BUG: Pandas can't restore index from parquet with offset-specified ti…

…mezone pandas-dev#35997

doc/source/whatsnew/v1.2.0.rst

@@ -392,6 +392,7 @@ I/O
 - Bug in :meth:`read_csv` with ``engine='python'`` truncating data if multiple items present in first row and first element started with BOM (:issue:`36343`)
 - Removed ``private_key`` and ``verbose`` from :func:`read_gbq` as they are no longer supported in ``pandas-gbq`` (:issue:`34654`, :issue:`30200`)
 - Bumped minimum pytables version to 3.5.1 to avoid a ``ValueError`` in :meth:`read_hdf` (:issue:`24839`)
+- Bug in :meth:`read_parquet` with fixed offset timezones. String representation of timezones was not recognized (:issue:`35997`, :issue:`36004`)
 
 Plotting
 ^^^^^^^^

pandas/_libs/tslibs/timezones.pyx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from datetime import timezone
+from datetime import timedelta, timezone
 
 from cpython.datetime cimport datetime, timedelta, tzinfo
 
@@ -102,6 +102,14 @@ cpdef inline tzinfo maybe_get_tz(object tz):
             # On Python 3 on Windows, the filename is not always set correctly.
             if isinstance(tz, _dateutil_tzfile) and '.tar.gz' in tz._filename:
                 tz._filename = zone
+        elif tz[0] in {'-', '+'}:
+            hours = int(tz[0:3])
+            minutes = int(tz[0] + tz[4:6])
+            tz = timezone(timedelta(hours=hours, minutes=minutes))
+        elif tz[0:4] in {'UTC-', 'UTC+'}:
+            hours = int(tz[3:6])
+            minutes = int(tz[3] + tz[7:9])
+            tz = timezone(timedelta(hours=hours, minutes=minutes))
         else:
             tz = pytz.timezone(tz)
     elif is_integer_object(tz):

pandas/conftest.py

@@ -857,6 +857,10 @@ def iris(datapath):
     "Asia/Tokyo",
     "dateutil/US/Pacific",
     "dateutil/Asia/Singapore",
+    "+01:15",
+    "-02:15",
+    "UTC+01:15",
+    "UTC-02:15",
     tzutc(),
     tzlocal(),
     FixedOffset(300),

pandas/tests/io/test_parquet.py

@@ -125,6 +125,21 @@ def df_full():
     )
 
 
+@pytest.fixture(
+    params=[
+        datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc),
+        datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.min),
+        datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.max),
+        datetime.datetime.strptime("2019-01-04T16:41:24+0200", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z"),
+        datetime.datetime.strptime("2019-01-04T16:41:24+0215", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z"),
+        datetime.datetime.strptime("2019-01-04T16:41:24-0200", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z"),
+        datetime.datetime.strptime("2019-01-04T16:41:24-0215", "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z"),
+    ]
+)
+def timezone_aware_date_list(request):
+    return request.param
+
+
 def check_round_trip(
     df,
     engine=None,
@@ -134,6 +149,7 @@ def check_round_trip(
     expected=None,
     check_names=True,
     check_like=False,
+    check_dtype=True,
     repeat=2,
 ):
     """Verify parquet serializer and deserializer produce the same results.
@@ -175,7 +191,11 @@ def compare(repeat):
                 actual = read_parquet(path, **read_kwargs)
 
             tm.assert_frame_equal(
-                expected, actual, check_names=check_names, check_like=check_like
+                expected,
+                actual,
+                check_names=check_names,
+                check_like=check_like,
+                check_dtype=check_dtype,
             )
 
     if path is None:
@@ -739,6 +759,21 @@ def test_timestamp_nanoseconds(self, pa):
         df = pd.DataFrame({"a": pd.date_range("2017-01-01", freq="1n", periods=10)})
         check_round_trip(df, pa, write_kwargs={"version": "2.0"})
 
+    def test_timezone_aware_index(self, pa, timezone_aware_date_list):
+        idx = 5 * [timezone_aware_date_list]
+        df = pd.DataFrame(index=idx, data={"index_as_col": idx})
+
+        # see gh-36004
+        # compare time(zone) values only, skip their class:
+        # pyarrow always creates fixed offset timezones using pytz.FixedOffset()
+        # even if it was datetime.timezone() originally
+        #
+        # technically they are the same:
+        # they both implement datetime.tzinfo
+        # they both wrap datetime.timedelta()
+        # this use-case sets the resolution to 1 minute
+        check_round_trip(df, pa, check_dtype=False)
+
     @td.skip_if_no("pyarrow", min_version="0.17")
     def test_filter_row_groups(self, pa):
         # https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/26551
@@ -877,3 +912,12 @@ def test_empty_dataframe(self, fp):
         expected = df.copy()
         expected.index.name = "index"
         check_round_trip(df, fp, expected=expected)
+
+    def test_timezone_aware_index(self, fp, timezone_aware_date_list):
+        idx = 5 * [timezone_aware_date_list]
+
+        df = pd.DataFrame(index=idx, data={"index_as_col": idx})
+
+        expected = df.copy()
+        expected.index.name = "index"
+        check_round_trip(df, fp, expected=expected)

pandas/tests/tslibs/test_timezones.py

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
 
 import dateutil.tz
 import pytest
@@ -118,3 +118,25 @@ def test_maybe_get_tz_invalid_types():
     msg = "<class 'pandas._libs.tslibs.timestamps.Timestamp'>"
     with pytest.raises(TypeError, match=msg):
         timezones.maybe_get_tz(Timestamp.now("UTC"))
+
+
+def test_maybe_get_tz_offset_only():
+    # see gh-36004
+
+    # timezone.utc
+    tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz(timezone.utc)
+    assert tz == timezone(timedelta(hours=0, minutes=0))
+
+    # without UTC+- prefix
+    tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz("+01:15")
+    assert tz == timezone(timedelta(hours=1, minutes=15))
+
+    tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz("-01:15")
+    assert tz == timezone(-timedelta(hours=1, minutes=15))
+
+    # with UTC+- prefix
+    tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz("UTC+02:45")
+    assert tz == timezone(timedelta(hours=2, minutes=45))
+
+    tz = timezones.maybe_get_tz("UTC-02:45")
+    assert tz == timezone(-timedelta(hours=2, minutes=45))