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An Extendable Modular IoT Remote I/O System for Smart Buildings – Master’s degree thesis project (2021).

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An extendable modular IoT remote I/O system for smart buildings

DOI:

DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.14999.91040

Public Full-text: https://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.14999.91040

Abstract

This thesis explored the studies and the implementation of a low-cost, customizable and extendable remote I/O system that allows the access to GPIO and I2C using MQTT protocol over TLS using ECC-based PKI on a low-power single-board computer (SBC) that runs GNU/Linux OS. As a service, it was implemented using Python programming language that follows a proposed MQTT communication and grouping schema for security and isolation to run on multiple machines in the network. This work provides maintenance, diagnostics and optimization facts discovered during the design of this Internet of Things (IoT) system. In addition to the efforts for security, using free and open-source software (FOSS) components was a priority for digital sovereignty, and also to avoid the obligations/affiliation to certain proprietary practices. Finally, a demonstration of integrating it with a home automation platform has been added, so that the end-user can have a customizable user-interface (UI), and to enable automation with other devices and/or systems.

Keywords: communication, network, IoT, MQTT protocol, automation, digital sovereignty.

Introduction

As a result of the enormous efforts to improve the quality and comfort of life, humans are creative in making machines to assist, and/or completely automate tasks. Some of those machines do relate to each other to request tasks that are not possible to perform in a standalone mode because of their capabilities limits at doing mechanical actions, sensing physical values, or data communication.

Therefore, automation and remote control of machines and devices become noticeable in modern buildings and industrial environments like factories and large farms, which lead to new technical terms and areas of study that merge electrical/electronics engineering, computer science and networking. It's therefore very likely that personnels and researchers in any of those disciplines have come across projects that connect embedded systems to each other under the term Internet of Things (IoT) to manage or control vehicles, or machines/devices. But connecting stuff or things together exposed serious weaknesses in human experience of implementing and connecting safe, robust, and secure systems together. And that is a primary goal of this thesis, the design and implementation of IoT systems for buildings should focus better on the safety and security, there have been many accidents and cyber security incidents because of the low safety standards, and the lack of enforcing them in the design process.

This thesis will discuss the design of an extendable, low-cost general-purpose IoT system to manage and control appliances in buildings or farms to achieve automation capabilities with an acceptable efficiency on heterogeneous environments while considering the user-experience (UX), cybersecurity, and the user digital sovereignty by using free (libre) technologies much as possible in software, hardware, and networking protocols.

Acknowledgement

I would like to thank the whole opensource software community for providing amazing set of tools and voluntary technical support which without it this work wouldn't have been brought out in this form.

All products or services mentioned in this thesis are the trademarks or service marks of their respective companies or organizations.

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An Extendable Modular IoT Remote I/O System for Smart Buildings – Master’s degree thesis project (2021).

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