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Welcome to the NEON-Integrated-Model wiki! This wiki entails the documentation behind the NEON Integrated model. This model replicates the Dutch energy system. Users can simulate and investigate different transition pathways towards a renewable energy system in 2050.
The model has been made in the context of the NEON Research program at the Eindhoven University of Technology. For further questions get in contact with Naud Loomans
The goal of the model is to get an improved overview of the energy transition, to inform researchers and decision makers in getting towards a sustainable energy system. This is done in three key points
- Sector-coupling - coupling all demand sectors and generation types across domains (built environment, transport, industry and agriculture) and energy carriers (heat, electricity and (e-)fuels).
- The second is to investigate adoption and diffusion dynamics looking at transition theories. This includes aspects like feedback loops, lock-ins and no-regret options.
- These transition theories include stakeholder agency and behavior. Taking these into account as endogenous factors in a model is essential to investigate the potential of future renewable energy strategies.
- The energy transition is shaped on different levels, from global learning curves to local spatial planning. The model will explicitly outline the effects of these scales and combine multiple scales of action.
A multi-method modelling approach is taken based on an agent-based structure. That means the model has the flexibility and object-oriented design of agent-based modelling, but when high level developments are better expressed using system dynamics or agents encounter small linear optimization problems these methods are also used.
The agent-based structure enables an easy integration of complex dynamics in the energy transition. Agents can be both consumers and producers of energy, they have a location which determines their energy yield or mobility demand, and they can reflect heterogenous stakeholder agency. All agents will be described in more detail in this model documentation.
Energy demand is covered in agents representing individual technologies and components. These agents simulate bottom up a representative subset of the entire population. For example the population of cars is divided in representative amounts of different car types (BEV, ICE, FCEV, PHEV), with representative driving behaviour. The driving behaviour is used to generate realistic energy consumption patterns, and ensure realistic behaviour when using flexibility options such as smart charging or vehicle-to-grid charging. The energy demand of the representative agent-population is than multiplied with the actual number of this object in the required geographical area. Currently this is done on provincial level.
Supply agents exist in two categories, utility scale technologies and commercial technologies. The utility scale technologies are all actual units of a given sort in the Netherlands, and potential future units as well. These include the exact location and characteristics such as type, fuel mix and capacity.