task implementations only
* Build: Determine automatically whether a project-build requires
  dependencies to be built and build them
* Build: Add new option 'createBuildManifest'. This will create a
  manifest file in the target directory that allows reuse of the
  build result of  library and theme-library projects in other project
  builds (RFC0011)

This PR will need additional follow-up to add more test cases,
cleanup JSDoc and possibly add more features described in the RFCs.

This is a nicer version of
#394

Implements RFC0009: SAP/ui5-tooling#501
Implements RFC0011: SAP/ui5-tooling#612

BREAKING CHANGE:
* normalizer and projectTree APIs have been removed. Use
generateProjectGraph instead
* Going forward only specification versions 2.0 and higher are supported
    * In case a legacy specification version is detected, an automatic,
      transparent migration is attempted.
* Build:
    * The "dev" build mode has been removed
    * The task "generateVersionInfo" is no longer executed for
      application projects by default. You may enable it again using the
      includedTasks parameter

index.js

@@ -4,13 +4,13 @@
  */
 module.exports = {
 	/**
-	 * @type {import('./lib/normalizer')}
+	 * @type {import('./lib/builder')}
 	 */
-	normalizer: "./lib/normalizer",
+	builder: "./lib/builder",
 	/**
-	 * @type {import('./lib/projectPreprocessor')}
+	 * @type {import('./lib/generateProjectGraph')}
 	 */
-	projectPreprocessor: "./lib/projectPreprocessor",
+	generateProjectGraph: "./lib/generateProjectGraph",
 	/**
 	 * @public
 	 * @alias module:@ui5/project.ui5Framework
@@ -42,20 +42,20 @@ module.exports = {
 		ValidationError: "./lib/validation/ValidationError"
 	},
 	/**
-	 * @private
-	 * @alias module:@ui5/project.translators
+	 * @public
+	 * @alias module:@ui5/project.graph
 	 * @namespace
 	 */
-	translators: {
+	graph: {
 		/**
-		 * @type {import('./lib/translators/npm')}
+		 * @type {typeof import('./lib/graph/ProjectGraph')}
 		 */
-		npm: "./lib/translators/npm",
+		ProjectGraph: "./lib/graph/ProjectGraph",
 		/**
-		 * @type {import('./lib/translators/static')}
+		 * @type {typeof import('./lib/graph/projectGraphBuilder')}
 		 */
-		static: "./lib/translators/static"
-	}
+		projectGraphBuilder: "./lib/graph/projectGraphBuilder",
+	},
 };
 
 function exportModules(exportRoot, modulePaths) {

lib/buildDefinitions/AbstractBuilder.js

@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+const {getTask} = require("@ui5/builder").tasks.taskRepository;
+const composeTaskList = require("../buildHelpers/composeTaskList");
+
+/**
+ * Resource collections
+ *
+ * @public
+ * @typedef module:@ui5/builder.BuilderResourceCollections
+ * @property {module:@ui5/fs.DuplexCollection} workspace Workspace Resource
+ * @property {module:@ui5/fs.ReaderCollection} dependencies Workspace Resource
+ */
+
+/**
+ * Base class for the builder implementation of a project type
+ *
+ * @abstract
+ */
+class AbstractBuilder {
+	/**
+	 * Constructor
+	 *
+	 * @param {object} parameters
+	 * @param {object} parameters.graph
+	 * @param {object} parameters.project
+	 * @param {GroupLogger} parameters.parentLogger Logger to use
+	 * @param {object} parameters.taskUtil
+	 */
+	constructor({graph, project, parentLogger, taskUtil}) {
+		if (new.target === AbstractBuilder) {
+			throw new TypeError("Class 'AbstractBuilder' is abstract");
+		}
+
+		this.project = project;
+		this.graph = graph;
+		this.taskUtil = taskUtil;
+
+		this.log = parentLogger.createSubLogger(project.getType() + " " + project.getName(), 0.2);
+		this.taskLog = this.log.createTaskLogger("🔨");
+
+		this.tasks = {};
+		this.taskExecutionOrder = [];
+
+		this.addStandardTasks({
+			project,
+			taskUtil,
+			getTask
+		});
+		this.addCustomTasks({
+			graph,
+			project,
+			taskUtil
+		});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds all standard tasks to execute
+	 *
+	 * @abstract
+	 * @protected
+	 * @param {object} parameters
+	 * @param {object} parameters.taskUtil
+	 * @param {object} parameters.project
+	 */
+	addStandardTasks({project, taskUtil}) {
+		throw new Error("Function 'addStandardTasks' is not implemented");
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds custom tasks to execute
+	 *
+	 * @private
+	 * @param {object} parameters
+	 * @param {object} parameters.graph
+	 * @param {object} parameters.project
+	 * @param {object} parameters.taskUtil
+	 */
+	addCustomTasks({graph, project, taskUtil}) {
+		const projectCustomTasks = project.getCustomTasks();
+		if (!projectCustomTasks || projectCustomTasks.length === 0) {
+			return; // No custom tasks defined
+		}
+		for (let i = 0; i < projectCustomTasks.length; i++) {
+			const taskDef = projectCustomTasks[i];
+			if (!taskDef.name) {
+				throw new Error(`Missing name for custom task definition of project ${project.getName()} ` +
+					`at index ${i}`);
+			}
+			if (taskDef.beforeTask && taskDef.afterTask) {
+				throw new Error(`Custom task definition ${taskDef.name} of project ${project.getName()} ` +
+					`defines both "beforeTask" and "afterTask" parameters. Only one must be defined.`);
+			}
+			if (this.taskExecutionOrder.length && !taskDef.beforeTask && !taskDef.afterTask) {
+				// Iff there are tasks configured, beforeTask or afterTask must be given
+				throw new Error(`Custom task definition ${taskDef.name} of project ${project.getName()} ` +
+					`defines neither a "beforeTask" nor an "afterTask" parameter. One must be defined.`);
+			}
+
+			let newTaskName = taskDef.name;
+			if (this.tasks[newTaskName]) {
+				// Task is already known
+				// => add a suffix to allow for multiple configurations of the same task
+				let suffixCounter = 0;
+				while (this.tasks[newTaskName]) {
+					suffixCounter++; // Start at 1
+					newTaskName = `${taskDef.name}--${suffixCounter}`;
+				}
+			}
+			const task = graph.getExtension(taskDef.name);
+			// TODO: Create callback for custom tasks to configure "requiresDependencies" and "enabled"
+			// 		Input: task "options" and build mode ("standalone", "preload", etc.)
+			const requiresDependencies = true; // Default to true for old spec versions
+			const execTask = function({workspace, dependencies}) {
+				/* Custom Task Interface
+					Parameters:
+						{Object} parameters Parameters
+						{module:@ui5/fs.DuplexCollection} parameters.workspace DuplexCollection to read and write files
+						{module:@ui5/fs.AbstractReader} parameters.dependencies
+							Reader or Collection to read dependency files
+						{Object} parameters.taskUtil Specification Version dependent interface to a
+							[TaskUtil]{@link module:@ui5/builder.tasks.TaskUtil} instance
+						{Object} parameters.options Options
+						{string} parameters.options.projectName Project name
+						{string} [parameters.options.projectNamespace] Project namespace if available
+						{string} [parameters.options.configuration] Task configuration if given in ui5.yaml
+					Returns:
+						{Promise<undefined>} Promise resolving with undefined once data has been written
+				*/
+				const params = {
+					workspace,
+					options: {
+						projectName: project.getName(),
+						projectNamespace: project.getNamespace(),
+						configuration: taskDef.configuration
+					}
+				};
+
+				if (requiresDependencies) {
+					params.dependencies = dependencies;
+				}
+
+				const taskUtilInterface = taskUtil.getInterface(task.getSpecVersion());
+				// Interface is undefined if specVersion does not support taskUtil
+				if (taskUtilInterface) {
+					params.taskUtil = taskUtilInterface;
+				}
+				return task.getTask()(params);
+			};
+
+			this.tasks[newTaskName] = {
+				task: execTask,
+				requiresDependencies
+			};
+
+			if (this.taskExecutionOrder.length) {
+				// There is at least one task configured. Use before- and afterTask to add the custom task
+				const refTaskName = taskDef.beforeTask || taskDef.afterTask;
+				let refTaskIdx = this.taskExecutionOrder.indexOf(refTaskName);
+				if (refTaskIdx === -1) {
+					throw new Error(`Could not find task ${refTaskName}, referenced by custom task ${newTaskName}, ` +
+						`to be scheduled for project ${project.getName()}`);
+				}
+				if (taskDef.afterTask) {
+					// Insert after index of referenced task
+					refTaskIdx++;
+				}
+				this.taskExecutionOrder.splice(refTaskIdx, 0, newTaskName);
+			} else {
+				// There is no task configured so far. Just add the custom task
+				this.taskExecutionOrder.push(newTaskName);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds a executable task to the builder
+	 *
+	 * The order this function is being called defines the build order. FIFO.
+	 *
+	 * @param {string} taskName Name of the task which should be in the list availableTasks.
+	 * @param {object} [parameters]
+	 * @param {boolean} [parameters.requiresDependencies]
+	 * @param {object} [parameters.options]
+	 * @param {Function} [taskFunction]
+	 */
+	addTask(taskName, {requiresDependencies = false, options = {}} = {}, taskFunction) {
+		if (this.tasks[taskName]) {
+			throw new Error(`Failed to add duplicate task ${taskName} for project ${this.project.getName()}`);
+		}
+		if (this.taskExecutionOrder.includes(taskName)) {
+			throw new Error(`Builder: Failed to add task ${taskName} for project ${this.project.getName()}. ` +
+				`It has already been scheduled for execution.`);
+		}
+
+		const task = ({workspace, dependencies}) => {
+			options.projectName = this.project.getName();
+			// TODO: Deprecate "namespace" in favor of "projectNamespace" as already used for custom tasks?
+			options.projectNamespace = this.project.getNamespace();
+
+			const params = {
+				workspace,
+				taskUtil: this.taskUtil,
+				options
+			};
+
+			if (requiresDependencies) {
+				params.dependencies = dependencies;
+			}
+
+			if (!taskFunction) {
+				taskFunction = getTask(taskName).task;
+			}
+			return taskFunction(params);
+		};
+		this.tasks[taskName] = {
+			task,
+			requiresDependencies
+		};
+		this.taskExecutionOrder.push(taskName);
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Takes a list of tasks which should be executed from the available task list of the current builder
+	 *
+	 * @param {object} buildConfig
+	 * @param {boolean} buildConfig.selfContained
+	 *			True if a the build should be self-contained or false for prelead build bundles
+	 * @param {boolean} buildConfig.jsdoc True if a JSDoc build should be executed
+	 * @param {Array} buildConfig.includedTasks Task list to be included from build
+	 * @param {Array} buildConfig.excludedTasks Task list to be excluded from build
+	 * @param {object} buildParams
+	 * @param {module:@ui5/fs.DuplexCollection} buildParams.workspace Workspace of the current project
+	 * @param {module:@ui5/fs.ReaderCollection} buildParams.dependencies Dependencies reader collection
+	 * @returns {Promise} Returns promise chain with tasks
+	 */
+	async build(buildConfig, buildParams) {
+		const tasksToRun = composeTaskList(Object.keys(this.tasks), buildConfig);
+		const allTasks = this.taskExecutionOrder.filter((taskName) => {
+			// There might be a numeric suffix in case a custom task is configured multiple times.
+			// The suffix needs to be removed in order to check against the list of tasks to run.
+			//
+			// Note: The 'tasksToRun' parameter only allows to specify the custom task name
+			// (without suffix), so it executes either all or nothing.
+			// It's currently not possible to just execute some occurrences of a custom task.
+			// This would require a more robust contract to identify task executions
+			// (e.g. via an 'id' that can be assigned to a specific execution in the configuration).
+			const taskWithoutSuffixCounter = taskName.replace(/--\d+$/, "");
+			return tasksToRun.includes(taskWithoutSuffixCounter);
+		});
+
+		this.taskLog.addWork(allTasks.length);
+
+		for (const taskName of allTasks) {
+			const taskFunction = this.tasks[taskName].task;
+
+			if (typeof taskFunction === "function") {
+				await this.executeTask(taskName, taskFunction, buildParams);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	requiresDependencies(buildConfig) {
+		const tasksToRun = composeTaskList(Object.keys(this.tasks), buildConfig);
+		const allTasks = this.taskExecutionOrder.filter((taskName) => {
+			// There might be a numeric suffix in case a custom task is configured multiple times.
+			// The suffix needs to be removed in order to check against the list of tasks to run.
+			//
+			// Note: The 'tasksToRun' parameter only allows to specify the custom task name
+			// (without suffix), so it executes either all or nothing.
+			// It's currently not possible to just execute some occurrences of a custom task.
+			// This would require a more robust contract to identify task executions
+			// (e.g. via an 'id' that can be assigned to a specific execution in the configuration).
+			const taskWithoutSuffixCounter = taskName.replace(/--\d+$/, "");
+			return tasksToRun.includes(taskWithoutSuffixCounter);
+		});
+		return allTasks.some((taskName) => {
+			if (this.tasks[taskName].requiresDependencies) {
+				this.log.verbose(`Task ${taskName} for project ${this.project.getName()} requires dependencies`);
+				return true;
+			}
+			return false;
+		});
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Adds progress related functionality to task function.
+	 *
+	 * @private
+	 * @param {string} taskName Name of the task
+	 * @param {Function} taskFunction Function which executed the task
+	 * @param {object} taskParams Base parameters for all tasks
+	 * @returns {Promise} Resolves when task has finished
+	 */
+	async executeTask(taskName, taskFunction, taskParams) {
+		this.taskLog.startWork(`Running task ${taskName}...`);
+		this._taskStart = performance.now();
+		await taskFunction(taskParams);
+		this.taskLog.completeWork(1);
+		if (process.env.UI5_LOG_TASK_PERF) {
+			this.taskLog.info(`Task succeeded in ${Math.round((performance.now() - this._taskStart))} ms`);
+		}
+	}
+
+	/**
+	 * Appends the list of 'excludes' to the list of 'patterns'. To harmonize both lists, the 'excludes'
+	 * are negated and the 'patternPrefix' is added to make them absolute.
+	 *
+	 * @private
+	 * @param {string[]} patterns
+	 *   List of absolute default patterns.
+	 * @param {string[]} excludes
+	 *   List of relative patterns to be excluded. Excludes with a leading "!" are meant to be re-included.
+	 * @param {string} patternPrefix
+	 *   Prefix to be added to the excludes to make them absolute. The prefix must have a leading and a
+	 *   trailing "/".
+	 */
+	enhancePatternWithExcludes(patterns, excludes, patternPrefix) {
+		excludes.forEach((exclude) => {
+			if (exclude.startsWith("!")) {
+				patterns.push(`${patternPrefix}${exclude.slice(1)}`);
+			} else {
+				patterns.push(`!${patternPrefix}${exclude}`);
+			}
+		});
+	}
+}
+
+module.exports = AbstractBuilder;