perf: write unbiased residual for each track state

[XiaocongAi]

This PR calculates the unbiased residual for track state using smoothed track parameters and measurement according to Eq.(12a)-Eq.(12c) in NIMA 262, 444, which can be used to validate the performance of alignment algorithm. This is implemented in the RootTrajectoryStatesWriter instead of a functionality in the Core as all the ingredients for the calculation are available in the KalmanFiltterResult.

This does not change any public API as defined in docs/versioning.rst.

[AJPfleger]

lgtm!
Maybe you can change the (c) in line 3 of both files to `2019-2023

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Merging #2238 (c21fc44) into main (342899b) will not change coverage.
The diff coverage is 0.00%.

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main    #2238   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   49.57%   49.57%           
=======================================
  Files         453      453           
  Lines       25513    25513           
  Branches    11707    11707           
=======================================
  Hits        12649    12649           
  Misses       4579     4579           
  Partials     8285     8285           

Files Changed	Coverage Δ
...nclude/Acts/Utilities/GaussianMixtureReduction.hpp	38.46% <0.00%> (ø)

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[github-actions]

📊: Physics performance monitoring for c21fc44

Full contents

physmon summary

• ✅ Ambisolver orthogonal
• ✅ Ambisolver seeded
• ✅ Ambisolver
• ✅ AMVF orthogonal
• ✅ AMVF seeded
• ✅ AMVF truth_estimated
• ✅ AMVF truth_smeared
• ✅ AMVF ttbar
• ✅ CKF orthogonal
• ✅ CKF seeded
• ✅ CKF truth_estimated
• ✅ CKF truth_smeared
• ✅ CKF ttbar
• ✅ Truth tracking (GSF)
• ✅ IVF orthogonal
• ✅ IVF seeded
• ✅ IVF truth_estimated
• ✅ IVF truth_smeared
• ✅ Particles final fatras
• ✅ Particles final geant4
• ✅ Particles inital fatras
• ✅ Particles inital geant4
• ✅ Seeding orthogonal
• ✅ Seeding seeded
• ✅ Seeding truth_estimated
• ✅ Seeding ttbar
• ✅ Track Summary CKF orthogonal
• ✅ Track Summary CKF seeded
• ✅ Track Summary CKF truth_estimated
• ✅ Track Summary CKF truth_smeared
• ✅ Truth tracking

[paulgessinger]

I think we expect these not to show up in the physmon output, since we don't currently monitor the hit residuals.

Invalidated by push of e7d7af2

[paulgessinger]

I resolve the conflicts and bumped the copyright. This also looks good from my side. Can you reapprove @AJPfleger?

[paulgessinger]

This fails due to FPEs and reference output changes.

Invalidated by push of 30be040

[kodiakhq]

This PR currently has a merge conflict. Please resolve this and then re-add the automerge label.

Invalidated by push of 5d41203

[acts-project-service]

🔴 Athena integration test results

🔴 Some tests have failed!

Please investigate the pipeline!

status	job
🟢	run_unit_tests
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsWorkflow.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsValidateTracks.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsValidateActsCoreSpacePoints.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsValidateActsSpacePoints.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsValidateSeeds.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsValidateOrthogonalSeeds.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsValidateClusters.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsPersistifyEDM.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: ../athena/AtlasTest/CITest/test/ActsKfRefitting.sh
🟢	run_ci_tests: python3 ../athena/Tracking/Acts/ActsGeometry/test/ActsExtrapolationAlgTest.py
🟢	run_ci_tests: python3 ../athena/Tracking/Acts/ActsGeometry/test/ActsITkTest.py
🟢	run_workflow_tests_run4_mc
🟢	run_workflow_tests_run2_mc
🔴	run_workflow_tests_run2_data
🟢	run_workflow_tests_run3_mc
🔴	run_workflow_tests_run3_data