Fix S3878 FP: When input array is collection expression with spread o…

…perator (#8970)

analyzers/src/SonarAnalyzer.CFG/ShimLayer/SyntaxKindEx.cs

@@ -93,5 +93,6 @@ public static class SyntaxKindEx
         public const SyntaxKind InterpolatedMultiLineRawStringStartToken = (SyntaxKind)9073;
         public const SyntaxKind InterpolatedRawStringEndToken = (SyntaxKind)9074;
         public const SyntaxKind ScopedType = (SyntaxKind)9075;
+        public const SyntaxKind SpreadElement = (SyntaxKind)9078;
     }
 }

analyzers/src/SonarAnalyzer.CSharp/Rules/ArrayPassedAsParams.cs

@@ -32,10 +32,17 @@ public sealed class ArrayPassedAsParams : ArrayPassedAsParamsBase<SyntaxKind, Ar
             SyntaxKindEx.ImplicitObjectCreationExpression
         };
 
-    protected override ArgumentSyntax GetLastArgumentIfArrayCreation(SyntaxNode expression) =>
-        GetLastArgumentIfArrayCreation(GetArgumentListFromExpression(expression));
+    protected override ArgumentSyntax LastArgumentIfArrayCreation(SyntaxNode expression) =>
+        LastArgumentIfArrayCreation(ArgumentList(expression));
 
-    private static BaseArgumentListSyntax GetArgumentListFromExpression(SyntaxNode expression) =>
+    private static ArgumentSyntax LastArgumentIfArrayCreation(BaseArgumentListSyntax argumentList) =>
+        argumentList is { Arguments: { Count: > 0 } arguments }
+        && arguments.Last() is var lastArgument
+        && IsArrayCreation(lastArgument.Expression)
+            ? lastArgument
+            : null;
+
+    private static BaseArgumentListSyntax ArgumentList(SyntaxNode expression) =>
         expression switch
         {
             ObjectCreationExpressionSyntax { } creation => creation.ArgumentList,
@@ -45,19 +52,16 @@ expression switch
             _ => null
         };
 
-    private static ArgumentSyntax GetLastArgumentIfArrayCreation(BaseArgumentListSyntax argumentList) =>
-        argumentList is { Arguments: { Count: > 0 } arguments }
-        && arguments.Last() is var lastArgument
-        && IsArrayCreation(lastArgument.Expression)
-            ? lastArgument
-            : null;
-
     private static bool IsArrayCreation(ExpressionSyntax expression) =>
         expression switch
         {
             ArrayCreationExpressionSyntax { Initializer: not null } => true,
             ImplicitArrayCreationExpressionSyntax => true,
-            _ when CollectionExpressionSyntaxWrapper.IsInstance(expression) => true,
+            _ when CollectionExpressionSyntaxWrapper.IsInstance(expression) => !ContainsSpread((CollectionExpressionSyntaxWrapper)expression),
             _ => false
         };
+
+    // [x, y, ..z] is not possible to be passed as params
+    private static bool ContainsSpread(CollectionExpressionSyntaxWrapper expression) =>
+        expression.Elements.Any(x => x.SyntaxNode.IsKind(SyntaxKindEx.SpreadElement));
 }

analyzers/src/SonarAnalyzer.Common/Rules/ArrayPassedAsParamsBase.cs

@@ -30,15 +30,15 @@ public abstract class ArrayPassedAsParamsBase<TSyntaxKind, TArgumentNode> : Sona
     private readonly DiagnosticDescriptor rule;
 
     protected abstract TSyntaxKind[] ExpressionKinds { get; }
-    protected abstract TArgumentNode GetLastArgumentIfArrayCreation(SyntaxNode expression);
+    protected abstract TArgumentNode LastArgumentIfArrayCreation(SyntaxNode expression);
 
     protected ArrayPassedAsParamsBase() : base(DiagnosticId) =>
         rule = Language.CreateDescriptor(DiagnosticId, MessageFormat);
 
     protected sealed override void Initialize(SonarAnalysisContext context) =>
         context.RegisterNodeAction(Language.GeneratedCodeRecognizer, c =>
         {
-            if (GetLastArgumentIfArrayCreation(c.Node) is { } lastArgument
+            if (LastArgumentIfArrayCreation(c.Node) is { } lastArgument
                 && IsParamParameter(c.SemanticModel, c.Node, lastArgument))
             {
                 c.ReportIssue(Diagnostic.Create(rule, lastArgument.GetLocation()));

analyzers/src/SonarAnalyzer.VisualBasic/Rules/ArrayPassedAsParams.cs

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public sealed class ArrayPassedAsParams : ArrayPassedAsParamsBase<SyntaxKind, Ar
             SyntaxKind.InvocationExpression
         };
 
-    protected override ArgumentSyntax GetLastArgumentIfArrayCreation(SyntaxNode expression) =>
+    protected override ArgumentSyntax LastArgumentIfArrayCreation(SyntaxNode expression) =>
         GetLastArgumentIfArrayCreation(GetArgumentListFromExpression(expression));
 
     private static ArgumentListSyntax GetArgumentListFromExpression(SyntaxNode expression) =>

analyzers/tests/SonarAnalyzer.Test/TestCases/ArrayPassedAsParams.CSharp12.cs

@@ -3,18 +3,23 @@
 const int a = 1;
 int[] array = [2, 3];
 
-_ = new MyClass(1, [1, 2, 3]);     // Noncompliant
-_ = new MyClass(1, []);            // Noncompliant
+var class1 = new MyClass(1, [1, 2, 3]);             // Noncompliant
+_ = new MyClass(1, []);                             // Noncompliant
 
 // repro for https://github.com/SonarSource/sonar-dotnet/issues/8510
-_ = new MyClass(1, [a, .. array]);    // Noncompliant FP
+_ = new MyClass(1, [a, .. array]);                  // Compliant
 
-_ = new MyClass2([1], [1, 2, 3]);  // Noncompliant
+_ = new MyClass2([1], [1, 2, 3]);                   // Noncompliant
 _ = new MyClass2([1, 2, 3], 1);
-_ = new MyClass3([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]); // Noncompliant FP
-_ = new MyClass3([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]); // Noncompliant
-_ = new MyClass3([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]]); // Noncompliant
+
+_ = new MyClass3([1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]);             // Noncompliant FP
+
+_ = new MyClass4(class1, new(1, [1, .. array]));    // Compliant
+_ = new MyClass4([class1, new(1, [1, .. array])]);  // Noncompliant, outer collection raises, despite the nested spread operator
+//               ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
 
 class MyClass(int a, params int[] args);
 class MyClass2(int[] a, params int[] args);
 class MyClass3(params int[][] args);
+class MyClass4(params MyClass[] args);