junit-selenium-fw

Junit Based Automation Framework for Beginners

1. Branch: first-test-case-without-pom

Learning Objective:

• Basic Maven Project
  
• POM File
  
• Basic Selenium Test

• Create a Maven Project
• Add below dependency in the POM file:

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId>
            <artifactId>selenium-java</artifactId>
            <version>3.141.59</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• Create package under test.java with name as testcases
• Create a Test Class: test.java.testcases.RunTest
• Add test case to invoke the browser and navigate to the amazon.in web site
• Note that @Test annotation is used to invoke the test cases. This annotation is provided to us by Junit library which we have added.
• Also Note annotation @Before @After.
• All the annotation which has @Before annotated method will execute before every test.
• All the annotation which has @After annotated method will execute after every test.

import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeDriver;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;

public class TC_ClassFile1 {

    WebDriver driver;
    String base_url = "https://amazon.in/";
    int implicit_wait_timeout_in_sec = 20;

    //This method will execute before every Test method
    //Since, we need to invoke Browser for every test case, we will use this annotation to have driver init steps
    @Before 
    public void set_up(){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(implicit_wait_timeout_in_sec, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @Test
    public void t_01_check_website_is_working(){
        driver.get(base_url);
        String expected = "amazon";
        String actual =driver.getTitle();
        Assert.assertEquals("Page Title validation",expected,actual);
    }
    
    //This method will execute after the end of each @Test annotated method.
    @After
    public void clean_up(){
        driver.quit();
    }
}

2. Branch: 2-test-base-second-test-case

Learning Objective:

• Inheritance: Test Base Class
  
• Explicit Wait

• In this next enhancement we are making using of inheritance concept i.e. use of TestBase Class
• All the reusable component can be shifted to this class and all the TestCase Class will inherit this TestBase class.
• So you can make use of TestBase Class whenever you wish to create a new Test Class.
• In this case we have two test class and both inheriting the TestBase class.

//Test Base class
package base;

import org.junit.After;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;

public class TestBase {
    protected WebDriver driver; //this should never be static, if made static parallel exec of classes not possible
    protected final static String base_url = "https://amazon.in";
    protected final static int implicit_wait_timeout_in_sec = 20;
}

• Please notice extends keyword in Test Classes
• This is how we can make use of methods and variables in the Parent Class which in this case is TestBase class.
• Driver is declared in the Base Class and can be used in Child Classes.
• This brings reusability and maintainability of code.

public class TestCases_1 extends TestBase {

    @Before
    public void set_up(){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(implicit_wait_timeout_in_sec, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

public class TestCases_2 extends TestBase {

    @Before
    public void set_up(){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(implicit_wait_timeout_in_sec, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

• Add another test case for search.
• Notice the Sync i.e. web driver wait WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver,20);
• After a product is searched, we need to instruct the Selenium to wait for specific condition before proceeding to the next step.
• This is called as "Explicit Wait" i.e. we are explicitly instructing the java script to wait for Element to be clickable.

    @Test
    public void t_02_search_for_product() {
        driver.get(base_url);
        String expected = "Online Shopping site in India: Shop Online for Mobiles, Books, Watches, Shoes and More - Amazon.in";
        String actual =driver.getTitle();
        Assert.assertEquals("Page Title validation",expected,actual);

        //Wait and Search for product
        WebDriverWait webDriverWait = new WebDriverWait(driver,20);
        WebElement elementSearchBox = webDriverWait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("twotabsearchtextbox")));

        elementSearchBox.sendKeys("Laptop");
        driver.findElement(By.xpath("//input[@value='Go']")).click();

        //Wait for title
        WebDriverWait webDriverWait1 = new WebDriverWait(driver,20);
        webDriverWait1.until(ExpectedConditions.titleIs("Amazon.in : Laptop"));

        //Assertion for Page Title
        Assert.assertEquals("Page Title validation","Amazon.in : Laptop", driver.getTitle());
    }

3. Branch: 3-move-setup-cleanup-in-base

Learning Objective:

• Inheritance: Move @Before, @After Annotation to Base Class

• Move @Before and @After in the TestBase Class since it was getting repeated in both the test classes.
• Notice that Set up and clean up methods are not repeated in classes and is being reused from the TestBase class.

public class TestBase {
    protected WebDriver driver; //this should never be static, if made static parallel exec of classes not possible
    protected final static String base_url = "https://amazon.in";
    protected final static int implicit_wait_timeout_in_sec = 20;

    @Before
    public void set_up(){
        driver = new ChromeDriver();
        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(implicit_wait_timeout_in_sec, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    @After
    public void clean_up(){
        driver.quit();
    }

}

4. Branch: 4-impl-webdriver-factory

Learning Objective:

• Web Driver factory implementation

• Web Driver factory is implemented to handle Web Driver object initialization.
• Factory method is used a centralized way of creating driver object.
• It comes handy to manage cross browser automation.
• WebDriverFactory class is added under core pacakage.
• getWebDriverForBrowser can be used to get the browser. It accepts argument as "Browse". Pass chrome or mozilla to get the required driver object.

public class WebDriverFactory {

    private static WebDriver driver=null;
    public static WebDriver getWebDriverForBrowser(String browser) throws Exception {
        switch(browser.toLowerCase()){
            case "chrome":
                driver = new ChromeDriver();
                break;
            case "firefox":
                driver = new FirefoxDriver();
                break;
            default:
                throw new Exception("No such browser is implemented.Browser name sent: " + browser);
        }

        driver.manage().window().maximize();
        driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(20, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
        return driver;
    }
}

• Use WebDriver Factory to get the Driver object instead of driver = new ChromeDriver()

public class TestBase {
    protected WebDriver driver; //this should never be static, if made static parallel exec of classes not possible
    protected final static String base_url = "https://amazon.in";

    @Before
    public void set_up(){
        try{
            //Use WebDriver Factory to get the Driver object instead of driver = new ChromeDriver()
            driver = WebDriverFactory.getWebDriverForBrowser("chrome");
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            Assert.fail("Incorrect Browser Sent. Check the Stack Trace");
        }
    }

    @After
    public void clean_up(){
        driver.quit();
    }
}

5. Branch: 5-send-browser-info-from-mvn-cmd-line

Learning Objective:

• Send Browser information from maven command line
  
• mvn clean test -Dbrowser=chrome
  
• mvn clean test -Dbrowser=firefox

• Same test case should be capable of executing in multiple browsers.
• But to run the test case on different browser, code should not be modified in any way.
• Browser setting should be configurable from outside of the Framework.
• One of the way to pass browser argument is via command line argument.
• In below code, method getBrowserName is created to pick or sense the command line argument.
• If there is any argument being sent from command line, for example, mvn clean test -Dbrowser=chrome, it will be captured in the java environment variable.
• Enviroment Variable browser will store the value as chrome and can be used with-in the code.
• This statement, String browserSentFromCmd = System.getProperty("browser"); stores the "chrome" sent from cmd line and saves it in the variable browserSentFromCmd

public class TestBase {
    protected WebDriver driver; //this should never be static, if made static parallel exec of classes not possible
    protected final static String base_url = "https://amazon.in";

    private String getBrowserName(){
        String browserDefault = "chrome"; //Set by default
        String browserSentFromCmd = System.getProperty("browser");
        //mvn clean install -Dbrowser=safari
        //browserSentFromCmd = safari
        if (browserSentFromCmd==null){
            return browserDefault;
        }else{
            return browserSentFromCmd;
        }
    }

    @Before
    public void set_up(){
        String browser = getBrowserName();
        try{
            driver = WebDriverFactory.getWebDriverForBrowser(browser);
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
            Assert.fail("Browser Initialization failed. Check the Stack Trace. " + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    @After
    public void clean_up(){
        driver.quit();
    }
}