[TASK] Upgrade doctrine/dbal package

Doctrine DBAL released a new bugfix version [1]
of the `doctrine/dbal` package, including a
required bugfix for TYPO3 v13 [2].

This change upgrades to `4.0.2` to ensure that
the bugfix [2] is included and all changes from
`3.8.1` up to `3.8.4`[3][4][5].

Used command(s):

> \
  composer req --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/redirects \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0.2" ; \
  composer req --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/core \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0.2" ; \
  composer req --no-update --no-install \
    -d typo3/sysext/install \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0.2" ; \
  composer req \
    "doctrine/dbal":"^4.0.2"

Note: The intermediate fix in our extended Platform
classes will be removed with a follow up commit.

[1] https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases/tag/4.0.2
[2] doctrine/dbal#6358
[3] https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases/tag/3.8.4
[4] https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases/tag/3.8.3
[5] https://github.com/doctrine/dbal/releases/tag/3.8.2

Resolves: #103729
Releases: main
Change-Id: Ie64a373f623ae102533661a44247aaac65e5a4d9
Reviewed-on: https://review.typo3.org/c/Packages/TYPO3.CMS/+/84024
Tested-by: core-ci <typo3@b13.com>
Reviewed-by: Benjamin Franzke <ben@bnf.dev>
Tested-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Reviewed-by: Stefan Bürk <stefan@buerk.tech>
Tested-by: Anja Leichsenring <aleichsenring@ab-softlab.de>
Reviewed-by: Anja Leichsenring <aleichsenring@ab-softlab.de>
Tested-by: Benjamin Franzke <ben@bnf.dev>

composer.json

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 		"sort-packages": true
 	},
 	"require": {
-		"doctrine/dbal": "^4.0",
+		"doctrine/dbal": "^4.0.2",
 		"guzzlehttp/promises": "^1.5.2 || ^2.0",
 		"nikic/php-parser": "^5.0.1",
 		"symfony/finder": "^7.0",