Java Developer VM Example

A simple example for a Chef-managed Java developer VM, based on the linux-developer-vm template.

What's included?

Main tools

The Java Developer VM is based on Ubuntu 16.04 and includes:

• ChefDK 3.9.0 - for managing / installing this developer VM
• OpenJDK 11.0.4 - obviously we need Java
• Maven 3.6.1 - a build and dependency management system for Java
• Eclipse 4.12 - the popular Java IDE

Tweaks and Settings

Other tweaks and settings worth mentioning:

• makes sure the JAVA_HOME environment variable is set properly
• places a README.md file on the Desktop to guide first time users after they logged in to the VM
• symlinks update-vm.sh to /usr/local/bin/update-vm so it's in the $PATH and can be used for updating the VM from the inside (see below)

Usage

Obtaining and Starting the VM Image

The latest version of this developer VM can be downloaded as a VM image from here:

• https://github.com/Zuehlke/java-developer-vm/releases

After downloading the .ova file you can import it into VirtualBox via File -> Import Appliance.... Once imported, you can simply start the VM and log in:

• username: "vagrant"
• password: "vagrant"

From then on just open a terminal and you will have all of the tools available (see "What's included?").

Updating the VM

You can run these commands from anywhere inside the developer VM:

• update-vm - update the VM by applying the Chef recipes from the locally checked out repo at ~/vm-setup
• update-vm --pull - same as above, but update repo before by pulling the latest changes
• update-vm --verify-only - don't update the VM, only run the Serverspec tests
• update-vm --provision-only - don't run the Serverspec tests, only update the vm

Keyboard Layout and Locale Settings

The VM ships with a full US keyboard layout and en_US.UTF-8 locale by default.

To change the keyboard layout to your preferred language use System Settings... -> Text Entry in the VM.

If you have a totally different keymap (e.g. on a MacBook) you can always reconfigure it:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure keyboard-configuration

If want to reconfigure the locale:

sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

Development

Prerequisites

You only need VirtualBox and Vagrant installed.

All other requirements, including with ChefDK will be installed inside the Vagrant VM during provisioning, i.e. you don't need them installed on your host machine.

Basic Development Workflow

Bring up the developer VM:

$ vagrant up

This will take a while, as it will do quite a few things inside the VM:

1. Download and install ChefDK
2. Copy the current directory into the VM (will be placed in ~/vm-setup)
3. Install cookbook dependencies via Berkshelf to ~/vm-setup/cookbooks/vm/cookbooks
4. Trigger a Chef-Zero run to apply the ~/vm-setup/cookbooks/vm/recipes to the VM (see "What's included?")
5. Verify the installation using a set of Serverspec tests

Watch the vagrant output on the console for seeing progress. At the end you should see all tests passing:

...
    default: vm::base
    default:   places a README on the Desktop
    default:
    default: vm::eclipse
    default:   installs Eclipse 4.12 (2019-06)
    default:
    default: vm::java
    default:   installs OpenJDK version 11.0.4
    default:   sets JAVA_HOME correctly
    default:
    default: vm::maven
    default:   installs Maven 3.6.1
    default:
    default: update-vm.sh
    default:   installs chefdk 3.9.0
    default:   symlinks the update-vm script to /usr/local/bin/
    default:
    default: Finished in 1.11 seconds (files took 0.40784 seconds to load)
    default: 7 examples, 0 failures

If these are passing as expected, you can continue developing on the Chef recipes within this repo. Please don't forget to add a test for each new feature you add (see "Contributing")

Packaging

Whenever you feel like distributing a fat VM image rather than a Vagrantfile, you can package / export it as a VirtualBox image. This might be useful for distributing the initial version of the developer VM to your dev team, or simply for preserving checkpoint releases as a binary images.

Let's start from a clean state:

$ vagrant destroy -f
$ vagrant up

This will provision the VM as usual. Once the provisioning succeeded, we will do a few cleanup steps before packaging the VM.

First, unmount the /vagrant shared folder:

$ vagrant ssh -c "sudo umount /vagrant -f"

Finally, shutdown the VM, remove the sharedfolder, and export the VM as an .ova file:

$ vagrant halt
$ VBoxManage sharedfolder remove "Java Developer VM" --name "vagrant"
$ VBoxManage modifyvm "Java Developer VM" --name "Java Developer VM v0.1.0"
$ VBoxManage export "Java Developer VM v0.1.0" --output "java-developer-vm-v0.1.0.ova" --options manifest,nomacs

Don't forget to throw away the VM when you are done:

$ vagrant destroy -f

Contributing

1. Fork the repository on Github
2. Create a named feature branch (like feature/add-xyz)
3. Implement your changes, add tests
4. Commit and push
5. Submit a Pull Request via Github