initial commit

.gitignore

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+dist
+.project_env.rc
+.path_progress
+*.rbc

README.rdoc

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+= EdgeCase Ruby Koans
+
+The Ruby Koans walk you along the path to enlightenment in order to learn Ruby.
+The goal is to learn the Ruby language, syntax, structure, and some common
+functions and libraries. We also teach you culture. Testing is not just something we
+pay lip service to, but something we live.  It is essential in your quest to learn
+and do great things in the language.
+
+== The Structure
+
+The koans are broken out into areas by file, hashes are covered in about_hashes.rb,
+modules are introduced in about_modules.rb, etc.  They are presented in order in the
+path_to_enlightenment.rb file.
+
+Each koan builds up your knowledge of Ruby and builds upon itself.  It will stop at
+the first place you need to correct.
+
+Some koans simply need to have the correct answer substituted for an incorrect one.
+Some, however, require you to supply your own answer.  If you see the method +__+ (a
+double underscore) listed, it is a hint to you to supply your own code in order to
+make it work correctly.
+
+== Installing Ruby
+
+If you do not have Ruby setup, please visit http://ruby-lang.org/en/downloads/ for
+operating specific instructions.  In order to run this you need ruby and rake
+installed. To check the installations simply type:
+
+*nix platforms from any terminal window:
+
+   [~] $ ruby --version
+   [~] $ rake --version
+
+Windows from the command prompt (cmd.exe)
+
+   c:\ruby --version
+   c:\rake --version
+
+If you don't have rake installed, just run `gem install rake`
+
+Any response for Ruby with a version number greater than 1.8 is fine (should be
+around 1.8.6 or more). Any version of rake will do.
+
+== The Path To Enlightenment
+
+You can run the tests through rake or by calling the file itself (rake is the
+recommended way to run them as we might build more functionality into this task).
+
+*nix platforms, from the koans directory
+
+    [ruby_koans] $ rake                           # runs the default target :walk_the_path
+    [ruby_koans] $ ruby path_to_enlightenment.rb  # simply call the file directly
+
+Windows is the same thing
+
+    c:\ruby_koans\rake                             # runs the default target :walk_the_path
+    c:\ruby_koans\ruby path_to_enlightenment.rb    # simply call the file directly
+
+=== Red, Green, Refactor
+
+In test-driven development the mantra has always been, red, green, refactor.  Write a
+failing test and run it (red), make the test pass (green), then refactor it (that is
+look at the code and see if you can make it any better.  In this case you will need
+to run the koan and see it fail (red), make the test pass (green), then take a
+moment and reflect upon the test to see what it is teaching you and improve the
+code to better communicate its intent (refactor).
+
+The very first time you run it you will see the following output:
+
+    [ ruby_koans ] $ rake
+    (in /Users/person/dev/ruby_koans)
+    cd koans
+
+    Thinking AboutAsserts
+      test_assert_truth has damaged your karma.
+
+    You have not yet reached enlightenment ...
+    <false> is not true.
+
+    Please meditate on the following code:
+    ./about_asserts.rb:10:in `test_assert_truth'
+    path_to_enlightenment.rb:27
+
+    mountains are merely mountains
+
+You have come to your first stage. If you notice it is telling you where to look for
+the first solution:
+
+    Please meditate on the following code:
+    ./about_asserts.rb:10:in `test_assert_truth'
+    path_to_enlightenment.rb:27
+
+We then open up the about_asserts.rb file and look at the first test:
+
+    # We shall contemplate truth by testing reality, via asserts.
+    def test_assert_truth
+      assert false                # This should be true
+    end
+
+We then change the +false+ to +true+ and run the test again.  After you are
+done, think about what you are learning.  In this case, ignore everything except
+the method name (+test_assert_truth+) and the parts inside the method (everything
+before the +end+).
+
+In this case the goal is for you to see that if you pass a value to the +assert+
+method, it will either ensure it is +true+ and continue on, or fail if in fact
+the statement is +false+.
+
+== Inspiration
+
+A special thanks to Mike Clark and Ara Howard for inspiring this
+project.  Mike Clark wrote an excellent blog post about learning Ruby
+through unit testing. This sparked an idea that has taken a bit to
+solidify, that of bringing new rubyists into the community through
+testing. Ara Howard then gave us the idea for the Koans in his ruby
+quiz entry on Meta Koans (a must for any rubyist wanting to improve
+their skills).  Also, "The Little Lisper" taught us all the value of
+the short questions/simple answers style of learning.
+
+Mike Clark's post ::  http://www.clarkware.com/cgi/blosxom/2005/03/18
+Meta Koans        ::  http://rubyquiz.com/quiz67.html
+The Little Lisper ::  http://www.amazon.com/Little-LISPer-Third-Daniel-Friedman/dp/0023397632
+
+== Other Resources
+
+The Ruby Language               ::  http://ruby-lang.org
+Try Ruby in your browser        ::  http://tryruby.org
+
+Dave Thomas' introduction to Ruby Programming Ruby (the Pick Axe) ::  http://pragprog.com/titles/ruby/programming-ruby
+
+Brian Marick's fantastic guide for beginners Everyday Scripting with Ruby    ::  http://pragprog.com/titles/bmsft/everyday-scripting-with-ruby
+
+= Other stuff
+
+Author         :: Jim Weirich <jim@weirichhouse.org>
+Author         :: Joe O'Brien <joe@edgecase.com>
+Issue Tracker  :: http://www.pivotaltracker.com/projects/48111
+Requires       :: Ruby 1.8.x or later and Rake (any recent version)
+
+= License
+
+http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/3.0/88x31.png
+
+RubyKoans is released under a Creative Commons,
+Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike, Version 3.0
+(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/) License.

Rakefile

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+#!/usr/bin/env ruby
+# -*- ruby -*-
+
+require 'rake/clean'
+require 'rake/rdoctask'
+
+SRC_DIR      = 'src'
+PROB_DIR     = 'koans'
+DIST_DIR     = 'dist'
+
+SRC_FILES = FileList["#{SRC_DIR}/*"]
+KOAN_FILES = SRC_FILES.pathmap("#{PROB_DIR}/%f")
+
+today    = Time.now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d")
+TAR_FILE = "#{DIST_DIR}/rubykoans-#{today}.tgz"
+ZIP_FILE = "#{DIST_DIR}/rubykoans-#{today}.zip"
+
+CLEAN.include("**/*.rbc")
+CLOBBER.include(DIST_DIR)
+
+module Koans
+  # Remove solution info from source
+  #   __(a,b)     => __
+  #   _n_(number) => __
+  #   # __        =>
+  def Koans.remove_solution(line)
+    line = line.gsub(/\b____\([^\)]+\)/, "____")
+    line = line.gsub(/\b___\([^\)]+\)/, "___")
+    line = line.gsub(/\b__\([^\)]+\)/, "__")
+    line = line.gsub(/\b_n_\([^\)]+\)/, "_n_")
+    line = line.gsub(%r(/\#\{__\}/), "/__/")
+    line = line.gsub(/\s*#\s*__\s*$/, '')
+    line
+  end
+
+  def Koans.make_koan_file(infile, outfile)
+    if infile =~ /edgecase/
+      cp infile, outfile
+    elsif infile =~ /autotest/
+      cp_r infile, outfile
+    else
+      open(infile) do |ins|
+        open(outfile, "w") do |outs|
+          state = :copy
+          ins.each do |line|
+            state = :skip if line =~ /^ *#--/
+            case state
+            when :copy
+              outs.puts remove_solution(line)
+            else
+              # do nothing
+            end
+            state = :copy if line =~ /^ *#\+\+/
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+module RubyImpls
+  # Calculate the list of relevant Ruby implementations.
+  def self.find_ruby_impls
+    rubys = `rvm list`.gsub(/=>/,'').split(/\n/).sort
+    expected.map { |impl|
+      last = rubys.grep(Regexp.new(Regexp.quote(impl))).last
+      last ? last.split.first : nil
+    }.compact
+  end
+
+  # Return a (cached) list of relevant Ruby implementations.
+  def self.list
+    @list ||= find_ruby_impls
+  end
+
+  # List of expected ruby implementations.
+  def self.expected
+    %w(ruby-1.8.6 ruby-1.8.7 ruby-1.9.2 jruby ree)
+  end
+end
+
+task :default => :walk_the_path
+
+task :walk_the_path do
+  cd 'koans'
+  ruby 'path_to_enlightenment.rb'
+end
+
+Rake::RDocTask.new do |rd|
+  rd.main = "README.rdoc"
+  rd.rdoc_files.include("README.rdoc", "koans/*.rb")
+end
+
+directory DIST_DIR
+directory PROB_DIR
+
+file ZIP_FILE => KOAN_FILES + [DIST_DIR] do
+  sh "zip #{ZIP_FILE} #{PROB_DIR}/*"
+end
+
+file TAR_FILE => KOAN_FILES + [DIST_DIR] do
+  sh "tar zcvf #{TAR_FILE} #{PROB_DIR}"
+end
+
+desc "Create packaged files for distribution"
+task :package => [TAR_FILE, ZIP_FILE]
+
+desc "Upload the package files to the web server"
+task :upload => [TAR_FILE, ZIP_FILE] do
+  sh "scp #{TAR_FILE} linode:sites/onestepback.org/download"
+  sh "scp #{ZIP_FILE} linode:sites/onestepback.org/download"
+end
+
+desc "Generate the Koans from the source files from scratch."
+task :regen => [:clobber_koans, :gen]
+
+desc "Generate the Koans from the changed source files."
+task :gen => KOAN_FILES + [PROB_DIR + "/README.rdoc"]
+task :clobber_koans do
+  rm_r PROB_DIR
+end
+
+file PROB_DIR + "/README.rdoc" => "README.rdoc" do |t|
+  cp "README.rdoc", t.name
+end
+
+SRC_FILES.each do |koan_src|
+  file koan_src.pathmap("#{PROB_DIR}/%f") => [PROB_DIR, koan_src] do |t|
+    Koans.make_koan_file koan_src, t.name
+  end
+end
+
+task :run do
+  puts 'koans'
+  Dir.chdir("src") do
+    puts "in #{Dir.pwd}"
+    sh "ruby path_to_enlightenment.rb"
+  end
+end
+
+
+desc "Pre-checkin tests (=> run_all)"
+task :cruise => :run_all
+
+desc "Run the completed koans againts a list of relevant Ruby Implementations"
+task :run_all do
+  results = []
+  RubyImpls.list.each do |impl|
+    puts "=" * 40
+    puts "On Ruby #{impl}"
+    sh "rvm #{impl} rake run"
+    results << [impl, "RAN"]
+    puts
+  end
+  puts "=" * 40
+  puts "Summary:"
+  puts
+  results.each do |impl, res|
+    puts "#{impl} => RAN"
+  end
+  puts
+  RubyImpls.expected.each do |requested_impl|
+    impl_pattern = Regexp.new(Regexp.quote(requested_impl))
+    puts "No Results for #{requested_impl}" unless results.detect { |x| x.first =~ impl_pattern }
+  end
+end

koans/GREED_RULES.txt

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+= Playing Greed
+
+Greed is a dice game played among 2 or more players, using 5
+six-sided dice.
+
+== Playing Greed
+
+Each player takes a turn consisting of one or more rolls of the dice.
+On the first roll of the game, a player rolls all five dice which are
+scored according to the following:
+
+  Three 1's => 1000 points
+  Three 6's =>  600 points
+  Three 5's =>  500 points
+  Three 4's =>  400 points
+  Three 3's =>  300 points
+  Three 2's =>  200 points
+  One   1   =>  100 points
+  One   5   =>   50 points
+
+A single die can only be counted once in each roll.  For example,
+a "5" can only count as part of a triplet (contributing to the 500
+points) or as a single 50 points, but not both in the same roll.
+
+Example Scoring
+
+   Throw       Score
+   ---------   ------------------
+   5 1 3 4 1   50 + 2 * 100 = 250
+   1 1 1 3 1   1000 + 100 = 1100
+   2 4 4 5 4   400 + 50 = 450
+
+The dice not contributing to the score are called the non-scoring
+dice.  "3" and "4" are non-scoring dice in the first example.  "3" is
+a non-scoring die in the second, and "2" is a non-score die in the
+final example.
+
+After a player rolls and the score is calculated, the scoring dice are
+removed and the player has the option of rolling again using only the
+non-scoring dice. If all of the thrown dice are scoring, then the
+player may roll all 5 dice in the next roll.
+
+The player may continue to roll as long as each roll scores points. If
+a roll has zero points, then the player loses not only their turn, but
+also accumulated score for that turn. If a player decides to stop
+rolling before rolling a zero-point roll, then the accumulated points
+for the turn is added to his total score.
+
+== Getting "In The Game"
+
+Before a player is allowed to accumulate points, they must get at
+least 300 points in a single turn. Once they have achieved 300 points
+in a single turn, the points earned in that turn and each following
+turn will be counted toward their total score.
+
+== End Game
+
+Once a player reaches 3000 (or more) points, the game enters the final
+round where each of the other players gets one more turn. The winner
+is the player with the highest score after the final round.
+
+== References
+
+Greed is described on Wikipedia at
+http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greed_(dice_game), however the rules are
+a bit different from the rules given here.