Optimize codes and update docs

README.md

@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 ## What's included
 A ~ C | D ~ G | H ~ L | M ~ P | Q ~ S | T ~ Z
 ----|----|----|----|----|----
-| [blockchain](blockchain/README.md) |  | [Javassist](jdk8/README.md) | [nio](nio/README.md) | [security](security/README.md) | [threads](threads/README.md)
-|  |  | [jdk7](jdk7/README.md) | [patterns](patterns/README.md) |  | [utils](utils/README.md)
+| [ASM](jdk8/README.md) |  | [Javassist](jdk8/README.md) | [nio](nio/README.md) | [security](security/README.md) | [threads](threads/README.md)
+| [blockchain](blockchain/README.md) |  | [jdk7](jdk7/README.md) | [patterns](patterns/README.md) |  | [utils](utils/README.md)
 |  |  | [jdk8](jdk8/README.md) |  |  |
 |  |  | [jvm](jvm/README.md) |  |  |
 

doc/source/jdk7/keyword/index.rst

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 keyword
-=======
+===============================
 
 .. toctree::
     :maxdepth: 3

doc/source/jdk7/lang/index.rst

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 lang
-=======
+===============================
 `java.lang`
 
 .. toctree::

doc/source/jdk7/util/index.rst

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 util
-=======
+===============================
 `java.util`
 
 .. toctree::

doc/source/jdk8/instrumentation.md

@@ -3,6 +3,10 @@
 ## Introduction
 [Java Instrumentation API](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/instrument/Instrumentation.html) provides the ability to add byte-code to existing compiled Java classes.
 
+Java Instrumentation will give a demonstration of how powerful Java is. Most importantly, this power can be realized by a developer for innovative means.
+- For example using Java instrumentation, we can access a class that is loaded by the Java classloader from the JVM and modify its bytecode by inserting our custom code, all these done at runtime.
+- Don’t worry about security, these are governed by the same security context applicable for Java classes and respective classloaders.
+
 ## Key Components
 - Agent – is a jar file containing agent and transformer class files.
 - Agent Class – A java class file, containing a method named `premain`.

doc/source/jvm/index.rst

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ JVM
 Java Virtual Machine ( JVM )
 
 .. toctree::
-    :maxdepth: 2
+    :maxdepth: 3
     :numbered: 0
 
     jmxCollection
@@ -13,16 +13,5 @@ Java Virtual Machine ( JVM )
     jvmJdk7
     jvmJdk8
     jvmNote
-    UnderstandingTheJvm
-    UnderstandingTheJvm02
-    UnderstandingTheJvm03
-    UnderstandingTheJvm04
-    UnderstandingTheJvm05
-    UnderstandingTheJvm06
-    UnderstandingTheJvm07
-    UnderstandingTheJvm08
-    UnderstandingTheJvm09
-    UnderstandingTheJvm10
-    UnderstandingTheJvm11
-    UnderstandingTheJvm12
-    UnderstandingTheJvm13
+    jvms/index
+    understand-jvm/index

doc/source/jvm/jvms/index.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+JVM Specification
+===============================
+Java Virtual Machine Specification
+
+.. toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 3
+    :numbered: 0
+
+    jvms4

doc/source/jvm/jvms/jvms4.md

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+# Chapter 4. The class File Format
+
+## 4.1. The ClassFile Structure
+```
+ClassFile {
+    u4             magic;
+    u2             minor_version;
+    u2             major_version;
+    u2             constant_pool_count;
+    cp_info        constant_pool[constant_pool_count-1];
+    u2             access_flags;
+    u2             this_class;
+    u2             super_class;
+    u2             interfaces_count;
+    u2             interfaces[interfaces_count];
+    u2             fields_count;
+    field_info     fields[fields_count];
+    u2             methods_count;
+    method_info    methods[methods_count];
+    u2             attributes_count;
+    attribute_info attributes[attributes_count];
+}
+```
+
+## 4.3. Descriptors
+
+### 4.3.2. Field Descriptors
+
+FieldType term | Type | Interpretation
+---|---|---
+`B` | `byte` | signed byte
+`C` | `char` | Unicode character code point in the Basic Multilingual Plane, encoded with UTF-16
+`D` | `double` | double-precision floating-point value
+`F` | `float` | single-precision floating-point value
+`I` | `int` | integer
+`J` | `long` | long integer
+`L` ClassName ; | `reference` | an instance of class ClassName
+`S` | `short` | signed short
+`Z` | `boolean` | `true` or `false`
+`[` | `reference` | one array dimension
+
+## 4.4. The Constant Pool
+```
+cp_info {
+    u1 tag;
+    u1 info[];
+}
+```
+
+Constant Type | Value
+---|---
+`CONSTANT_Class` | 7
+`CONSTANT_Fieldref` | 9
+`CONSTANT_Methodref` | 10
+`CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref` | 11
+`CONSTANT_String` | 8
+`CONSTANT_Integer` | 3
+`CONSTANT_Float` | 4
+`CONSTANT_Long` | 5
+`CONSTANT_Double` | 6
+`CONSTANT_NameAndType` | 12
+`CONSTANT_Utf8` | 1
+`CONSTANT_MethodHandle` | 15
+`CONSTANT_MethodType` | 16
+`CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic` | 18
+
+## 4.5. Fields
+```
+field_info {
+    u2             access_flags;
+    u2             name_index;
+    u2             descriptor_index;
+    u2             attributes_count;
+    attribute_info attributes[attributes_count];
+}
+```
+
+Flag Name | Value | Interpretation
+---|---|---
+`ACC_PUBLIC` | 0x0001 | Declared `public`; may be accessed from outside its package.
+`ACC_PRIVATE` | 0x0002 | Declared `private`; usable only within the defining class.
+`ACC_PROTECTED` | 0x0004 | Declared `protected`; may be accessed within subclasses.
+`ACC_STATIC` | 0x0008 | Declared `static`.
+`ACC_FINAL` | 0x0010 | Declared `final`; never directly assigned to after object construction (JLS §17.5).
+`ACC_VOLATILE` | 0x0040 | Declared `volatile`; cannot be cached.
+`ACC_TRANSIENT` | 0x0080 | Declared `transient`; not written or read by a persistent object manager.
+`ACC_SYNTHETIC` | 0x1000 | Declared synthetic; not present in the source code.
+`ACC_ENUM` | 0x4000 | Declared as an element of an `enum`.
+
+## 4.6. Methods
+```
+method_info {
+    u2             access_flags;
+    u2             name_index;
+    u2             descriptor_index;
+    u2             attributes_count;
+    attribute_info attributes[attributes_count];
+}
+```
+
+Flag Name | Value | Interpretation
+---|---|---
+`ACC_PUBLIC` | 0x0001 | Declared `public`; may be accessed from outside its package.
+`ACC_PRIVATE` | 0x0002 | Declared `private`; accessible only within the defining class.
+`ACC_PROTECTED` | 0x0004 | Declared `protected`; may be accessed within subclasses.
+`ACC_STATIC` | 0x0008 | Declared `static`.
+`ACC_FINAL` | 0x0010 | Declared `final`; must not be overridden (§5.4.5).
+`ACC_SYNCHRONIZED` | 0x0020 | Declared `synchronized`; invocation is wrapped by a monitor use.
+`ACC_BRIDGE` | 0x0040 | A bridge method, generated by the compiler.
+`ACC_VARARGS` | 0x0080 | Declared with variable number of arguments.
+`ACC_NATIVE` | 0x0100 | Declared `native`; implemented in a language other than Java.
+`ACC_ABSTRACT` | 0x0400 | Declared `abstract`; no implementation is provided.
+`ACC_STRICT` | 0x0800 | Declared `strictfp`; floating-point mode is FP-strict.
+`ACC_SYNTHETIC` | 0x1000 | Declared synthetic; not present in the source code.
+
+## 4.7. Attributes
+```
+attribute_info {
+    u2 attribute_name_index;
+    u4 attribute_length;
+    u1 info[attribute_length];
+}
+```
+
+## References
+- [Chapter 4. The class File Format](https://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jvms/se8/html/jvms-4.html)

doc/source/jvm/understand-jvm/index.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+深入理解Java虚拟机
+===============================
+深入理解Java虚拟机：JVM高级特性与最佳实践
+
+.. toctree::
+    :maxdepth: 3
+    :numbered: 0
+
+    UnderstandingTheJvm
+    UnderstandingTheJvm02
+    UnderstandingTheJvm03
+    UnderstandingTheJvm04
+    UnderstandingTheJvm05
+    UnderstandingTheJvm06
+    UnderstandingTheJvm07
+    UnderstandingTheJvm08
+    UnderstandingTheJvm09
+    UnderstandingTheJvm10
+    UnderstandingTheJvm11
+    UnderstandingTheJvm12
+    UnderstandingTheJvm13

jdk8/src/main/java/t5750/asm/CustomClassWriter.java

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
 import t5750.asm.visitor.AddFieldAdapter;
 import t5750.asm.visitor.AddInterfaceAdapter;
 import t5750.asm.visitor.PublicizeMethodAdapter;
+import t5750.util.Global;
 
 public class CustomClassWriter {
-	private final static String CLASS_NAME = "java.lang.Integer";
 	private ClassReader reader;
 	private ClassWriter writer;
 	private AddFieldAdapter addFieldAdapter;
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ public class CustomClassWriter {
 
 	public CustomClassWriter() {
 		try {
-			reader = new ClassReader(CLASS_NAME);
+			reader = new ClassReader(Global.INTEGER);
 			writer = new ClassWriter(reader, 0);
 		} catch (IOException e) {
 			e.printStackTrace();

jdk8/src/main/java/t5750/instrument/Premain.java

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public static void premain(String agentArgs, Instrumentation inst) {
 		// CustomClassWriter cr = new CustomClassWriter(b);
 		// return cr.addField();
 		// }
-		// if (name.equals(AsmUtil.PATH_POINT)) {
+		// if (name.equals(Global.PATH_POINT)) {
 		// System.out.println("transform: " + name);
 		// }
 		// return b;

jdk8/src/main/java/t5750/module/log/util/LogUtil.java

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 package t5750.module.log.util;
 
+import t5750.util.Global;
+
 public class LogUtil {
-	public static final String METHOD_ANNOTATION = "t5750.module.log.annotation.ImportantLog";
+	public static final String METHOD_ANNOTATION = Global.T5750
+			+ ".module.log.annotation.ImportantLog";
 	public static final String ANNOTATION_ARRAY = "fields";
 	public static final String PATH_METHOD_ANNOTATION = METHOD_ANNOTATION
-			.replace(".", "/");
+			.replace(".", Global.JAVASSIST_SEPARATOR);
 	/**
 	 * Lt5750/module/log/annotation/ImportantLog;
 	 */

jdk8/src/main/java/t5750/util/FileUtil.java

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package t5750.util;
+
+import java.io.FileOutputStream;
+
+public class FileUtil {
+	public static void write(byte[] b, String name) {
+		try {
+			FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(name);
+			out.write(b);
+			out.close();
+		} catch (Exception e) {
+			e.printStackTrace();
+		}
+	}
+}

jdk8/src/main/java/t5750/util/Global.java

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package t5750.util;
+
+public class Global {
+	public static final String T5750 = "t5750";
+	/**
+	 * Javassist separator
+	 */
+	public static final String JAVASSIST_SEPARATOR = "/";
+	public static final String POINT = "java.awt.Point";
+	public static final String PATH_POINT = POINT.replace(".",
+			Global.JAVASSIST_SEPARATOR);
+	public static final String INTEGER = "java.lang.Integer";
+}

jdk8/src/test/java/t5750/asm/CustomClassWriterTest.java

@@ -1,8 +1,13 @@
 package t5750.asm;
 
+import java.io.File;
+
 import org.junit.Before;
 import org.junit.Test;
 
+import t5750.util.FileUtil;
+import t5750.util.Global;
+
 /**
  * 4. Working With the Event-based ASM API
  */
@@ -19,7 +24,9 @@ public void setup() {
 	 */
 	@Test
 	public void addField() throws Exception {
-		customClassWriter.addField();
+		byte[] b = customClassWriter.addField();
+		String integerClass = Global.T5750 + File.separator + "Integer.class";
+		FileUtil.write(b, integerClass);
 	}
 
 	/**

jdk8/src/test/java/t5750/javassist/ClassLoaderTest.java

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 import t5750.javassist.service.Hello;
 import t5750.javassist.service.impl.MyTranslator;
 import t5750.javassist.util.JavassistUtil;
+import t5750.util.Global;
 
 /**
  * 3. Class loader
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ public void javaClassLoader() throws Exception {
 	public void javassistLoader() throws Throwable {
 		Loader cl = new Loader(pool);
 		CtClass ct = pool.get(JavassistUtil.DOMAIN + "Rectangle");
-		ct.setSuperclass(pool.get(JavassistUtil.POINT));
+		ct.setSuperclass(pool.get(Global.POINT));
 		Class c = cl.loadClass(JavassistUtil.DOMAIN + "Rectangle");
 		Object rect = c.newInstance();
 		System.out.println(rect.toString());