TALE

Transformer-based protein function Annotation with joint sequence-Label Embedding

Joint Feature-Label Embedding

Input feature: sequence data (using transformer)

Output label: hierarchical nodes on directed graphs

Dependencies

• TensorFlow >=1.13
• For TALE+ (TALE+Diamond), please download Diamond and put the executable file into TALE/diamond/

For users

If you want to use TALE+ for prediction, prepare your sequence file in the fasta format and go to src/ and run:

python predict.py --fasta $path_to_your_fasta_file --on on --out $path_to_your_output_file

where on=mf,bp,cc for MFO,BPO and CCO, respectively.

To get the sequence representation, prepare your sequence file in the fasta format and go to src/ and run:

python seq_embedding.py --fasta $path_to_your_fasta_file --on on --out $path_to_your_output_file

The output file is a dictionary that contain two keys, "seq_emb" and "final", while the former refers to the token-wise embedding with a shape of [seq_num, 1000 (max_seq_len), dim] and the latter refers to the sequence-wise embedding before the output layer which has a shape of [seq_num, dim].

For developers

Training and test data:

• Under 'Data/CAFA3' and 'Data/ours'
• train_seq_mf: The training sequence file for MFO
• train_label_mf: The training label file for MFO
• test_seq_mf: The test sequence file for MFO
• test_label_mf: The test label file for MFO
• mf_go_1.pickle: The ontology file for MFO

Data formats:

Sequence

The sequence file is a list, where each element is a directory having the following information:

• 'ID': The ID of the sequence in Swiss-Prot
• 'ac': The acession number of the sequence in Swiss-Prot
• 'date': The date of the sequence released in Swiss-Prot
• 'seq': The amino acid sequence
• 'GO': The GO annotations of the sequence

Label

• The label file is a list, where each element is a list containing the indexes of labels (GO terms).

Ontology

The ontology file is a directory, where each key is a GO term (e.g. 'GO:0030234') in the ontology. Each value is also a directory containing the information for that key:

• 'name': The name of the GO term
• 'ind': The index of this GO term
• 'father': The parent GO terms
• 'child': The children GO terms

Training:

In order to train the model, under src/, run:

python train.py --batch_size 32 --epochs 100 --lr 1e-3 --save_path ./log/ --ontology mf --data_path ../data/ --regular_lambda 0

The above example is to train a model with 32 batch size, 100 epochs, 1e-3 learning rate, MFO ontology, 0 lambda value, with training data path at '../data/Gene_Ontology/EXP_Swiss_Prot/' and save the trained model in './log/'.

Trained models:

The trained models are in 'trained_models/'. (e.g. Our_modelk_MFO* is the kth best model on MFO trained on our dataset; CAFA3_modelk_MFO* is the kth best model on MFO trained on CAFA3 dataset.)

Citation

@article{10.1093/bioinformatics/btab198,
    author = {Cao, Yue and Shen, Yang},
    title = "{TALE: Transformer-based protein function Annotation with joint sequence–Label Embedding}",
    journal = {Bioinformatics},
    year = {2021},
    month = {03},
    issn = {1367-4803},
    doi = {10.1093/bioinformatics/btab198},
    url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab198},
    note = {btab198},
    eprint = {https://academic.oup.com/bioinformatics/advance-article-pdf/doi/10.1093/bioinformatics/btab198/36671287/btab198.pdf},
}

Contact:

Yang Shen: yshen@tamu.edu

Yue Cao: cyppsp@tamu.edu