This repository contains everything related to our project on the LED Chaser Game , ranging from Verilog Code and Logisim to theoretical descriptions.
Detail
Semester: 3rd Sem B.Tech CSE
Section: 1
Member-1: ANIKET MAITRA, 221CS109, am.221cs109@nitk.edu.in
Member-2: DIVYANSHU MANOJBHAI SURTI, 221CS157, surtidivanshumanojbhai.221cs17@nitk.edu.in
Member-3: HARSHITHA GOLLAPALLI, 221CS124, gollpalliharshitha.221cs124@nitk.edu.in
Detail
IDEA
In this project we aim to design a circuit in which we set up 3 columns of LED’s, then we generate light signals in those LED’s in a random manner and keep three special LEDs marked in the bottom. The game is all about when any of those special LED’s light up then we must press a corresponding push-button switch. This switch must be pressed within a very short period of time after the LED lights up. If it is pressed within the limited period of time then the game continues, else it stops.
COMPONENTS
- JK flip flop
- Clock
- AND gates
- Hex display decoder
- Two bit counter
- Two bit Splitter
- Push Button
- LEDs
INSTRUCTIONS/RULES FOR THE GAME
First enable the simulation in Logism by pressing ctrl+E. Second set the reset button high to start the game. Now according to the convenience of the user select that tick frequency. The rules of the game are that whenever the last LED in any column blinks we must press the button corresponding to that column. If we do so in a specific correct time limit then the counter increases our score otherwise the counter does not increase our score. To stop the game press ctrl+R. This stops the simulation. To play again start from the beginning of instructions/rules.
MOTIVATION AND BACKGROUND
The basic idea of the game is to keep the player continuously engaged and test his/her reflex action till he/she makes a mistake. This game can really help to sharpen the reflex action of a person. Another motivation for creating this game is keeping Formula-1 drivers and table tennis players in mind. They need to have extremely sharp reflexes to excel in their respective sport.
CONTRIBUTION
1.Aniket Maitra Came up with the idea of the game using LEDs and the idea of setting a time frame within which the user must press the button and overall design of the hardware model.
- Surti Divyanshu Came up with the idea of terminating the game by lighting up all LEDs when the game gets over and hardware requirments for the project.
3.Harshitha Gollapalli Helped to fix errors in the brainstorming session and recommended better set of hardware components
Detail
| COMPONENTS | WORKING/ROLE |
| Generation of signals to light up LEDs using JK flip flops | The triggering of JK flip flops leads to toggling outputs which further leads to the sequential glowing of LEDs in a pattern. One JK flip flop influences the input of the other JK flip flops in the same sequence for a particular column with synchronized clock pulse. So we have repeated the same combination of JK flip flops for all three columns, but in a random manner which is dependent on the reset button of the JK flip flop. Whenever we want to start the game, we have to toggle the reset button at different clock time to randomize the pattern. |
| Usage of 4 input AND gates | One 4 input AND gate is used as an input to the clear pins of the JK flip flops to reset them to zero. The other 4 input AND gates help to transfer randomized signals from the flip flops to the LEDS as they are connected from the flip flop outputs to the LEDs. |
| Usage of 2 input AND gates | 2 input AND gates take the input from the 4 input AND gates and the push-button switches. If the push-button and the LED (coming from 4 input AND gate) is high at the same time, the counter is increased since the output of the 2 input AND gate is high. But we make sure that counter is increased only in case of the special LED buttons being pressed. |
| Usage of Bit Counter | Whenever the user enters the correct combination for the correct led the output of the particular column AND gate becomes high. Whenever the output of AND gate is high the input of counter will increase by one according to the clock which is applied on it. To display the output of that counter we use another hex display decoder and a reset button to reset the counter whenever we want to stop the game. |
| Usage of Bit Splitter | The counter data output is 8 bit and the hex display decoder input is 4 bit so we use bit splitter to display the number. We have used bit splitter to fan in 8 bit input and fan out into 2 bit output for input of each decoder. |
| Simple push button switches | A Push button switch is used to take the input from the user while the LEDs are lighting up. |
| Clock for Flip Flops and Counter | Clock controls the basic sequence changing from 0 to 1 and vice versa on a particular tick frequency given by a user. A 555 timer IC can be used to generate clock pulses |
Detail
Detail
Testbench
module testbench_LED_Game;
// Inputs
reg clk;
reg reset;
reg start_game;
reg [2:0] button;
// Outputs
wire [3:0] led;
wire game_over;
// Instantiate the LED_Game module
LED_Game uut (
.clk(clk),
.reset(reset),
.start_game(start_game),
.button(button),
.led(led),
.game_over(game_over)
);
// Clock generation
always begin
#10 clk = ~clk; // Toggle the clock every 5 time units (adjust as needed)
end
// Initializations
initial begin
// Specify the VCD file
$dumpfile("project.vcd");
// Dump the signals you want to monitor
$dumpvars(0, testbench_LED_Game);
// Initialize inputs
clk = 0;
reset = 1;
start_game = 0;
button = 0;
// Reset the module
reset = 0;
#10 reset = 1;
// Start the game
start_game = 1;
#10 start_game = 0;
// Simulate game
button = 0;
#100 button = 1;
#50 button = 2;
#60 button = 2;
#30 button = 3;
#40 button = 3;
// Finish the simulation
$finish;
end
// Monitor game_over
always @(game_over) begin
if (game_over)
$display("Game over!");
else
$display("Game in progress...");
end
// Dump VCD output
initial begin
$dumpfile("simulation_results.vcd");
$dumpvars(0, testbench_LED_Game);
end
endmodule
Module File
module LED_Game (
input wire clk, // Clock input
input wire reset, // Reset input
input wire start_game, // Start game signal
input wire [2:0] button, // Push-button inputs (3 buttons)
output wire [3:0] led, // LED outputs (4 columns)
output wire game_over // Game over signal
);
// Parameters
parameter MAX_COUNT = 25000000; // Set this to control the time limit (e.g., 1 second at 25 MHz)
// Internal registers
reg [3:0] special_led; // Stores the index of the currently lit special LED (last row)
reg [3:0] led_pattern; // Stores the LED pattern for each column
reg [31:0] count; // Counter for timing
// Game state
reg game_started; // Indicates whether the game is in progress
reg game_active; // Indicates whether the game is active
reg game_won; // Indicates if the player won the game
// State machine states
localparam IDLE = 2'b00;
localparam PLAYING = 2'b01;
localparam GAME_OVER = 2'b10;
// State register
reg [1:0] state;
always @(posedge clk or posedge reset) begin
if (reset) begin
// Initialize the game
game_started <= 0;
game_active <= 0;
game_won <= 0;
special_led <= 4'b0000;
led_pattern <= 4'b0000;
count <= 0;
state <= IDLE;
end else begin
case(state)
IDLE: begin
if (start_game) begin
// Start the game
game_started <= 1;
game_active <= 1;
state <= PLAYING;
end
end
PLAYING: begin
if (game_active) begin
if (count >= MAX_COUNT) begin
// Time's up - game over
game_active <= 0;
game_won <= 0;
state <= GAME_OVER;
end else if (button == special_led) begin
// Correct button pressed - move to the next LED
special_led <= special_led + 1;
count <= 0;
if (special_led == 4'b1111) begin
// Player won the game
game_active <= 0;
game_won <= 1;
state <= GAME_OVER;
end
end else begin
// Incorrect button pressed - game over
game_active <= 0;
game_won <= 0;
state <= GAME_OVER;
end
end
end
GAME_OVER: begin
if (!game_started || start_game) begin
// Reset the game
game_started <= 0;
game_active <= 0;
special_led <= 4'b0000;
led_pattern <= 4'b0000;
count <= 0;
state <= IDLE;
end
end
endcase
end
end
// LED and Button Logic
assign led = led_pattern;
assign game_over = (state == GAME_OVER);
always @(posedge clk) begin
if (game_active) begin
// Generate random LED pattern for columns
led_pattern <= $random;
end
end
always @(posedge clk) begin
if (game_active) begin
// Increment the count for timing
count <= count + 1;
end
end
endmodule