Software Engineer Roadmap

As a Software Engineer I've been facing the same dilemma when deciding what I should learn to improve my skills and learn new things. There's no a right or wrong answer, but I started to dig more about what I should learn that I could improve and evolve in my career.

Based on very good books and articles, I created a Software Engineer Roadmap, that have helping me to keep track of my learning and give me the big picture of the hole key points I should learn.

1. Checklist of Learning

To have the control of what I learned and how many times I visited a specific topic, I include a number inside square brackets before the topic`s name. This number will be increased every time I revisited the topic. If the learning generate any artefact, a link will be included in the topic as in the example below :

[1] Some Topic

1.1. Study Guide

I included the file Study_Guide.txt. Is the starting point every time a I decide to start studyng something.

2. Algorithm & Data Structure

2.1. Algorithms

[1] Breadth-First Search
[1] Depth-First Search
Binary Search
Merge Sort
Quick Sort

2.2. Datastructures

[1] LinkedList
[1] Trees
[1] Tries
[1] Graphs
Stacks
Queues
[1] Heaps
Vectors
ArrayLists
Hash Tables

2.3. Concepts

Bit Manipulation
Memory (Stack vs Heap)
Recursion
Dynamic Programming
Big O Time & Space

3. Software Architecture

3.1. Programming Paradigms

[1] Structured Programing
Functional Programing
[1] Object-oriented Programing

3.2. ¹Design Patterns (Solve a localised problem)

3.2.1. Creational

3.2.2. Structural

3.2.2. Behavioral

[1] Chain of Responsability
[1] Command
Interpreter
Iterator
Mediator
Memento
Observer
State
Strategy
Template Method
Visitor

3.3. ²Enterprise Integration Patterns (Solve the problems related to the integration between systems)

3.3.1. Messaging

[1] Message Channel
Message
[1] Pipes and Filters
[1] Message Router
[1] Message Translator
[1] Message Endpoint

3.3.3. Message Construction

Command Message
Document Message
Event Message
Request-Reply
Return Address
Correlation Identifier
Message Sequence
Message Expiration
Format Indicator

3.3.4. Message Router

Content-Based Router
Message Filter
Dynamic Router
Recipient List
Splitter
Aggregator
Resequencer
Composed Message Processor
Scatter-Gather
Routing Slip
Process Manager
Message Broker

3.3.5. Message Transformation

Envelope Wrapper
Content Enricher
Content Filter
Claim Check
Normalizer
Canonical Data Model

3.3.6. Message Endpoint

Messaging Gateway
Messaging Mapper
Transactional Client
Polling Consumer
Event-Driven Consumer
Competing Consumers
Message Dispatcher
Selective Consumer
Durable Subscriber
Idempotent Receiver
Service Activator

3.3.6. System Management

Control Bus
Detour
Wire Tap
Message History
Message Store
Smart Proxy
Test Message
Channel Purger

3.4. ³Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture (POSA)

3.4.1. Software architecture

[1] Domain model
[1] Layers
[1] Model-View-Controller
[1] Presentation-Abstraction-Control
[1] Microkernel
[1] Reflection
[1] Shared repository
[1] Blackboard
[1] Domain object

3.4.2. Distribution Infrastructure

[1] Publisher-subscriber
[1] Message Broker
[1] Client proxy
[1] Requestor
[1] Invoker
[1] Client request handler
[1] Server request handler

3.4.3. Adaptation and execution

[1] Object Adapter
[1] Interceptor
[1] Execute-Around Object
[1] Null Object
[1] Wrapper Facade
[1] Declarative component configuration

3.4.4. Resource management

[1] Container
[1] Component Configurator
[1] Object manager
[1] Lookup
[1] Virtual Proxy
[1] Lifecycle callback
[1] Task coordinator
[1] Resource pool
[1] Resource cache
[1] Lazy Acquisition
[1] Eager Acquisition
[1] Partial Acquisition
[1] Activator
[1] Evictor
[1] Leasing
[1] Automated Garbage Collection
[1] Counting Handle
[1] Disposal Method

3.4.5. Database access

[1] Database Access Layer
[1] Data mapper
[1] Row Data Gateway
[1] Table Data Gateway
[1] Active Record

3.5. Enterprise Patterns

[1] Transaction Script
[1] Data Transfer Object (DTO)
[1] Identity Maps
[1] Interactors
[1] Use Cases
[1] Repositories
[1] Comands/Queries (CommandQuerySeparation)
[1] Value Object
[1] Entities
[1] Object/Relational mapping (ORM)

3.6. Archtectural Principles

[1] Policy(What should happen and when) vs Detail(Implementation of Policies)
[1] Coupling & cohesion (high cohesion + low coupling)
[1] Composition over inheritance
[1] Encapsulate what varies
[1] Program against abstractions
[1] Holiwood principle (Don't call me, I you call you.)
[1] Don't Repeat Yourself (DRY)
[1] You aren't gonna need it (YAGNI)
[1] Keep it simple, Stupid (KISS)
[1] Law of Demeter
[1] TellDontAsk

3.6.1. Package Cohesion Principles

[1] Reuse-Release Equivalent Principle (REP)
[1] Common-Reuse Principle (CCP)
[1] Common-Clojure Principle (CRP)

3.6.2. Package Coupling Principles

[1] Acyclic Dependency Principle (ADP)
[1] Stable-Dependencies Principle (SDP)
[1] Stable-Abstractions Princple (SAP)

3.6.3. SOLID

[1] Single Responsability Principle (SRP)
[1] Open Close Principle (OCP)
[1] Liskov Substitution Principle (LSP)
[1] Interface Segragation Principle (ISP)
[1] Dependency Inversion Principle (DIP)

3.7. Archtectural Styles (How to organize our code - Application design at the highest level of abstraction)

3.7.1. Structural

[1] Component-based
[1] Monolithic
[1] Layered

3.7.2. Messaging

[1] Event-Driven
[1] Publish-Subscribe

3.7.2. Distributed

[1] Client-Server
[1] Peer-to-peer

3.8. Archtectural Patterns (Solve the problems related to the Architectural Style - a way to implement an Architectural Style)

[1] CQRS
[1] Event Sourcing
[1] Domain-Driven Design
[1] Hexagonal Archtecture (Archtecture Design Pattern)
[1] Sagas
[1] Software Orchestrated
[1] Software Choreography
[1] Message Queues
[1] Event Streaming
[1] Blackboard pattern
[1] Servless Archtecture
[1] Microkernel
[1] Microservices
[1] Three-tier
[1] Model-View-Controller
[1] Model-View-View-Model
[1] SOA

4. Backend Ecosystem

4.1. Internet

[1] How does the internet work ?
[1] What is HTTP ?
[1] Browsers and how they work ?
[1] DNS and how it works ?
[1] What is Domain Name
[1] What is hosting ?

4.2. Basic Frontend Knowledge

[1] HTML
[1] CSS
[1] JavaScript

4.3. OS and General Knowledge

[1] Terminal Usage
[1] How Os work in General
[1] Process Managment
[1] Threads and Concurrency
[1] Basic Terminal Command
[1] Memory Managment
[1] Interprocess Communication
[1] I/O Managment
[1] POSIX Basics
[1] Basic Networking Concepts
[1] Process Managment
[1] Sockets
[1] Networking Concepts
[1] Virtualization
Memory/Storage
File System
Startup Managment (intid)
Service Managment (systemd)

4.4. Learn a Language

Java

4.5. Relational Databases

PostgreSQL

4.6. NoSQL Databases

Cassandra
Mongo DB

4.7. More about Databases

ORMs
ACID
Transactions
N+1 Problem
Data Replication
Sharding Strategies
CAP Theorem

4.8. Learn about APIs

HATEOAS
Open API Spec and Swagger
JSON APIs
SOAP
[1] gRPC

4.8.1. Authentication

Cookie Based
[1] OAuth2
Basic Authentication
Token Authentication
JWT
Open ID
SAML

4.9. Networking, Security and Protocols

[1] HTTP
FTP
Port Forwarding
[1] WebSockets

4.9.1. Emails

SMTP
IMAPS
POP3S
DMARC
SPF
Domain Keys

4.10. Web Security Knowledge

HTTPS
Content Security Policy
CORS
SSL/TLS
OWASP Security Risks
SSH

4.10.1. Hashing Algorithms

MD5 and why not to use it
SHA Family
scrypt
bcrypt

4.11. Caching

CDN
Client Side

4.11.1. Server Side

Redis
Memcached

4.12. CI/CD

4.13. Design and Development Principles

[1] Domain Driven Design
Test Driven Development

4.14. Message Brokers

Rabbit MQ
[1] Kafka

4.15. GraphQL

Apollo
Relay Modern

4.16. Graph Databases

Neo4j

4.17. Systems Integration

[1] Apache Camel

4.18. Web Servers

Nginx
Apache

4.19. Building for Scale

4.19.1. Understand the Diff.

Instrumentation
Monitoring
Telemetry

4.19.2. Migration Strategies

4.19.3. Horizontal vs Vertical Scaling

4.19.4. Building with Observability in mind

5. Devops

5.1. Operating System

5.1.1. Linux

Ubuntu
CentOS
RHEL

5.1.2. Unix

FreeBSD

5.2. Learn to live in Terminal

Learn Bash Scripting
Vim/Nano/PowerShell/Emacs
Compiling apps from source (gcc, make and other related stuff)
System Performance (nmon, iostat,sar,vmstat)
Others (strace, dtrace, systemtap, uname, df and history)
Text Manipulation Tools (awk, sed, grep , uniq, cat, cut, echo, fmt, tr, nl, egrep, fgrep and WebSockets)
Process Monotoring (ps, top, htop, atop and lsof)

5.3. What is and how to setup a ____

Reserve Proxy
Forward Proxy
Caching Server
Load Balancer
Firewall

5.4. Web Server

Ngnix
Apache

5.5. Learn Infrastructure as Code

5.5.1. Containers

Docker
LXC
RKT

5.5.2. Configuration Managment

Ansible
Salt
Chef
Puppet

5.5.3. Container Orchestration

[1] Kubernetes
Docker Swarm
Mesos
Nomad

5.5.4. Infrastructure Provisiong

Terraform
CloudFormation
Pulumi

5.5.5. Learn some CI/CD Tool

Gitlab CI
Jenkins
GiHub Actions

5.6. Learn how to monitor sofware and infrastructure

5.6.1. Infrastructure Monitoring

Prometheus
Grafana

5.6.2. Application Monitoring

Dynatrace
Jaeger
New Relic

5.6.3. Logs Management

Elastic Stack (Kibana)
Splunk
GrayLog
Papertrail

5.6.3. Cloud

[1] PaaS (Platform as a Service)
SaaS (Software as a Service)
Faas (Function as a Service)

5.6.3.1. Providers

AWS
Google Cloud
Azure
Digital Ocean

5.6.3.1. Design Patterns

Availabillity
Data Management
Design and Implementation
Management and Monitoring

6. Fonts

7. Notes

¹ Patterns presented here where removed in "²Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture (POSA)" topic, just for not repeat patterns in both topics.
² Patterns presented here where removed in "²Pattern-Oriented Software Architecture (POSA)" topic, just for not repeat patterns in both topics.
³ Patterns presented here, where removed in "Enterprise Patterns" topic, just for not repeat patterns in both topics.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 12 Commits
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
Study_Guide.txt		Study_Guide.txt

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