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aima3e.sty
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aima3e.sty
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% aima3e.sty - style file for AIMA consistent with latex2e
% these are needed for international/us version split -- Nick
% Do not use the comment environment provided by \usepackage{comment},
% somehow the below code mysteriously clobbers it into outputting {\sc RR},
% even after commenting out \renewcommand{\comment}...
\usepackage{comment} % this must be before \renewcommand{\comment} below
\usepackage{ifthen}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{1}
\def\aima{{\em AIMA}}
\def\kernel{{\mathcal{K}}}
\newcommand{\emorbf}{\bf} %% Bold or italics for subentries in 26,27?
\newcommand{\citeAIEEE}[1]{\citeA{#1} \textcircled{c} IEEE} %% daf says no ``Used by permission.'' %%
\newcommand{\la}{\langle}
\newcommand{\ra}{\rangle}
\def\returns{\rightarrow}
\newcommand{\constraint}[2]{\langle #1 , #2 \rangle}
% a list of variables in a CSP constraint
\newcommand{\varlist}[1]{(#1)}
%% pnorvig Nov 15 2000
\newcommand{\condstep}[3]{\mbf{if}~#1~\mbf{then}~#2~\mbf{else}~#3}
\newcommand{\whilestep}[2]{\mbf{while}~#1~\mbf{do}~#2}
\newcommand{\condeff}[2]{\mbf{when}~#1{:}~#2}
%%%SR: changed to use \condeff only in math mode (no stealth dollars)
%%%\newcommand{\condeffmathmode}[2]{{\mbox{\key{when}} #1: #2}}
\newcommand{\codenobox}[1]{\code{#1}}
\newenvironment{pddl}{\begin{formula}\begin{array}[t]{l}}{\end{array}\end{formula}}
\newcommand{\TermBox}[1]{\(\begin{array}{c}\, \\ \, \fbox{#1} \, \\ \, \end{array}\)}
\newskip\saveskip
\newskip\saveindent
\saveskip=\baselineskip
%% For aima2e was \setcounter{secnumdepth}{1}
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{2}
%%%%%%%%% names for language customization
\def\prefacename{Preface}
\def\authorpagename{About the Authors}
\def\contentsname{Contents}
\def\bibname{Bibliography}
\def\indexname{Index}
%%%%%%%%% Hyphenation
\hyphenation{Diet-ter-ich}%%%% This could go somewhere else...
\hyphenation{Rein-frank}
\hyphenation{ra-tion-al-ity}
\hyphenation{ra-tion-al}
%%%%%%%%% defining the text files %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\def\includefront{%
\include{front/halftitle-page}
\include{front/series-page}
\recto
\include{front/title-page}
\include{front/copyright-page}
\recto
\include{front/dedication-page}
\recto
\include{front/preface}
\newpage
\include{front/author-page}
\recto
%\include{front/contents-summary}
%\newpage
%\recto
\include{front/contents-full}}
\def\includefronti{% INTERNATIONAL VERSION
\include{front/halftitle-page}
\include{front/series-page}
\recto
\include{front/phipe-title-page}
\include{front/phipe-copyright-page}
\recto
\include{front/dedication-page}
\recto
\include{front/phipe-preface}
\newpage
\include{front/author-page}
\recto
%\include{front/contents-summary}
%\newpage
%\recto
\include{front/contents-full}}
\def\includebody{%
%% \include{part1}%
\include{intro-chapter}%01
\include{agents-chapter}%02
%% \include{part2}%
\include{search-chapter}%03
\include{advanced-search-chapter}%04
\include{game-playing-chapter}%05
\include{csp-chapter}%06
%% \include{part3}%
\include{knowledge+logic-chapter}%07
\include{fol-chapter}%08
\include{logical-inference-chapter}%09
\include{planning-chapter}%10
\include{advanced-planning-chapter}%11
\include{kr-chapter}%12
%% \include{part4}%
\include{probability-chapter}%13
\include{bayes-nets-chapter}%14
\include{dbn-chapter}%15
\include{decision-theory-chapter}%16
\include{complex-decisions-chapter}%17
%% \include{part5}%
\include{concept-learning-chapter}%18
\include{ilp-chapter}%19
\include{bayesian-learning-chapter}%20
\include{reinforcement-learning-chapter}%21
%% \include{part6}%
\include{nlp-communicating-chapter}%22
\include{nlp-english-chapter}%23
\include{perception-chapter}%24
\include{robotics-chapter}%25
%% \include{part7}%
\include{philosophy-chapter}%26
\include{future-chapter}%27
\appendix%
\include{math-appendix}%
\include{programming-appendix}}
\def\includeend{%
\begin{mybibliography}
\bibliographystyle{theapa-aima}
\bibliography{all}
\end{mybibliography}
\input{newbook.ind}}
%%%%%%%%% document typesetting controls
\clubpenalty=400 \widowpenalty=400
%%%%%%%%% design elements %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%% page headings
\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\def\@evenhead{{\mdseries\hspace*{-\headeroffset}%
\thepage\hfill\leftmark
\hspace*{-\textplusmarginwidth}\rule[-2mm]{\textplusmarginwidth}{\fboxrule}}}%
\def\@oddhead{{\mdseries\hspace*{-\headeroffset}%
\rightmark\hfill \thepage%
\hspace*{-\textplusmarginwidth}\rule[-2mm]{\textplusmarginwidth}{\fboxrule}}}%
%%\def\@oddfoot{\hfill\raisebox{-\baselineskip}[0pt][0pt]{{\small\tt AIMA3e} \copyright\ {\small\tt 2008 by Russell and Norvig. DRAFT---DO NOT DISTRIBUTE}}}%
%%\def\@evenfoot{\raisebox{-\baselineskip}[0pt][0pt]{{\small\tt AIMA3e} \copyright\ {\small\tt 2008 by Russell and Norvig. DRAFT---DO NOT DISTRIBUTE\hfill}}}%
\def\@oddfoot{}%
\def\@evenfoot{}%
\def\chaptermark##1{\markboth{\chaptermarker\chaptertitle}{}}%
\def\sectionmark##1{\markright{\sectionmarker\sectiontitle}}%
\def\subsectionmark##1{}}
\pagestyle{myheadings}
%% change to make the blank page REALLY blank
\def\recto{\ifodd\c@page\else\thispagestyle{empty}\ \newpage\fi}
\def\cleardoublepage{\clearpage\if@twoside \ifodd\c@page\else
\thispagestyle{empty}\hbox{}\newpage\if@twocolumn\hbox{}\newpage\fi\fi\fi}
%% use this to start text at the headline level
\def\verytop{\vspace*{-\headtotal}}
%%%%%% Front matter, including table of contents
\newcommand{\preface}{%
\noindent{\Large\ct \prefacename}%
\def\chaptermarker{}\def\chaptertitle{\prefacename}%
\def\sectionmarker{}\def\sectiontitle{\prefacename}%
\chaptermark{}\sectionmark{}
\thispagestyle{plain}%
\bigskip\noindent}
\newcommand{\authors}{%
\noindent{\Large\ct \authorpagename}%
\def\chaptermarker{}\def\chaptertitle{\authorpagename}%
\def\sectionmarker{}\def\sectiontitle{\authorpagename}%
\chaptermark{}\sectionmark{}
\thispagestyle{plain}%
\bigskip\noindent}
\newcommand{\summarycontents}{%
\summarycontentstyle
\noindent{\Large\ct Summary of Contents}%
\def\chaptermarker{}\def\chaptertitle{Summary of Contents}%
\def\sectionmarker{}\def\sectiontitle{Summary of Contents}%
\chaptermark{}\sectionmark{}
\thispagestyle{plain}%
\bigskip\noindent}
\newcommand{\contents}{%
\fullcontentstyle
\noindent{\Large\ct \contentsname}%
\def\chaptermarker{}\def\chaptertitle{\contentsname}%
\def\sectionmarker{}\def\sectiontitle{\contentsname}%
\chaptermark{}\sectionmark{}
\thispagestyle{plain}%
\bigskip\noindent}
\def\recordcontents{\begingroup
\makeatletter
\if@filesw \expandafter\newwrite\csname tf@toc\endcsname
\immediate\openout \csname tf@toc\endcsname \jobname.toc\relax
\fi \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup}
\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
\addvspace{\contentspartskip}% space above part line
\begingroup
\@tempdima 3em
\parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
\parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
{\large \bfseries
\leavevmode
#1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
\nobreak
\global\@nobreaktrue
\everypar{\global\@nobreakfalse\everypar{}}%% suggested by
\endgroup}
\def\l@chapter#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}%
\vskip \contentschapskip
\@tempdima 1.5em
\begingroup
\parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth
\parfillskip -\@pnumwidth
\bfseries
\leavevmode
\advance\leftskip\@tempdima
\maybeindent
#1\nobreak\maybedotfill \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
\penalty\@highpenalty
\endgroup}
\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.8em}}
\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{4.3em}{3.5em}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{7.8em}{4.1em}}
\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{10em}{5em}}
\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{12em}{6em}}
\def\summarycontentstyle{%
\def\maybeindent{\hskip 1em}
\def\maybedotfill{\dotfill}
\contentspartskip=0.2em
\contentschapskip=0.00em}
\def\fullcontentstyle{%
\def\maybeindent{\hskip -\leftskip}
\def\maybedotfill{\hfil}
\contentspartskip=1.5em plus 1pt
\contentschapskip=0.8em plus 1pt}
%%\twocolumn%%%%%%%-pn Experiment -- not quite working
%%\addtolength{\textwidth}{.7in} %%%%%%-pn
%%\addtolength{\oddsidemargin}{-.7in} %%%%%%-pn
%%\addtolength{\evensidemargin}{-.7in} %%%%%%-pn
%%%%%% For major headings
\def\titlebox#1{%
{\fboxrule=1.0mm \fboxsep=0.7mm \framebox{{\fboxrule=0.12mm \framebox{#1}}}}}
%%%%%% parts
\def\part{%
\if@twocolumn
\onecolumn
\@tempswatrue
\else \@tempswafalse
\fi
\secdef\@part\@spart}
\def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >-2\relax
\refstepcounter{part}%
\addcontentslinenopage{toc}{part}{\thepart
\hspace{1em}#1}\else
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi
\@endpart}
\def\@endpart{%
\if@tempswa
\twocolumn
\fi}
\def\addcontentslinenopage#1#2#3{%
\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{}}}
\newenvironment{parttext}{\begin{large}\noindent\relax\ignorespaces}{\end{large}\emptypage}
%%%%%% chapters
\def\chaptertitle{}\def\chaptermarker{} %%
\def\sectiontitle{}\def\sectionmarker{} %%
\newcommand{\chaphead}[1]{\noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}%
\begin{quote} {\em In which \lowercase{#1}} \end{quote}%
\vspace*{0.3in}\par\noindent\ignorespaces}
\def\@makechapterhead#1{%
% \epsfxsize=\textplusmarginwidth%
% \noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}\epsfbox{figures/chapter-device.ps}\par%
% \vspace*{20\p@}%%
\noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}\titlebox{\rule[-.61in]{0in}{1.2in}\parbox{\chaptitleboxwidth}{%
\centerline{%
\parbox{\chapnumberwidth}{\begin{centering}\cn \thechapter\end{centering}}%
\hspace*{0.25in}%
\raisebox{0pt}{\parbox{\chaptitlewidth}{\baselineskip=27pt \begin{centering} \begin{flushleft} \ct \uppercase{#1}%
\end{flushleft} \end{centering}}}}}}\par%
% \vspace*{20\p@}%%
% \epsfxsize=\textplusmarginwidth%
% \noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}\epsfbox{figures/chapter-device.ps}%
\vskip 40\p@%
}
\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%
\vspace*{50\p@}%
{\parindent \z@ \raggedright
\Huge \bfseries
#1\par
\nobreak
\vskip 40\p@
}}
\def\chapter{\clearpage %%% was cleardoublepage
\thispagestyle{plain}%
\global\@topnum\z@
\@afterindentfalse
\secdef\@chapter\@schapter}
\def\@chapter[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne
\refstepcounter{chapter}%
\typeout{\@chapapp\space\thechapter.}%
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{\protect
\numberline{\thechapter}#1}\else
\addcontentsline{toc}{chapter}{#1}\fi
\def\chaptertitle{#1}\def\chaptermarker{\@chapapp\quad\thechapter.\qquad}
\chaptermark{}%
\addtocontents{lof}%
{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% Adds between-chapter space
\addtocontents{lot}%
{\protect\addvspace{10\p@}}% to lists of figs & tables.
\if@twocolumn
\@topnewpage[\@makechapterhead{#2}]%
\else \@makechapterhead{#2}%
\@afterheading
\fi}
\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%
\else \@makeschapterhead{#1}%
\@afterheading\fi}
%%%%%% appendices
\def\appendix{\par
\setcounter{chapter}{0}%
\setcounter{section}{0}%
\def\@chapapp{\appendixname}%
\def\thechapter{\Alph{chapter}}}
%%%%%% bibliography
\def\thebibliography#1{%
%%\vspace*{-22.5pt}%%%no longer seems necessary
\list
{\@biblabel{\arabic{enumiv}}}{\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%
\leftmargin\labelwidth
%% \advance\leftmargin\labelsep %%dropped - indents for nonexistent label!
\usecounter{enumiv}%
\let\p@enumiv\@empty
\def\theenumiv{\arabic{enumiv}}}%
\def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus.33em minus.10em}%
\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
\sfcode`\.=\@m%
\setlength{\itemsep}{0.5em plus 0.3em minus 0.1em}}
\def\endthebibliography{%
\def\@noitemerr{\@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%
\endlist}
\newenvironment{mybibliography}{%
\cleardoublepage
\centerline{{\ct \bibname}}\par\bigskip\par
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{Bibliography}%
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{0.93}\small\normalsize %%% this does the shrink
\columnsep=16pt%
% Key
\thispagestyle{plain}%
\noindent{The following abbreviations are used for frequently cited conferences and journals:}\\[10pt]
\begin{footnotesize}\input{bib-keys}\end{footnotesize}%
% Bibliography
\def\chaptermarker{}\def\chaptertitle{\bibname}%
\def\sectionmarker{}\def\sectiontitle{\bibname}%
\chaptermark{}\sectionmark{}
\newpage%
\begin{scriptsize}%
\begin{multicols}{3}%
%
}{\end{multicols}\end{scriptsize}}
%%%%%% index
\newcommand{\indexkey}{Page numbers in {\bfseries bold} refer to definitions
of terms and algorithms; page numbers in {\itshape italics} refer to
items in the bibliography.}
\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
\cleardoublepage
\centerline{{\ct \indexname}}\par\bigskip\par
\noindent\indexkey\par\bigskip\par%
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{Index}%
\renewcommand{\baselinestretch}{0.93}\small\normalsize %%% this does the shrink
\raggedright
\columnseprule \z@
\columnsep 16\p@%
\begin{footnotesize}
\begin{multicols}{3}%
\def\chaptermarker{}\def\chaptertitle{\indexname}%
\def\sectionmarker{}\def\sectiontitle{\indexname}%
\chaptermark{}\sectionmark{}
\thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
\parskip\z@ plus .3\p@\relax\let\item\@idxitem}
\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 3em}
\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 3em \hspace*{1em}}
\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 3em \hspace*{2em}}
\def\endtheindex{\end{multicols}\end{footnotesize}}
\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ plus5\p@ minus3\p@\relax}
%%%%%% sections
%%% redefined \@sect and \@ssect (ie \section*) from latex.tex
\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
\let\@svsec\@empty\else
\refstepcounter{#1}\edef\@svsec{\csname the#1\endcsname\hskip 1em}\fi
\@tempskipa #5\relax
\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
\begingroup #6\relax
\@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}{\interlinepenalty \@M %
#8
\postheading\par}%
\endgroup
\csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}\addcontentsline
{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
#7}\else
\def\@svsechd{#6\hskip #3\relax %% \relax added 2 May 90
\@svsec #8\csname #1mark\endcsname
{#7}\addcontentsline
{toc}{#1}{\ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
\protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}\fi
#7}}\fi
\@xsect{#5}}
\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{\@tempskipa #3\relax
\ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
\begingroup \preheading #4\@hangfrom{\hskip #1}{\interlinepenalty \@M #5\par}\endgroup
\else \def\@svsechd{#4\hskip #1\relax #5}\fi
\@xsect{#3}}
\def\section#1{%
\def\sectiontitle{#1}\def\sectionmarker{Section \thesection.\qquad}%
\def\postheading{\ \\\hspace*{-\marginwidth}%
\raisebox{0.88\baselineskip}[0pt][0pt]{\rule{\textplusmarginwidth}{0.2mm}}%
\hspace*{-\marginwidth}}%
\@startsection {section}{1}{-\marginwidth}{-2.5ex plus-.5ex minus
-.2ex}{2.0ex plus.2ex}{\reset@font\Large\sc}{#1}%
}
\def\summary{\section{Summary}}
\def\hbib{%
\def\sectiontitle{Bibliographical and Historical Notes}\def\sectionmarker{}%
\def\preheading{\noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}%
\rule{\textplusmarginwidth}{0.8mm}\hfill\\}%
\sectionmark{Bibliographical and Historical Notes}%
\@startsection {section}{1}{-\marginwidth}{-3.0ex plus-1ex minus
-.2ex}{2.3ex plus.2ex}{\reset@font\large\sc}*{Bibliographical and Historical Notes}%
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Bibliographical and Historical Notes}%
}
\def\exercises{%
\def\sectiontitle{Exercises}\def\sectionmarker{}%
\def\preheading{\noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}%
\sectionmark{Exercises}%
\rule{\textplusmarginwidth}{0.8mm}\hfill\\}%
\@startsection {section}{1}{-\marginwidth}{-3.0ex plus-1ex minus
-.2ex}{2.3ex plus.2ex}{\reset@font\large\sc}*{Exercises}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Exercises}%
}
%%%%%% subsections
\def\subsection{%
\def\postheading{}\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}{-2.0ex plus-0.5ex
minus-.2ex}{1.4ex plus.2ex}{\reset@font\large\bfseries}}
%%%%%% subsubsections
\def\subsubsection{%
\def\postheading{}\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-2.0ex plus
-0.5ex minus-.2ex}{1.3ex plus.2ex}{\reset@font\normalsize\bfseries}}
%%%%%% paragraph
\def\paragraph{%
\def\postheading{}\@startsection
{paragraph}{4}{\z@}{1.5ex plus0.3ex minus.2ex}{-1em}{\reset@font
\normalsize\bfseries}}
%%%%%% side bars
\newcommand{\sideb}[2]{%
\def\marginalnote{\nomarginalnote}%
\begin{figure*}[p]%
\noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}%
\framebox[\textplusmarginwidth]{%
%\epsfxsize=\marginparwidth [[dropped this - tex now ignores it! Fixed screen]]
\epsfysize=\sidebarheight%
\raisebox{-\sidebardrop}[\charheight][\sidebardrop]{\epsffile{figures/screen.ps}}
%\raisebox{-\sidebardrop}[\charheight][\sidebardrop]{\rule{\marginparwidth}{\sidebarheight}}%
\hspace*{2\marginparsep}%
\begin{minipage}[t]{\sidebartextwidth}\parindent=20pt
\noindent{\large\sc #1}\par\bigskip\noindent\ignorespaces #2
\end{minipage}\hfill}
\vspace*{3in}\end{figure*}%
\def\marginalnote{\yesmarginalnote}%
}
\newenvironment{sidebar}[1]{%
\def\marginalnote{\nomarginalnote}%
\begin{figure*}[p]%
\noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}%
\rule[-1.2\baselineskip]{\textplusmarginwidth}{\fboxrule}\\*%
\hspace*{-\marginwidth}{\large\sc #1}\\\\%
\hspace*{-\marginwidth}\epsfxsize=\marginparwidth \epsfysize=\sidebarheight%
\raisebox{-\sidebardrop}[\charheight][\sidebardrop]{\epsffile{figures/screen.ps}}
\hspace*{\marginparsep}%
\begin{minipage}[t]{\sidebartextwidth}\parindent=20pt\noindent\ignorespaces}%
{\end{minipage}
\par
\vspace*{-.5in}\par
\noindent\hspace*{-\marginwidth}%
\rule[60pt]{\textplusmarginwidth}{\fboxrule}%
\end{figure*}%
\def\marginalnote{\yesmarginalnote}%
}
%%%%%% footnotes
%% from book.sty: changed to do no indentation, allow a small space
\long\def\@makefntext#1{\noindent
\hbox to 1.2em{\raisebox{-1pt}{$\m@th^{\@thefnmark}$}\hss}#1}
%% from book.sty: changed to shorten
\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
\hrule width .25\columnwidth
\kern 2.6\p@}
\interfootnotelinepenalty=5000 %%% no idea what effect this will have
%%%%%% for notes (either in margin or not to appear at all)
%\renewcommand{\comment}[1]{\marginpar{\scriptsize #1}}
\renewcommand{\comment}[1]{}
\reversemarginpar %% puts into left margin
%%%%%% special keywords
\newlength{\savelineskip}
\newcommand{\term}[1]{{\bfseries #1}}% maybe put into index,glossary too?
\newcommand{\termi}[1]{{\bfseries #1}\tindex{#1}}% termi puts in index
\def\newterm{\@ifnextchar[{\newtermopt}{\newtermnoopt}}
\def\newtermi{\@ifnextchar[{\newtermiopt}{\newterminoopt}}
\def\newtermnoopt#1{\newtermopt[#1]{#1}}
\def\newtermopt[#1]#2{{\bfseries #2}\marginalnote{#1}}
\def\newterminoopt#1{\newtermiopt[#1]{#1}}
\def\newtermiopt[#1]#2{{\bfseries #2}\marginalnote{#1}\ntindex{#1}}
\newcommand{\marginalnote}[1]{\yesmarginalnote{#1}}
\newcommand{\yesmarginalnote}[1]{%
\setlength{\savelineskip}{\baselineskip}%
\marginpar{%
\raisebox{0pt}[0pt][0pt]{\parbox[c]{\marginparwidth}{\begin{flushleft} {\nt \uppercase{#1}}%
\setlength{\baselineskip}{\marginlineskip}%
\end{flushleft}}}}% % end marginpar
\setlength{\baselineskip}{\savelineskip}%
}
\newcommand{\nomarginalnote}[1]{} %%% [[check this - seems wrong]]
%%%%%% description lists
\def\Box{\,{\fboxsep=2.7pt\raisebox{3pt}{\framebox{}}}\,}
\def\Diamond{\diamondsuit}
\def\itemchar{\bullet} %% \Box undefined in nlatex !!!!!
\renewenvironment{description}{\begin{itemize}\ignorespaces}{\end{itemize}}
\newcommand{\colonitem}[1]{\item[${\itemchar}$] {\bfseries #1}:}
\newcommand{\plainitem}[1]{\item[${\itemchar}$] {\bfseries #1}}
\newcommand{\lineitem}[1]{\item[${\itemchar}$] {\bfseries #1}\\}
\newcommand{\newtermitem}[1]{\item[${\itemchar}$] {\bfseries #1}:\marginalnote{#1}}
\newcommand{\plainnewtermitem}[1]{\item[${\itemchar}$] {\bfseries #1}\marginalnote{#1}}
%%%%%% theorem-like environments, points, quotes etc.
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}
\newtheorem{definition}{Definition}
\newtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}[theorem]
%\newenvironment{point}{\hfill\\%
%\rule[8pt]{\textwidth}{0.1mm}\\*[-\baselineskip]\em\relax\ignorespaces}%
%{\hfill\\*%
%\raisebox{\baselineskip}{\rule[-2pt]{\textwidth}{0.1mm}}%
%\\[-\baselineskip]\ignorespaces}
\newenvironment{point}{\hand\em\ignorespaces}{}
\newcommand{\hand}{\hspace*{0pt}\marginpar{%%%\epsfxsize=0.5\marginparwidth%
\noindent\raisebox{-11pt}[0pt][0pt]{\figfile{figures/hand.eps}}}}
\newenvironment{squote}%
{\par\begin{small}\begin{quote}}{\end{quote}\end{small}}
%%%%%%%%% US and international exercises
\newcounter{algorithm}[chapter]
\newcounter{exrcs}[chapter]
\def\p@exrcs{\thechapter.}
%\newenvironment{exercise}{%
%\refstepcounter{exrcs}
%\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
%\def\theenumi{{\bfseries\alph{enumi}}}
%\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
%\def\theenumii{\roman{enumii}}
%\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
%\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
%\def\theenumiii{\Alph{enumiii}}
%\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
%\par\medskip\noindent{\bfseries \thechapter.\arabic{exrcs}}\quad\ignorespaces}%
%{\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
%\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
%\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
%\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
%\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
%\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
%\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
%\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}}
\newenvironment{exercise}[1][?137!]{%
\refstepcounter{exrcs}
\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{{\bfseries\alph{enumi}}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\roman{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\Alph{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\par\medskip\noindent{\bfseries \thechapter.\arabic{exrcs}}\ifthenelse{\equal{?137!}{#1}}{}{\label{#1}}\quad\ignorespaces}%
{\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}}
% The next two environments are just for \debugversion
\newenvironment{uuexercise}[1][?137!]{%
\refstepcounter{exrcs}
\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{{\bfseries\alph{enumi}}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\roman{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\Alph{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\par\medskip\noindent{\bfseries \thechapter.\arabic{exrcs}}\ifthenelse{\equal{?137!}{#1}}{}{\label{#1}}\quad$(\mathcal{U})$ \ignorespaces}%
{\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}}
\newenvironment{iiexercise}[1][?137!]{%
\refstepcounter{exrcs}
\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{{\bfseries\alph{enumi}}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\roman{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\Alph{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\par\medskip\noindent{\bfseries \thechapter.\arabic{exrcs}}\ifthenelse{\equal{?137!}{#1}}{}{\label{#1}}\quad$(\mathcal{I})$ \ignorespaces}%
{\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}}
\def\usversion{\let\uexercise=\exercise\let\enduexercise=\endexercise}
\def\intlversion{\def\iexercise{\exercise}\def\endiexercise{\endexercise}}
\def\nousversion{\excludecomment{uexercise}}
\def\nointlversion{\excludecomment{iexercise}}
\nousversion
\nointlversion
%\usversion
%\intlversion
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
\newcommand{\prgex}{\marginpar{%%%%\epsfxsize=0.7\marginparwidth%
\noindent\raisebox{-9pt}[0pt][0pt]{\figfile{figures/keyboard.eps}}}}
\newcommand{\libex}{\marginpar{%%%%\epsfxsize=0.7\marginparwidth%
\noindent\raisebox{-19pt}[0pt][0pt]{\figfile{figures/book.eps}}}}
%%\newcommand{\url}[1]{\[\mbox{{\tt #1}}\]}
\newenvironment{noanswer}{\noanswernumber}{}
\newcommand{\answernumber}[1]{{\bf #1}\quad\ignorespaces}
\newcommand{\noanswernumber}{}
\newenvironment{answer}{%
\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{{\bf\alph{enumi}}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\roman{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\Alph{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\par\medskip\noindent\answernumber}%
{\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}}
\def\labelenumii{(\theenumii)}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}}
%%%%%% Stuff for fixing math environments
\def\J#1{{\it #1}}
\newcommand{\N}[1]{{\rm #1}}
\def\zt{}
\newenvironment{formula}{\[\zt\begin{array}{@{}lll}\zt}{\end{array}\]}
\def\<{\langle}\def\>{\rangle}
%%%%%% figures, tables and captions
%% tables are set as figures, but with a minute adjustment to table width/place
\renewenvironment{table}%
{\def\caption{\tcaption}\begin{figure}}%
{\end{figure}\ignorespaces}
\newcommand{\tabtop}{\rule{0pt}{12.5pt}}%%Use after hline in body of table
\newcommand{\tabbot}{\rule[-6.5pt]{0pt}{11pt}}%%Use before hline " " " "
\newcommand{\tabhead}{\rule[-5.8pt]{0pt}{17.5pt}}%%Use in lines between hlines
\newcommand{\squad}{\hspace*{0.5em}}%%Use occasionally at left edge
\newcommand{\sq}[1]{\hspace*{#1\tablewidth}}
\newenvironment{mytabular}%
{\noindent\begin{tabular*}{\textwidth}}%
{\end{tabular*}}
\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\def\topfraction{.95}
\def\bottomfraction{.95}
\def\textfraction{.05}
\def\floatpagefraction{.9}
\setcounter{topnumber}{3}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{2}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{4}
\def\figfile{\epsffile}
\def\epsfflex#1#2{\epsfxsize=#1\maxfigwidth\epsffile{#2}}
\def\textfigbox#1{\framebox[\textwidth]{#1}}
\def\textfigboxnew#1{\framebox[\textwidth]{#1}}
%%\def\graphbox#1{%
%%\framebox[\textwidth]{\hbox{\hfill\epsffile{#1}\hspace*{0.4in}\hbox{}\hfill}}}
\def\graphboxnew#1{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{5pt}\hbox{\hfill\epsffile{#1}\hspace*{0.4in}\hbox{}\hfill}\end{minipage}}}
\def\figbox#1{%
\framebox[\textwidth]{\hbox{\hfill\epsffile{#1}\hfill}}}
\def\figboxnew#1{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{\hbox{\hfill\epsffile{#1}\hfill}}}
\def\figboxspacenew#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\hbox{\hfill\epsffile{#2}\hfill}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\figboxspacebothnew#1#2#3{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\hbox{\hfill\epsffile{#2}\hfill}%
\vspace*{#3}%
\end{minipage}}}
%%% figures and graphs with added labels
\def\figlabelsize{\small}
\def\twographboxspacenew#1#2#3{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\vspace*{5pt}%
\noindent\epsffile{#2}%
\hspace*{0.0\maxfigwidth}%
\epsffile{#3}\\[6pt]
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.07\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.41\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}}\hfill
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.04\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.44\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twographboxspacebothnew#1#2#3#4{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\vspace*{5pt}%
\noindent\epsffile{#2}%
\hspace*{0.0\maxfigwidth}%
\epsffile{#3}\\[#4]
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.07\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.41\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}}\hfill
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.04\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.44\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twographboxnew#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{5pt}%
\hspace*{0.0\maxfigwidth}%
%\epsfxsize=0.50\maxfigwidth
\noindent\epsffile{#1}%
\hspace*{0.0\maxfigwidth}%
%\epsfxsize=0.50\maxfigwidth
\epsffile{#2}\\[6pt]
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.07\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.41\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}}\hfill
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.04\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.44\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twographboxnewdirect#1#2#3#4{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{5pt}%
\hspace*{0.0\maxfigwidth}%
%\epsfxsize=0.50\maxfigwidth
\noindent\epsffile{#1}%
\hspace*{0.0\maxfigwidth}%
%\epsfxsize=0.50\maxfigwidth
\epsffile{#2}\\[6pt]
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.07\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.41\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (#3)}}}\hfill
\raisebox{8pt}[6pt][0pt]{\makebox[0.04\maxfigwidth]{}\makebox[0.44\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (#4)}}}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twofigbox#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\epsfxsize=0.48\maxfigwidth
\noindent \epsffile{#1}\hfill
\epsfxsize=0.48\maxfigwidth
\epsffile{#2}\\
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}\hfill\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}%
\end{minipage}}}
%% New version of twofigboxnew looks better if a figure is not
%% full width in the 0.48\maxfigwidth box
\def\twofigboxnew#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#1}}%
\hfill
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#2}}\\
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}\hfill\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twofigboxspacenew#1#2#3{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#2}}%
\hfill
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#3}}\\
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}\hfill\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}%
\vspace*{#1}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twofigboxnoabnew#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#1}}%
\hfill
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#2}}
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twofigboxflexnew#1#2#3#4{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\noindent \epsffile{#2}\hfill
\epsffile{#4}\\
\makebox[#1\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}\hfill\makebox[#3\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twofigboxflexspacenew#1#2#3#4#5{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\vspace*{#5}%
\noindent \epsffile{#2}\hfill
\epsffile{#4}\\
\makebox[#1\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}\hfill\makebox[#3\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}%
\vspace*{#5}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twofigboxflexnoabnew#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\noindent \epsffile{#1}\hfill\epsffile{#2}%
\end{minipage}}}
%% figgraphboxnew for figure + graph combinations
%% where the graph is made using twographbox
\def\figgraphboxnew#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#1}}%
\hfill
\makebox[0.50\maxfigwidth]{\epsffile{#2}}\\
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}\hfill\makebox[0.50\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\twofigboxold#1#2{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%
\begin{minipage}{\maxfigwidth}%
\epsfxsize=0.48\maxfigwidth
\noindent \epsffile{#1}\hfill
\epsfxsize=0.48\maxfigwidth
\epsffile{#2}\\
\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (a)}}\hfill\makebox[0.48\maxfigwidth]{{\figlabelsize (b)}}%
\end{minipage}}}
\def\threegraphbox#1#2#3{%
\noindent\framebox[\textwidth]{%