feat(core/linker): add SimpleChanges interface to lifecycle_hooks

[wardbell]

• Please check if the PR fulfills these requirements
• The commit message follows our guidelines: https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md#commit-message-format
• Tests for the changes have been added (for bug fixes / features) - none needed?
• Docs have been added / updated (for bug fixes / features) - api docs should autoupdate; regular docs await approval of this change.
• What kind of change does this PR introduce? (Bug fix, feature, docs update, ...)
  Adds the clarifying TypeScript interface, SimpleChanges
• What is the current behavior? (You can also link to an open issue here)
  Many people, especially those new to TypeScript, are confused by the current type of the changes parameter - {[propName: string]: SimpleChange}. It's annoying to type and read even if you know immediately what it means. The SimpleChanges interface makes for a more compact and easy to understand syntax.
• What is the new behavior (if this is a feature change)?
• Does this PR introduce a breaking change? (What changes might users need to make in their application due to this PR?)
  Not a breaking change. Emits no code.
• Other information:

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