views.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
# distributed with this work for additional information
# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
# specific language governing permissions and limitations
# under the License.
#

import ast
import codecs
import copy
import datetime as dt
from io import BytesIO
import itertools
import json
import logging
import math
import os
import traceback
from collections import defaultdict
from datetime import timedelta
from functools import wraps
from textwrap import dedent

import markdown
import pendulum
import sqlalchemy as sqla
from flask import (
    abort, jsonify, redirect, url_for, request, Markup, Response,
    current_app, render_template, make_response, send_file)
from flask import flash
from flask_admin import BaseView, expose, AdminIndexView
from flask_admin.actions import action
from flask_admin.babel import lazy_gettext
from flask_admin.contrib.sqla import ModelView
from flask_admin.form.fields import DateTimeField
from flask_admin.tools import iterdecode
from jinja2 import escape
from jinja2.sandbox import ImmutableSandboxedEnvironment
from past.builtins import basestring
from pygments import highlight, lexers
from pygments.formatters import HtmlFormatter
from sqlalchemy import or_, desc, and_, union_all
from wtforms import (
    Form, SelectField, TextAreaField, PasswordField,
    StringField, validators)

import airflow
from airflow import configuration as conf
from airflow import models
from airflow import settings
from airflow.api.common.experimental.mark_tasks import (set_dag_run_state_to_running,
                                                        set_dag_run_state_to_success,
                                                        set_dag_run_state_to_failed)
from airflow.exceptions import AirflowException
from airflow.models import BaseOperator, errors
from airflow.models import XCom, DagRun
from airflow.models.connection import Connection
from airflow.operators.subdag_operator import SubDagOperator
from airflow.ti_deps.dep_context import DepContext, QUEUE_DEPS, SCHEDULER_DEPS
from airflow.utils import timezone
from airflow.utils.dates import infer_time_unit, scale_time_units, parse_execution_date
from airflow.utils.db import create_session, provide_session
from airflow.utils.helpers import alchemy_to_dict, render_log_filename
from airflow.utils.net import get_hostname
from airflow.utils.state import State
from airflow.utils.timezone import datetime
from airflow._vendor import nvd3
from airflow.www import utils as wwwutils
from airflow.www.forms import (DateTimeForm, DateTimeWithNumRunsForm,
                               DateTimeWithNumRunsWithDagRunsForm)
from airflow.www.validators import GreaterEqualThan

QUERY_LIMIT = 100000
CHART_LIMIT = 200000

UTF8_READER = codecs.getreader('utf-8')

dagbag = models.DagBag(settings.DAGS_FOLDER)

login_required = airflow.login.login_required
current_user = airflow.login.current_user
logout_user = airflow.login.logout_user

FILTER_BY_OWNER = False

PAGE_SIZE = conf.getint('webserver', 'page_size')

if conf.getboolean('webserver', 'FILTER_BY_OWNER'):
    # filter_by_owner if authentication is enabled and filter_by_owner is true
    FILTER_BY_OWNER = not current_app.config['LOGIN_DISABLED']


def dag_link(v, c, m, p):
    if m.dag_id is None:
        return Markup()

    url = url_for(
        'airflow.graph',
        dag_id=m.dag_id,
        execution_date=m.execution_date)
    return Markup(
        '<a href="{}">{}</a>').format(url, m.dag_id)


def log_url_formatter(v, c, m, p):
    return Markup(
        '<a href="{m.log_url}">'
        '    <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-book" aria-hidden="true">'
        '</span></a>').format(**locals())


def dag_run_link(v, c, m, p):
    url = url_for(
        'airflow.graph',
        dag_id=m.dag_id,
        run_id=m.run_id,
        execution_date=m.execution_date)
    title = m.run_id
    return Markup('<a href="{url}">{title}</a>').format(**locals())


def task_instance_link(v, c, m, p):
    url = url_for(
        'airflow.task',
        dag_id=m.dag_id,
        task_id=m.task_id,
        execution_date=m.execution_date.isoformat())
    url_root = url_for(
        'airflow.graph',
        dag_id=m.dag_id,
        root=m.task_id,
        execution_date=m.execution_date.isoformat())
    return Markup(
        """
        <span style="white-space: nowrap;">
        <a href="{url}">{m.task_id}</a>
        <a href="{url_root}" title="Filter on this task and upstream">
        <span class="glyphicon glyphicon-filter" style="margin-left: 0px;"
            aria-hidden="true"></span>
        </a>
        </span>
        """).format(**locals())


def state_token(state):
    color = State.color(state)
    return Markup(
        '<span class="label" style="background-color:{color};">'
        '{state}</span>').format(**locals())


def parse_datetime_f(value):
    if not isinstance(value, dt.datetime):
        return value

    return timezone.make_aware(value)


def state_f(v, c, m, p):
    return state_token(m.state)


def duration_f(v, c, m, p):
    if m.end_date and m.duration:
        return timedelta(seconds=m.duration)


def datetime_f(v, c, m, p):
    attr = getattr(m, p)
    dttm = attr.isoformat() if attr else ''
    if timezone.utcnow().isoformat()[:4] == dttm[:4]:
        dttm = dttm[5:]
    return Markup("<nobr>{}</nobr>").format(dttm)


def nobr_f(v, c, m, p):
    return Markup("<nobr>{}</nobr>").format(getattr(m, p))


def label_link(v, c, m, p):
    try:
        default_params = ast.literal_eval(m.default_params)
    except Exception:
        default_params = {}
    url = url_for(
        'airflow.chart', chart_id=m.id, iteration_no=m.iteration_no,
        **default_params)
    title = m.label
    return Markup("<a href='{url}'>{title}</a>").format(**locals())


def pool_link(v, c, m, p):
    title = m.pool

    url = url_for('airflow.task', flt1_pool_equals=m.pool)
    return Markup("<a href='{url}'>{title}</a>").format(**locals())


def pygment_html_render(s, lexer=lexers.TextLexer):
    return highlight(
        s,
        lexer(),
        HtmlFormatter(linenos=True),
    )


def render(obj, lexer):
    out = ""
    if isinstance(obj, basestring):
        out += pygment_html_render(obj, lexer)
    elif isinstance(obj, (tuple, list)):
        for i, s in enumerate(obj):
            out += "<div>List item #{}</div>".format(i)
            out += "<div>" + pygment_html_render(s, lexer) + "</div>"
    elif isinstance(obj, dict):
        for k, v in obj.items():
            out += '<div>Dict item "{}"</div>'.format(k)
            out += "<div>" + pygment_html_render(v, lexer) + "</div>"
    return out


def wrapped_markdown(s):
    return '<div class="rich_doc">' + markdown.markdown(s) + "</div>"


attr_renderer = {
    'bash_command': lambda x: render(x, lexers.BashLexer),
    'hql': lambda x: render(x, lexers.SqlLexer),
    'sql': lambda x: render(x, lexers.SqlLexer),
    'doc': lambda x: render(x, lexers.TextLexer),
    'doc_json': lambda x: render(x, lexers.JsonLexer),
    'doc_rst': lambda x: render(x, lexers.RstLexer),
    'doc_yaml': lambda x: render(x, lexers.YamlLexer),
    'doc_md': wrapped_markdown,
    'python_callable': lambda x: render(
        wwwutils.get_python_source(x),
        lexers.PythonLexer,
    ),
}


def data_profiling_required(f):
    """Decorator for views requiring data profiling access"""
    @wraps(f)
    def decorated_function(*args, **kwargs):
        if (
                current_app.config['LOGIN_DISABLED'] or
                (not current_user.is_anonymous and current_user.data_profiling())
        ):
            return f(*args, **kwargs)
        else:
            flash("This page requires data profiling privileges", "error")
            return redirect(url_for('admin.index'))

    return decorated_function


def fused_slots(v, c, m, p):
    url = url_for(
        'taskinstance.index_view',
        flt1_pool_equals=m.pool,
        flt2_state_equals='running',
    )
    return Markup("<a href='{0}'>{1}</a>").format(url, m.used_slots())


def fqueued_slots(v, c, m, p):
    url = url_for(
        'taskinstance.index_view',
        flt1_pool_equals=m.pool,
        flt2_state_equals='queued',
        sort='1',
        desc='1'
    )
    return Markup("<a href='{0}'>{1}</a>").format(url, m.queued_slots())


def recurse_tasks(tasks, task_ids, dag_ids, task_id_to_dag):
    if isinstance(tasks, list):
        for task in tasks:
            recurse_tasks(task, task_ids, dag_ids, task_id_to_dag)
        return
    if isinstance(tasks, SubDagOperator):
        subtasks = tasks.subdag.tasks
        dag_ids.append(tasks.subdag.dag_id)
        for subtask in subtasks:
            if subtask.task_id not in task_ids:
                task_ids.append(subtask.task_id)
                task_id_to_dag[subtask.task_id] = tasks.subdag
        recurse_tasks(subtasks, task_ids, dag_ids, task_id_to_dag)
    if isinstance(tasks, BaseOperator):
        task_id_to_dag[tasks.task_id] = tasks.dag


def get_chart_height(dag):
    """
    TODO(aoen): See [AIRFLOW-1263] We use the number of tasks in the DAG as a heuristic to
    approximate the size of generated chart (otherwise the charts are tiny and unreadable
    when DAGs have a large number of tasks). Ideally nvd3 should allow for dynamic-height
    charts, that is charts that take up space based on the size of the components within.
    """
    return 600 + len(dag.tasks) * 10


def get_date_time_num_runs_dag_runs_form_data(request, session, dag):
    dttm = request.args.get('execution_date')
    if dttm:
        dttm = pendulum.parse(dttm)
    else:
        dttm = dag.latest_execution_date or timezone.utcnow()

    base_date = request.args.get('base_date')
    if base_date:
        base_date = timezone.parse(base_date)
    else:
        # The DateTimeField widget truncates milliseconds and would loose
        # the first dag run. Round to next second.
        base_date = (dttm + timedelta(seconds=1)).replace(microsecond=0)

    default_dag_run = conf.getint('webserver', 'default_dag_run_display_number')
    num_runs = request.args.get('num_runs')
    num_runs = int(num_runs) if num_runs else default_dag_run

    DR = models.DagRun
    drs = (
        session.query(DR)
        .filter(
            DR.dag_id == dag.dag_id,
            DR.execution_date <= base_date)
        .order_by(desc(DR.execution_date))
        .limit(num_runs)
        .all()
    )
    dr_choices = []
    dr_state = None
    for dr in drs:
        dr_choices.append((dr.execution_date.isoformat(), dr.run_id))
        if dttm == dr.execution_date:
            dr_state = dr.state

    # Happens if base_date was changed and the selected dag run is not in result
    if not dr_state and drs:
        dr = drs[0]
        dttm = dr.execution_date
        dr_state = dr.state

    return {
        'dttm': dttm,
        'base_date': base_date,
        'num_runs': num_runs,
        'execution_date': dttm.isoformat(),
        'dr_choices': dr_choices,
        'dr_state': dr_state,
    }


class Airflow(BaseView):
    def is_visible(self):
        return False

    @expose('/')
    @login_required
    def index(self):
        return self.render('airflow/dags.html')

    @expose('/chart_data')
    @data_profiling_required
    @wwwutils.gzipped
    def chart_data(self):
        from airflow import macros
        import pandas as pd
        if conf.getboolean('core', 'secure_mode'):
            abort(404)

        with create_session() as session:
            chart_id = request.args.get('chart_id')
            csv = request.args.get('csv') == "true"
            chart = session.query(models.Chart).filter_by(id=chart_id).first()
            db = session.query(
                Connection).filter_by(conn_id=chart.conn_id).first()

        payload = {
            "state": "ERROR",
            "error": ""
        }

        # Processing templated fields
        try:
            args = ast.literal_eval(chart.default_params)
            if not isinstance(args, dict):
                raise AirflowException('Not a dict')
        except Exception:
            args = {}
            payload['error'] += (
                "Default params is not valid, string has to evaluate as "
                "a Python dictionary. ")

        request_dict = {k: request.args.get(k) for k in request.args}
        args.update(request_dict)
        args['macros'] = macros
        sandbox = ImmutableSandboxedEnvironment()
        sql = sandbox.from_string(chart.sql).render(**args)
        label = sandbox.from_string(chart.label).render(**args)
        payload['sql_html'] = Markup(highlight(
            sql,
            lexers.SqlLexer(),  # Lexer call
            HtmlFormatter(noclasses=True))
        )
        payload['label'] = label

        pd.set_option('display.max_colwidth', 100)
        hook = db.get_hook()
        try:
            df = hook.get_pandas_df(
                wwwutils.limit_sql(sql, CHART_LIMIT, conn_type=db.conn_type))
            df = df.fillna(0)
        except Exception as e:
            payload['error'] += "SQL execution failed. Details: " + str(e)

        if csv:
            return Response(
                response=df.to_csv(index=False),
                status=200,
                mimetype="application/text")

        if not payload['error'] and len(df) == CHART_LIMIT:
            payload['warning'] = (
                "Data has been truncated to {0}"
                " rows. Expect incomplete results.").format(CHART_LIMIT)

        if not payload['error'] and len(df) == 0:
            payload['error'] += "Empty result set. "
        elif (
                not payload['error'] and
                chart.sql_layout == 'series' and
                chart.chart_type != "datatable" and
                len(df.columns) < 3):
            payload['error'] += "SQL needs to return at least 3 columns. "
        elif (
                not payload['error'] and
                chart.sql_layout == 'columns' and
                len(df.columns) < 2):
            payload['error'] += "SQL needs to return at least 2 columns. "
        elif not payload['error']:
            import numpy as np
            chart_type = chart.chart_type

            data = None
            if chart.show_datatable or chart_type == "datatable":
                data = df.to_dict(orient="split")
                data['columns'] = [{'title': c} for c in data['columns']]
                payload['data'] = data

            # Trying to convert time to something Highcharts likes
            x_col = 1 if chart.sql_layout == 'series' else 0
            if chart.x_is_date:
                try:
                    # From string to datetime
                    df[df.columns[x_col]] = pd.to_datetime(
                        df[df.columns[x_col]])
                    df[df.columns[x_col]] = df[df.columns[x_col]].apply(
                        lambda x: int(x.strftime("%s")) * 1000)
                except Exception:
                    payload['error'] = "Time conversion failed"

            if chart_type == 'datatable':
                payload['state'] = 'SUCCESS'
                return wwwutils.json_response(payload)
            else:
                if chart.sql_layout == 'series':
                    # User provides columns (series, x, y)
                    df[df.columns[2]] = df[df.columns[2]].astype(np.float)
                    df = df.pivot_table(
                        index=df.columns[1],
                        columns=df.columns[0],
                        values=df.columns[2], aggfunc=np.sum)
                else:
                    # User provides columns (x, y, metric1, metric2, ...)
                    df.index = df[df.columns[0]]
                    df = df.sort_values(by=df.columns[0])
                    del df[df.columns[0]]
                    for col in df.columns:
                        df[col] = df[col].astype(np.float)

                df = df.fillna(0)
                NVd3ChartClass = chart_mapping.get(chart.chart_type)
                NVd3ChartClass = getattr(nvd3, NVd3ChartClass)
                nvd3_chart = NVd3ChartClass(x_is_date=chart.x_is_date)

                for col in df.columns:
                    nvd3_chart.add_serie(name=col, y=df[col].tolist(), x=df[col].index.tolist())
                try:
                    nvd3_chart.buildcontent()
                    payload['chart_type'] = nvd3_chart.__class__.__name__
                    payload['htmlcontent'] = nvd3_chart.htmlcontent
                except Exception as e:
                    payload['error'] = str(e)

            payload['state'] = 'SUCCESS'
            payload['request_dict'] = request_dict
        return wwwutils.json_response(payload)

    @expose('/chart')
    @data_profiling_required
    def chart(self):
        if conf.getboolean('core', 'secure_mode'):
            abort(404)

        with create_session() as session:
            chart_id = request.args.get('chart_id')
            embed = request.args.get('embed')
            chart = session.query(models.Chart).filter_by(id=chart_id).first()

        NVd3ChartClass = chart_mapping.get(chart.chart_type)
        if not NVd3ChartClass:
            flash(
                "Not supported anymore as the license was incompatible, "
                "sorry",
                "danger")
            redirect('/admin/chart/')

        sql = ""
        if chart.show_sql:
            sql = Markup(highlight(
                chart.sql,
                lexers.SqlLexer(),  # Lexer call
                HtmlFormatter(noclasses=True))
            )
        return self.render(
            'airflow/nvd3.html',
            chart=chart,
            title="Airflow - Chart",
            sql=sql,
            label=chart.label,
            embed=embed)

    @expose('/dag_stats')
    @login_required
    @provide_session
    def dag_stats(self, session=None):
        dr = models.DagRun
        dm = models.DagModel
        dag_ids = session.query(dm.dag_id)

        dag_state_stats = (
            session.query(dr.dag_id, dr.state, sqla.func.count(dr.state)).group_by(dr.dag_id, dr.state)
        )

        data = {}
        for (dag_id, ) in dag_ids:
            data[dag_id] = {}
        for dag_id, state, count in dag_state_stats:
            if dag_id not in data:
                data[dag_id] = {}
            data[dag_id][state] = count

        payload = {}
        for dag_id, d in data.items():
            payload[dag_id] = []
            for state in State.dag_states:
                count = d.get(state, 0)
                payload[dag_id].append({
                    'state': state,
                    'count': count,
                    'dag_id': dag_id,
                    'color': State.color(state)
                })
        return wwwutils.json_response(payload)

    @expose('/task_stats')
    @login_required
    @provide_session
    def task_stats(self, session=None):
        TI = models.TaskInstance
        DagRun = models.DagRun
        Dag = models.DagModel

        dag_ids = session.query(Dag.dag_id)

        LastDagRun = (
            session.query(DagRun.dag_id, sqla.func.max(DagRun.execution_date).label('execution_date'))
                .join(Dag, Dag.dag_id == DagRun.dag_id)
                .filter(DagRun.state != State.RUNNING)
                .filter(Dag.is_active == True)  # noqa: E712
                .filter(Dag.is_subdag == False)  # noqa: E712
                .group_by(DagRun.dag_id)
                .subquery('last_dag_run')
        )
        RunningDagRun = (
            session.query(DagRun.dag_id, DagRun.execution_date)
                .join(Dag, Dag.dag_id == DagRun.dag_id)
                .filter(DagRun.state == State.RUNNING)
                .filter(Dag.is_active == True)  # noqa: E712
                .filter(Dag.is_subdag == False)  # noqa: E712
                .subquery('running_dag_run')
        )

        # Select all task_instances from active dag_runs.
        # If no dag_run is active, return task instances from most recent dag_run.
        LastTI = (
            session.query(TI.dag_id.label('dag_id'), TI.state.label('state'))
            .join(LastDagRun, and_(
                LastDagRun.c.dag_id == TI.dag_id,
                LastDagRun.c.execution_date == TI.execution_date))
        )
        RunningTI = (
            session.query(TI.dag_id.label('dag_id'), TI.state.label('state'))
            .join(RunningDagRun, and_(
                RunningDagRun.c.dag_id == TI.dag_id,
                RunningDagRun.c.execution_date == TI.execution_date))
        )

        UnionTI = union_all(LastTI, RunningTI).alias('union_ti')
        qry = (
            session.query(UnionTI.c.dag_id, UnionTI.c.state, sqla.func.count())
            .group_by(UnionTI.c.dag_id, UnionTI.c.state)
        )

        data = {}
        for dag_id, state, count in qry:
            if dag_id not in data:
                data[dag_id] = {}
            data[dag_id][state] = count
        session.commit()

        payload = {}
        for (dag_id, ) in dag_ids:
            payload[dag_id] = []
            for state in State.task_states:
                count = data.get(dag_id, {}).get(state, 0)
                payload[dag_id].append({
                    'state': state,
                    'count': count,
                    'dag_id': dag_id,
                    'color': State.color(state)
                })
        return wwwutils.json_response(payload)

    @expose('/code')
    @login_required
    @provide_session
    def code(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dm = models.DagModel
        dag = session.query(dm).filter(dm.dag_id == dag_id).first()
        try:
            with wwwutils.open_maybe_zipped(dag.fileloc, 'r') as f:
                code = f.read()
            html_code = highlight(
                code, lexers.PythonLexer(), HtmlFormatter(linenos=True))
        except IOError as e:
            html_code = str(e)

        return self.render(
            'airflow/dag_code.html', html_code=html_code, dag=dag, title=dag_id,
            root=request.args.get('root'),
            demo_mode=conf.getboolean('webserver', 'demo_mode'))

    @expose('/dag_details')
    @login_required
    @provide_session
    def dag_details(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        title = "DAG details"
        root = request.args.get('root', '')

        TI = models.TaskInstance
        states = session\
            .query(TI.state, sqla.func.count(TI.dag_id))\
            .filter(TI.dag_id == dag_id)\
            .group_by(TI.state)\
            .all()

        active_runs = models.DagRun.find(
            dag_id=dag.dag_id,
            state=State.RUNNING,
            external_trigger=False,
            session=session
        )

        return self.render(
            'airflow/dag_details.html',
            dag=dag, title=title, root=root, states=states, State=State,
            active_runs=active_runs)

    @current_app.errorhandler(404)
    def circles(self):
        return render_template(
            'airflow/circles.html', hostname=get_hostname()), 404

    @current_app.errorhandler(500)
    def show_traceback(self):
        from airflow.utils import asciiart as ascii_
        return render_template(
            'airflow/traceback.html',
            hostname=get_hostname(),
            nukular=ascii_.nukular,
            info=traceback.format_exc()), 500

    @expose('/noaccess')
    def noaccess(self):
        return self.render('airflow/noaccess.html')

    @expose('/pickle_info')
    @login_required
    def pickle_info(self):
        d = {}
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dags = [dagbag.dags.get(dag_id)] if dag_id else dagbag.dags.values()
        for dag in dags:
            if not dag.is_subdag:
                d[dag.dag_id] = dag.pickle_info()
        return wwwutils.json_response(d)

    @expose('/login', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
    def login(self):
        return airflow.login.login(self, request)

    @expose('/logout')
    def logout(self):
        logout_user()
        flash('You have been logged out.')
        return redirect(url_for('admin.index'))

    @expose('/rendered')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    def rendered(self):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.args.get('task_id')
        execution_date = request.args.get('execution_date')
        dttm = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        form = DateTimeForm(data={'execution_date': dttm})
        root = request.args.get('root', '')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        task = copy.copy(dag.get_task(task_id))
        ti = models.TaskInstance(task=task, execution_date=dttm)
        try:
            ti.render_templates()
        except Exception as e:
            flash("Error rendering template: " + str(e), "error")
        title = "Rendered Template"
        html_dict = {}
        for template_field in task.__class__.template_fields:
            content = getattr(task, template_field)
            if template_field in attr_renderer:
                html_dict[template_field] = attr_renderer[template_field](content)
            else:
                html_dict[template_field] = (
                    "<pre><code>" + str(content) + "</pre></code>")

        return self.render(
            'airflow/ti_code.html',
            html_dict=html_dict,
            dag=dag,
            task_id=task_id,
            execution_date=execution_date,
            form=form,
            root=root,
            title=title)

    @expose('/get_logs_with_metadata')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def get_logs_with_metadata(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.args.get('task_id')
        execution_date = request.args.get('execution_date')
        dttm = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        if request.args.get('try_number') is not None:
            try_number = int(request.args.get('try_number'))
        else:
            try_number = None
        response_format = request.args.get('format', 'json')

        metadata = request.args.get('metadata')
        metadata = json.loads(metadata)

        # metadata may be null
        if not metadata:
            metadata = {}

        # Convert string datetime into actual datetime
        try:
            execution_date = timezone.parse(execution_date)
        except ValueError:
            error_message = (
                'Given execution date, {}, could not be identified '
                'as a date. Example date format: 2015-11-16T14:34:15+00:00'.format(
                    execution_date))
            response = jsonify({'error': error_message})
            response.status_code = 400

            return response

        logger = logging.getLogger('airflow.task')
        task_log_reader = conf.get('core', 'task_log_reader')
        handler = next((handler for handler in logger.handlers
                        if handler.name == task_log_reader), None)

        ti = session.query(models.TaskInstance).filter(
            models.TaskInstance.dag_id == dag_id,
            models.TaskInstance.task_id == task_id,
            models.TaskInstance.execution_date == dttm).first()
        try:
            if ti is None:
                logs = ["*** Task instance did not exist in the DB\n"]
                metadata['end_of_log'] = True
            else:
                dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
                ti.task = dag.get_task(ti.task_id)
                logs, metadatas = handler.read(ti, try_number, metadata=metadata)
                metadata = metadatas[0]

            if response_format == 'json':
                message = logs[0] if try_number is not None else logs
                return jsonify(message=message, metadata=metadata)

            file_obj = BytesIO(b'\n'.join(
                log.encode('utf-8') for log in logs
            ))
            filename_template = conf.get('core', 'LOG_FILENAME_TEMPLATE')
            attachment_filename = render_log_filename(
                ti=ti,
                try_number="all" if try_number is None else try_number,
                filename_template=filename_template)
            return send_file(file_obj, as_attachment=True,
                             attachment_filename=attachment_filename)
        except AttributeError as e:
            error_message = ["Task log handler {} does not support read logs.\n{}\n"
                             .format(task_log_reader, str(e))]
            metadata['end_of_log'] = True
            return jsonify(message=error_message, error=True, metadata=metadata)

    @expose('/log')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def log(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.args.get('task_id')
        execution_date = request.args.get('execution_date')
        dttm = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        form = DateTimeForm(data={'execution_date': dttm})
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)

        ti = session.query(models.TaskInstance).filter(
            models.TaskInstance.dag_id == dag_id,
            models.TaskInstance.task_id == task_id,
            models.TaskInstance.execution_date == dttm).first()

        num_logs = 0
        if ti is not None:
            num_logs = ti.next_try_number - 1
            if ti.state == State.UP_FOR_RESCHEDULE:
                # Tasks in reschedule state decremented the try number
                num_logs += 1
        logs = [''] * num_logs
        root = request.args.get('root', '')
        return self.render(
            'airflow/ti_log.html',
            logs=logs, dag=dag, title="Log by attempts",
            dag_id=dag.dag_id, task_id=task_id,
            execution_date=execution_date, form=form,
            root=root)

    @expose('/task')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    def task(self):
        TI = models.TaskInstance

        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.args.get('task_id')
        # Carrying execution_date through, even though it's irrelevant for
        # this context
        execution_date = request.args.get('execution_date')
        dttm = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        form = DateTimeForm(data={'execution_date': dttm})
        root = request.args.get('root', '')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)

        if not dag or task_id not in dag.task_ids:
            flash(
                "Task [{}.{}] doesn't seem to exist"
                " at the moment".format(dag_id, task_id),
                "error")
            return redirect('/admin/')
        task = copy.copy(dag.get_task(task_id))
        task.resolve_template_files()
        ti = TI(task=task, execution_date=dttm)
        ti.refresh_from_db()

        ti_attrs = []
        for attr_name in dir(ti):
            if not attr_name.startswith('_'):
                attr = getattr(ti, attr_name)
                if type(attr) != type(self.task):  # noqa: E721
                    ti_attrs.append((attr_name, str(attr)))

        task_attrs = []
        for attr_name in dir(task):
            if not attr_name.startswith('_'):
                attr = getattr(task, attr_name)
                if type(attr) != type(self.task) and \
                        attr_name not in attr_renderer:  # noqa: E721
                    task_attrs.append((attr_name, str(attr)))

        # Color coding the special attributes that are code
        special_attrs_rendered = {}
        for attr_name in attr_renderer:
            if hasattr(task, attr_name):
                source = getattr(task, attr_name)
                special_attrs_rendered[attr_name] = attr_renderer[attr_name](source)

        no_failed_deps_result = [(
            "Unknown",
            dedent("""\
            All dependencies are met but the task instance is not running.
            In most cases this just means that the task will probably
            be scheduled soon unless:<br/>
            - The scheduler is down or under heavy load<br/>
            - The following configuration values may be limiting the number
            of queueable processes:
              <code>parallelism</code>,
              <code>dag_concurrency</code>,
              <code>max_active_dag_runs_per_dag</code>,
              <code>non_pooled_task_slot_count</code><br/>
            {}
            <br/>
            If this task instance does not start soon please contact your Airflow """
                   """administrator for assistance."""
                   .format(
                       "- This task instance already ran and had its state changed "
                       "manually (e.g. cleared in the UI)<br/>"
                       if ti.state == State.NONE else "")))]

        # Use the scheduler's context to figure out which dependencies are not met
        dep_context = DepContext(SCHEDULER_DEPS)
        failed_dep_reasons = [(dep.dep_name, dep.reason) for dep in
                              ti.get_failed_dep_statuses(
                                  dep_context=dep_context)]

        title = "Task Instance Details"
        return self.render(
            'airflow/task.html',
            task_attrs=task_attrs,
            ti_attrs=ti_attrs,
            failed_dep_reasons=failed_dep_reasons or no_failed_deps_result,
            task_id=task_id,
            execution_date=execution_date,
            special_attrs_rendered=special_attrs_rendered,
            form=form,
            root=root,
            dag=dag, title=title)

    @expose('/xcom')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def xcom(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.args.get('task_id')
        # Carrying execution_date through, even though it's irrelevant for
        # this context
        execution_date = request.args.get('execution_date')
        dttm = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        form = DateTimeForm(data={'execution_date': dttm})
        root = request.args.get('root', '')
        dm_db = models.DagModel
        ti_db = models.TaskInstance
        dag = session.query(dm_db).filter(dm_db.dag_id == dag_id).first()
        ti = session.query(ti_db).filter(ti_db.dag_id == dag_id and ti_db.task_id == task_id).first()
        if not ti:
            flash(
                "Task [{}.{}] doesn't seem to exist"
                " at the moment".format(dag_id, task_id),
                "error")
            return redirect('/admin/')

        xcomlist = session.query(XCom).filter(
            XCom.dag_id == dag_id, XCom.task_id == task_id,
            XCom.execution_date == dttm).all()

        attributes = []
        for xcom in xcomlist:
            if not xcom.key.startswith('_'):
                attributes.append((xcom.key, xcom.value))

        title = "XCom"
        return self.render(
            'airflow/xcom.html',
            attributes=attributes,
            task_id=task_id,
            execution_date=execution_date,
            form=form,
            root=root,
            dag=dag, title=title)

    @expose('/run', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def run(self):
        dag_id = request.form.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.form.get('task_id')
        origin = request.form.get('origin')

        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        task = dag.get_task(task_id)

        execution_date = request.form.get('execution_date')
        execution_date = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        ignore_all_deps = request.form.get('ignore_all_deps') == "true"
        ignore_task_deps = request.form.get('ignore_task_deps') == "true"
        ignore_ti_state = request.form.get('ignore_ti_state') == "true"

        from airflow.executors import GetDefaultExecutor
        executor = GetDefaultExecutor()
        valid_celery_config = False
        valid_kubernetes_config = False

        try:
            from airflow.executors.celery_executor import CeleryExecutor
            valid_celery_config = isinstance(executor, CeleryExecutor)
        except ImportError:
            pass

        try:
            from airflow.contrib.executors.kubernetes_executor import KubernetesExecutor
            valid_kubernetes_config = isinstance(executor, KubernetesExecutor)
        except ImportError:
            pass

        if not valid_celery_config and not valid_kubernetes_config:
            flash("Only works with the Celery or Kubernetes executors, sorry", "error")
            return redirect(origin)

        ti = models.TaskInstance(task=task, execution_date=execution_date)
        ti.refresh_from_db()

        # Make sure the task instance can be queued
        dep_context = DepContext(
            deps=QUEUE_DEPS,
            ignore_all_deps=ignore_all_deps,
            ignore_task_deps=ignore_task_deps,
            ignore_ti_state=ignore_ti_state)
        failed_deps = list(ti.get_failed_dep_statuses(dep_context=dep_context))
        if failed_deps:
            failed_deps_str = ", ".join(
                ["{}: {}".format(dep.dep_name, dep.reason) for dep in failed_deps])
            flash("Could not queue task instance for execution, dependencies not met: "
                  "{}".format(failed_deps_str),
                  "error")
            return redirect(origin)

        executor.start()
        executor.queue_task_instance(
            ti,
            ignore_all_deps=ignore_all_deps,
            ignore_task_deps=ignore_task_deps,
            ignore_ti_state=ignore_ti_state)
        executor.heartbeat()
        flash(
            "Sent {} to the message queue, "
            "it should start any moment now.".format(ti))
        return redirect(origin)

    @expose('/delete', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def delete(self):
        from airflow.api.common.experimental import delete_dag
        from airflow.exceptions import DagNotFound, DagFileExists

        dag_id = request.values.get('dag_id')
        origin = request.values.get('origin') or "/admin/"

        try:
            delete_dag.delete_dag(dag_id)
        except DagNotFound:
            flash("DAG with id {} not found. Cannot delete".format(dag_id))
            return redirect(request.referrer)
        except DagFileExists:
            flash("Dag id {} is still in DagBag. "
                  "Remove the DAG file first.".format(dag_id))
            return redirect(request.referrer)

        flash("Deleting DAG with id {}. May take a couple minutes to fully"
              " disappear.".format(dag_id))
        # Upon successful delete return to origin
        return redirect(origin)

    @expose('/trigger', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    @provide_session
    def trigger(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.values.get('dag_id')
        origin = request.values.get('origin') or "/admin/"
        dag = session.query(models.DagModel).filter(models.DagModel.dag_id == dag_id).first()
        if not dag:
            flash("Cannot find dag {}".format(dag_id))
            return redirect(origin)

        execution_date = timezone.utcnow()
        run_id = "manual__{0}".format(execution_date.isoformat())

        dr = DagRun.find(dag_id=dag_id, run_id=run_id)
        if dr:
            flash("This run_id {} already exists".format(run_id))
            return redirect(origin)

        run_conf = {}

        dag.create_dagrun(
            run_id=run_id,
            execution_date=execution_date,
            state=State.RUNNING,
            conf=run_conf,
            external_trigger=True
        )

        flash(
            "Triggered {}, "
            "it should start any moment now.".format(dag_id))
        return redirect(origin)

    def _clear_dag_tis(self, dag, start_date, end_date, origin,
                       recursive=False, confirmed=False):
        if confirmed:
            count = dag.clear(
                start_date=start_date,
                end_date=end_date,
                include_subdags=recursive,
                include_parentdag=recursive,
            )

            flash("{0} task instances have been cleared".format(count))
            return redirect(origin)

        tis = dag.clear(
            start_date=start_date,
            end_date=end_date,
            include_subdags=recursive,
            dry_run=True,
            include_parentdag=recursive,
        )
        if not tis:
            flash("No task instances to clear", 'error')
            response = redirect(origin)
        else:
            details = "\n".join([str(t) for t in tis])

            response = self.render(
                'airflow/confirm.html',
                message=("Here's the list of task instances you are about "
                         "to clear:"),
                details=details)

        return response

    @expose('/clear', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def clear(self):
        dag_id = request.form.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.form.get('task_id')
        origin = request.form.get('origin')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)

        execution_date = request.form.get('execution_date')
        execution_date = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        confirmed = request.form.get('confirmed') == "true"
        upstream = request.form.get('upstream') == "true"
        downstream = request.form.get('downstream') == "true"
        future = request.form.get('future') == "true"
        past = request.form.get('past') == "true"
        recursive = request.form.get('recursive') == "true"

        dag = dag.sub_dag(
            task_regex=r"^{0}$".format(task_id),
            include_downstream=downstream,
            include_upstream=upstream)

        end_date = execution_date if not future else None
        start_date = execution_date if not past else None

        return self._clear_dag_tis(dag, start_date, end_date, origin,
                                   recursive=recursive, confirmed=confirmed)

    @expose('/dagrun_clear', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def dagrun_clear(self):
        dag_id = request.form.get('dag_id')
        origin = request.form.get('origin')
        execution_date = request.form.get('execution_date')
        confirmed = request.form.get('confirmed') == "true"

        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        execution_date = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        start_date = execution_date
        end_date = execution_date

        return self._clear_dag_tis(dag, start_date, end_date, origin,
                                   recursive=True, confirmed=confirmed)

    @expose('/blocked')
    @login_required
    @provide_session
    def blocked(self, session=None):
        DR = models.DagRun
        dags = session\
            .query(DR.dag_id, sqla.func.count(DR.id))\
            .filter(DR.state == State.RUNNING)\
            .group_by(DR.dag_id)\
            .all()

        payload = []
        for dag_id, active_dag_runs in dags:
            max_active_runs = 0
            if dag_id in dagbag.dags:
                max_active_runs = dagbag.dags[dag_id].max_active_runs
            payload.append({
                'dag_id': dag_id,
                'active_dag_run': active_dag_runs,
                'max_active_runs': max_active_runs,
            })
        return wwwutils.json_response(payload)

    def _mark_dagrun_state_as_failed(self, dag_id, execution_date, confirmed, origin):
        if not execution_date:
            flash('Invalid execution date', 'error')
            return redirect(origin)

        execution_date = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)

        if not dag:
            flash('Cannot find DAG: {}'.format(dag_id), 'error')
            return redirect(origin)

        new_dag_state = set_dag_run_state_to_failed(dag, execution_date, commit=confirmed)

        if confirmed:
            flash('Marked failed on {} task instances'.format(len(new_dag_state)))
            return redirect(origin)

        else:
            details = '\n'.join([str(t) for t in new_dag_state])

            response = self.render('airflow/confirm.html',
                                   message=("Here's the list of task instances you are "
                                            "about to mark as failed"),
                                   details=details)

            return response

    def _mark_dagrun_state_as_success(self, dag_id, execution_date, confirmed, origin):
        if not execution_date:
            flash('Invalid execution date', 'error')
            return redirect(origin)

        execution_date = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)

        if not dag:
            flash('Cannot find DAG: {}'.format(dag_id), 'error')
            return redirect(origin)

        new_dag_state = set_dag_run_state_to_success(dag, execution_date,
                                                     commit=confirmed)

        if confirmed:
            flash('Marked success on {} task instances'.format(len(new_dag_state)))
            return redirect(origin)

        else:
            details = '\n'.join([str(t) for t in new_dag_state])

            response = self.render('airflow/confirm.html',
                                   message=("Here's the list of task instances you are "
                                            "about to mark as success"),
                                   details=details)

            return response

    @expose('/dagrun_failed', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def dagrun_failed(self):
        dag_id = request.form.get('dag_id')
        execution_date = request.form.get('execution_date')
        confirmed = request.form.get('confirmed') == 'true'
        origin = request.form.get('origin')
        return self._mark_dagrun_state_as_failed(dag_id, execution_date,
                                                 confirmed, origin)

    @expose('/dagrun_success', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def dagrun_success(self):
        dag_id = request.form.get('dag_id')
        execution_date = request.form.get('execution_date')
        confirmed = request.form.get('confirmed') == 'true'
        origin = request.form.get('origin')
        return self._mark_dagrun_state_as_success(dag_id, execution_date,
                                                  confirmed, origin)

    def _mark_task_instance_state(self, dag_id, task_id, origin, execution_date,
                                  confirmed, upstream, downstream,
                                  future, past, state):
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        task = dag.get_task(task_id)
        task.dag = dag

        execution_date = pendulum.parse(execution_date)

        if not dag:
            flash("Cannot find DAG: {}".format(dag_id))
            return redirect(origin)

        if not task:
            flash("Cannot find task {} in DAG {}".format(task_id, dag.dag_id))
            return redirect(origin)

        from airflow.api.common.experimental.mark_tasks import set_state

        if confirmed:
            altered = set_state(task=task, execution_date=execution_date,
                                upstream=upstream, downstream=downstream,
                                future=future, past=past, state=state,
                                commit=True)

            flash("Marked {} on {} task instances".format(state, len(altered)))
            return redirect(origin)

        to_be_altered = set_state(task=task, execution_date=execution_date,
                                  upstream=upstream, downstream=downstream,
                                  future=future, past=past, state=state,
                                  commit=False)

        details = "\n".join([str(t) for t in to_be_altered])

        response = self.render("airflow/confirm.html",
                               message=("Here's the list of task instances you are "
                                        "about to mark as {}:".format(state)),
                               details=details)

        return response

    @expose('/failed', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def failed(self):
        dag_id = request.form.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.form.get('task_id')
        origin = request.form.get('origin')
        execution_date = request.form.get('execution_date')

        confirmed = request.form.get('confirmed') == "true"
        upstream = request.form.get('upstream') == "true"
        downstream = request.form.get('downstream') == "true"
        future = request.form.get('future') == "true"
        past = request.form.get('past') == "true"

        return self._mark_task_instance_state(dag_id, task_id, origin, execution_date,
                                              confirmed, upstream, downstream,
                                              future, past, State.FAILED)

    @expose('/success', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @wwwutils.notify_owner
    def success(self):
        dag_id = request.form.get('dag_id')
        task_id = request.form.get('task_id')
        origin = request.form.get('origin')
        execution_date = request.form.get('execution_date')

        confirmed = request.form.get('confirmed') == "true"
        upstream = request.form.get('upstream') == "true"
        downstream = request.form.get('downstream') == "true"
        future = request.form.get('future') == "true"
        past = request.form.get('past') == "true"

        return self._mark_task_instance_state(dag_id, task_id, origin, execution_date,
                                              confirmed, upstream, downstream,
                                              future, past, State.SUCCESS)

    @expose('/tree')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.gzipped
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def tree(self, session=None):
        default_dag_run = conf.getint('webserver', 'default_dag_run_display_number')
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        blur = conf.getboolean('webserver', 'demo_mode')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        if dag_id not in dagbag.dags:
            flash('DAG "{0}" seems to be missing.'.format(dag_id), "error")
            return redirect('/admin/')

        root = request.args.get('root')
        if root:
            dag = dag.sub_dag(
                task_regex=root,
                include_downstream=False,
                include_upstream=True)

        base_date = request.args.get('base_date')
        num_runs = request.args.get('num_runs')
        num_runs = int(num_runs) if num_runs else default_dag_run

        if base_date:
            base_date = timezone.parse(base_date)
        else:
            base_date = dag.latest_execution_date or timezone.utcnow()

        DR = models.DagRun
        dag_runs = (
            session.query(DR)
            .filter(
                DR.dag_id == dag.dag_id,
                DR.execution_date <= base_date)
            .order_by(DR.execution_date.desc())
            .limit(num_runs)
            .all()
        )
        dag_runs = {
            dr.execution_date: alchemy_to_dict(dr) for dr in dag_runs}

        dates = sorted(list(dag_runs.keys()))
        max_date = max(dates) if dates else None
        min_date = min(dates) if dates else None

        tis = dag.get_task_instances(
            session, start_date=min_date, end_date=base_date)
        task_instances = {}
        for ti in tis:
            tid = alchemy_to_dict(ti)
            dr = dag_runs.get(ti.execution_date)
            tid['external_trigger'] = dr['external_trigger'] if dr else False
            task_instances[(ti.task_id, ti.execution_date)] = tid

        expanded = []
        # The default recursion traces every path so that tree view has full
        # expand/collapse functionality. After 5,000 nodes we stop and fall
        # back on a quick DFS search for performance. See PR #320.
        node_count = [0]
        node_limit = 5000 / max(1, len(dag.roots))

        def recurse_nodes(task, visited):
            visited.add(task)
            node_count[0] += 1

            children = [
                recurse_nodes(t, visited) for t in task.upstream_list
                if node_count[0] < node_limit or t not in visited]

            # D3 tree uses children vs _children to define what is
            # expanded or not. The following block makes it such that
            # repeated nodes are collapsed by default.
            children_key = 'children'
            if task.task_id not in expanded:
                expanded.append(task.task_id)
            elif children:
                children_key = "_children"

            def set_duration(tid):
                if isinstance(tid, dict) and tid.get("state") == State.RUNNING \
                        and tid["start_date"] is not None:
                    d = timezone.utcnow() - pendulum.parse(tid["start_date"])
                    tid["duration"] = d.total_seconds()
                return tid

            return {
                'name': task.task_id,
                'instances': [
                    set_duration(task_instances.get((task.task_id, d))) or {
                        'execution_date': d.isoformat(),
                        'task_id': task.task_id
                    }
                    for d in dates],
                children_key: children,
                'num_dep': len(task.upstream_list),
                'operator': task.task_type,
                'retries': task.retries,
                'owner': task.owner,
                'start_date': task.start_date,
                'end_date': task.end_date,
                'depends_on_past': task.depends_on_past,
                'ui_color': task.ui_color,
            }

        data = {
            'name': '[DAG]',
            'children': [recurse_nodes(t, set()) for t in dag.roots],
            'instances': [dag_runs.get(d) or {'execution_date': d.isoformat()} for d in dates],
        }

        session.commit()

        form = DateTimeWithNumRunsForm(data={'base_date': max_date,
                                             'num_runs': num_runs})
        return self.render(
            'airflow/tree.html',
            operators=sorted(
                list(set([op.__class__ for op in dag.tasks])),
                key=lambda x: x.__name__
            ),
            root=root,
            form=form,
            dag=dag, data=data, blur=blur, num_runs=num_runs)

    @expose('/graph')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.gzipped
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def graph(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        blur = conf.getboolean('webserver', 'demo_mode')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        if dag_id not in dagbag.dags:
            flash('DAG "{0}" seems to be missing.'.format(dag_id), "error")
            return redirect('/admin/')

        root = request.args.get('root')
        if root:
            dag = dag.sub_dag(
                task_regex=root,
                include_upstream=True,
                include_downstream=False)

        arrange = request.args.get('arrange', dag.orientation)

        nodes = []
        edges = []
        for task in dag.tasks:
            nodes.append({
                'id': task.task_id,
                'value': {
                    'label': task.task_id,
                    'labelStyle': "fill:{0};".format(task.ui_fgcolor),
                    'style': "fill:{0};".format(task.ui_color),
                }
            })

        def get_upstream(task):
            for t in task.upstream_list:
                edge = {
                    'u': t.task_id,
                    'v': task.task_id,
                }
                if edge not in edges:
                    edges.append(edge)
                    get_upstream(t)

        for t in dag.roots:
            get_upstream(t)

        dt_nr_dr_data = get_date_time_num_runs_dag_runs_form_data(request, session, dag)
        dt_nr_dr_data['arrange'] = arrange
        dttm = dt_nr_dr_data['dttm']

        class GraphForm(DateTimeWithNumRunsWithDagRunsForm):
            arrange = SelectField("Layout", choices=(
                ('LR', "Left->Right"),
                ('RL', "Right->Left"),
                ('TB', "Top->Bottom"),
                ('BT', "Bottom->Top"),
            ))

        form = GraphForm(data=dt_nr_dr_data)
        form.execution_date.choices = dt_nr_dr_data['dr_choices']

        task_instances = {
            ti.task_id: alchemy_to_dict(ti)
            for ti in dag.get_task_instances(session, dttm, dttm)}
        tasks = {
            t.task_id: {
                'dag_id': t.dag_id,
                'task_type': t.task_type,
            }
            for t in dag.tasks}
        if not tasks:
            flash("No tasks found", "error")
        session.commit()
        doc_md = markdown.markdown(dag.doc_md) if hasattr(dag, 'doc_md') and dag.doc_md else ''

        return self.render(
            'airflow/graph.html',
            dag=dag,
            form=form,
            width=request.args.get('width', "100%"),
            height=request.args.get('height', "800"),
            execution_date=dttm.isoformat(),
            state_token=state_token(dt_nr_dr_data['dr_state']),
            doc_md=doc_md,
            arrange=arrange,
            operators=sorted(
                list(set([op.__class__ for op in dag.tasks])),
                key=lambda x: x.__name__
            ),
            blur=blur,
            root=root or '',
            task_instances=task_instances,
            tasks=tasks,
            nodes=nodes,
            edges=edges)

    @expose('/duration')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def duration(self, session=None):
        default_dag_run = conf.getint('webserver', 'default_dag_run_display_number')
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        base_date = request.args.get('base_date')
        num_runs = request.args.get('num_runs')
        num_runs = int(num_runs) if num_runs else default_dag_run

        if dag is None:
            flash('DAG "{0}" seems to be missing.'.format(dag_id), "error")
            return redirect('/admin/')

        if base_date:
            base_date = pendulum.parse(base_date)
        else:
            base_date = dag.latest_execution_date or timezone.utcnow()

        dates = dag.date_range(base_date, num=-abs(num_runs))
        min_date = dates[0] if dates else datetime(2000, 1, 1)

        root = request.args.get('root')
        if root:
            dag = dag.sub_dag(
                task_regex=root,
                include_upstream=True,
                include_downstream=False)

        chart_height = get_chart_height(dag)
        chart = nvd3.lineChart(
            name="lineChart", x_is_date=True, height=chart_height, width="1200")
        cum_chart = nvd3.lineChart(
            name="cumLineChart", x_is_date=True, height=chart_height, width="1200")

        y = defaultdict(list)
        x = defaultdict(list)
        cum_y = defaultdict(list)

        tis = dag.get_task_instances(
            session, start_date=min_date, end_date=base_date)
        TF = models.TaskFail
        ti_fails = (
            session
            .query(TF)
            .filter(
                TF.dag_id == dag.dag_id,
                TF.execution_date >= min_date,
                TF.execution_date <= base_date,
                TF.task_id.in_([t.task_id for t in dag.tasks]))
            .all()
        )

        fails_totals = defaultdict(int)
        for tf in ti_fails:
            dict_key = (tf.dag_id, tf.task_id, tf.execution_date)
            fails_totals[dict_key] += tf.duration

        for ti in tis:
            if ti.duration:
                dttm = wwwutils.epoch(ti.execution_date)
                x[ti.task_id].append(dttm)
                y[ti.task_id].append(float(ti.duration))
                fails_dict_key = (ti.dag_id, ti.task_id, ti.execution_date)
                fails_total = fails_totals[fails_dict_key]
                cum_y[ti.task_id].append(float(ti.duration + fails_total))

        # determine the most relevant time unit for the set of task instance
        # durations for the DAG
        y_unit = infer_time_unit([d for t in y.values() for d in t])
        cum_y_unit = infer_time_unit([d for t in cum_y.values() for d in t])
        # update the y Axis on both charts to have the correct time units
        chart.create_y_axis('yAxis', format='.02f', custom_format=False,
                            label='Duration ({})'.format(y_unit))
        chart.axislist['yAxis']['axisLabelDistance'] = '40'
        cum_chart.create_y_axis('yAxis', format='.02f', custom_format=False,
                                label='Duration ({})'.format(cum_y_unit))
        cum_chart.axislist['yAxis']['axisLabelDistance'] = '40'
        for task in dag.tasks:
            if x[task.task_id]:
                chart.add_serie(name=task.task_id, x=x[task.task_id],
                                y=scale_time_units(y[task.task_id], y_unit))
                cum_chart.add_serie(name=task.task_id, x=x[task.task_id],
                                    y=scale_time_units(cum_y[task.task_id],
                                                       cum_y_unit))

        dates = sorted(list({ti.execution_date for ti in tis}))
        max_date = max([ti.execution_date for ti in tis]) if dates else None

        session.commit()

        form = DateTimeWithNumRunsForm(data={'base_date': max_date,
                                             'num_runs': num_runs})
        chart.buildcontent()
        cum_chart.buildcontent()
        s_index = cum_chart.htmlcontent.rfind('});')
        cum_chart.htmlcontent = (cum_chart.htmlcontent[:s_index] +
                                 "$(function() {$( document ).trigger('chartload') })" +
                                 cum_chart.htmlcontent[s_index:])

        return self.render(
            'airflow/duration_chart.html',
            dag=dag,
            demo_mode=conf.getboolean('webserver', 'demo_mode'),
            root=root,
            form=form,
            chart=chart.htmlcontent,
            cum_chart=cum_chart.htmlcontent
        )

    @expose('/tries')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def tries(self, session=None):
        default_dag_run = conf.getint('webserver', 'default_dag_run_display_number')
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        base_date = request.args.get('base_date')
        num_runs = request.args.get('num_runs')
        num_runs = int(num_runs) if num_runs else default_dag_run

        if base_date:
            base_date = pendulum.parse(base_date)
        else:
            base_date = dag.latest_execution_date or timezone.utcnow()

        dates = dag.date_range(base_date, num=-abs(num_runs))
        min_date = dates[0] if dates else datetime(2000, 1, 1)

        root = request.args.get('root')
        if root:
            dag = dag.sub_dag(
                task_regex=root,
                include_upstream=True,
                include_downstream=False)

        chart_height = get_chart_height(dag)
        chart = nvd3.lineChart(
            name="lineChart", x_is_date=True, y_axis_format='d', height=chart_height,
            width="1200")

        for task in dag.tasks:
            y = []
            x = []
            for ti in task.get_task_instances(session, start_date=min_date,
                                              end_date=base_date):
                dttm = wwwutils.epoch(ti.execution_date)
                x.append(dttm)
                y.append(ti.try_number)
            if x:
                chart.add_serie(name=task.task_id, x=x, y=y)

        tis = dag.get_task_instances(
            session, start_date=min_date, end_date=base_date)
        tries = sorted(list({ti.try_number for ti in tis}))
        max_date = max([ti.execution_date for ti in tis]) if tries else None

        session.commit()

        form = DateTimeWithNumRunsForm(data={'base_date': max_date,
                                             'num_runs': num_runs})

        chart.buildcontent()

        return self.render(
            'airflow/chart.html',
            dag=dag,
            demo_mode=conf.getboolean('webserver', 'demo_mode'),
            root=root,
            form=form,
            chart=chart.htmlcontent
        )

    @expose('/landing_times')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def landing_times(self, session=None):
        default_dag_run = conf.getint('webserver', 'default_dag_run_display_number')
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        base_date = request.args.get('base_date')
        num_runs = request.args.get('num_runs')
        num_runs = int(num_runs) if num_runs else default_dag_run

        if base_date:
            base_date = pendulum.parse(base_date)
        else:
            base_date = dag.latest_execution_date or timezone.utcnow()

        dates = dag.date_range(base_date, num=-abs(num_runs))
        min_date = dates[0] if dates else datetime(2000, 1, 1)

        root = request.args.get('root')
        if root:
            dag = dag.sub_dag(
                task_regex=root,
                include_upstream=True,
                include_downstream=False)

        chart_height = get_chart_height(dag)
        chart = nvd3.lineChart(
            name="lineChart", x_is_date=True, height=chart_height, width="1200")
        y = {}
        x = {}
        for task in dag.tasks:
            y[task.task_id] = []
            x[task.task_id] = []
            for ti in task.get_task_instances(session, start_date=min_date,
                                              end_date=base_date):
                if ti.end_date:
                    ts = ti.execution_date
                    following_schedule = dag.following_schedule(ts)
                    if dag.schedule_interval and following_schedule:
                        ts = following_schedule

                    dttm = wwwutils.epoch(ti.execution_date)
                    secs = (ti.end_date - ts).total_seconds()
                    x[ti.task_id].append(dttm)
                    y[ti.task_id].append(secs)

        # determine the most relevant time unit for the set of landing times
        # for the DAG
        y_unit = infer_time_unit([d for t in y.values() for d in t])
        # update the y Axis to have the correct time units
        chart.create_y_axis('yAxis', format='.02f', custom_format=False,
                            label='Landing Time ({})'.format(y_unit))
        chart.axislist['yAxis']['axisLabelDistance'] = '40'
        for task in dag.tasks:
            if x[task.task_id]:
                chart.add_serie(name=task.task_id, x=x[task.task_id],
                                y=scale_time_units(y[task.task_id], y_unit))

        tis = dag.get_task_instances(
            session, start_date=min_date, end_date=base_date)
        dates = sorted(list({ti.execution_date for ti in tis}))
        max_date = max([ti.execution_date for ti in tis]) if dates else None

        form = DateTimeWithNumRunsForm(data={'base_date': max_date,
                                             'num_runs': num_runs})
        chart.buildcontent()
        return self.render(
            'airflow/chart.html',
            dag=dag,
            chart=chart.htmlcontent,
            height=str(chart_height + 100) + "px",
            demo_mode=conf.getboolean('webserver', 'demo_mode'),
            root=root,
            form=form,
        )

    @expose('/paused', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def paused(self, session=None):
        DagModel = models.DagModel
        dag_id = request.values.get('dag_id')
        orm_dag = session.query(
            DagModel).filter(DagModel.dag_id == dag_id).first()
        if request.values.get('is_paused') == 'false':
            orm_dag.is_paused = True
        else:
            orm_dag.is_paused = False
        session.merge(orm_dag)
        session.commit()

        dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        return "OK"

    @expose('/refresh', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def refresh(self, session=None):
        # TODO: Is this method still needed after AIRFLOW-3561?
        dm = models.DagModel
        dag_id = request.values.get('dag_id')
        orm_dag = session.query(dm).filter(dm.dag_id == dag_id).first()

        if orm_dag:
            orm_dag.last_expired = timezone.utcnow()
            session.merge(orm_dag)
        session.commit()

        flash("DAG [{}] is now fresh as a daisy".format(dag_id))
        return redirect(request.referrer)

    @expose('/refresh_all', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    def refresh_all(self):
        # TODO: Is this method still needed after AIRFLOW-3561?
        flash("All DAGs are now up to date")
        return redirect('/')

    @expose('/gantt')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def gantt(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
        demo_mode = conf.getboolean('webserver', 'demo_mode')

        root = request.args.get('root')
        if root:
            dag = dag.sub_dag(
                task_regex=root,
                include_upstream=True,
                include_downstream=False)

        dt_nr_dr_data = get_date_time_num_runs_dag_runs_form_data(request, session, dag)
        dttm = dt_nr_dr_data['dttm']

        form = DateTimeWithNumRunsWithDagRunsForm(data=dt_nr_dr_data)
        form.execution_date.choices = dt_nr_dr_data['dr_choices']

        tis = [
            ti for ti in dag.get_task_instances(session, dttm, dttm)
            if ti.start_date]
        tis = sorted(tis, key=lambda ti: ti.start_date)
        TF = models.TaskFail
        ti_fails = list(itertools.chain(*[(
            session
            .query(TF)
            .filter(TF.dag_id == ti.dag_id,
                    TF.task_id == ti.task_id,
                    TF.execution_date == ti.execution_date)
            .all()
        ) for ti in tis]))

        # determine bars to show in the gantt chart
        gantt_bar_items = []
        for ti in tis:
            end_date = ti.end_date or timezone.utcnow()
            gantt_bar_items.append((ti.task_id, ti.start_date, end_date, ti.state))
        for tf in ti_fails:
            end_date = tf.end_date or timezone.utcnow()
            gantt_bar_items.append((tf.task_id, tf.start_date, end_date, State.FAILED))

        tasks = []
        for gantt_bar_item in gantt_bar_items:
            task_id = gantt_bar_item[0]
            start_date = gantt_bar_item[1]
            end_date = gantt_bar_item[2]
            state = gantt_bar_item[3]
            tasks.append({
                'startDate': wwwutils.epoch(start_date),
                'endDate': wwwutils.epoch(end_date),
                'isoStart': start_date.isoformat()[:-4],
                'isoEnd': end_date.isoformat()[:-4],
                'taskName': task_id,
                'duration': "{}".format(end_date - start_date)[:-4],
                'status': state,
                'executionDate': dttm.isoformat(),
            })
        states = {ti.state: ti.state for ti in tis}
        data = {
            'taskNames': [ti.task_id for ti in tis],
            'tasks': tasks,
            'taskStatus': states,
            'height': len(tis) * 25 + 25,
        }

        session.commit()

        return self.render(
            'airflow/gantt.html',
            dag=dag,
            execution_date=dttm.isoformat(),
            form=form,
            data=data,
            base_date='',
            demo_mode=demo_mode,
            root=root,
        )

    @expose('/object/task_instances')
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    @provide_session
    def task_instances(self, session=None):
        dag_id = request.args.get('dag_id')
        dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)

        dttm = request.args.get('execution_date')
        if dttm:
            dttm = pendulum.parse(dttm)
        else:
            return "Error: Invalid execution_date"

        task_instances = {
            ti.task_id: alchemy_to_dict(ti)
            for ti in dag.get_task_instances(session, dttm, dttm)}

        return json.dumps(task_instances)

    @expose('/variables/<form>', methods=["GET", "POST"])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    def variables(self, form):
        try:
            if request.method == 'POST':
                data = request.json
                if data:
                    with create_session() as session:
                        var = models.Variable(key=form, val=json.dumps(data))
                        session.add(var)
                        session.commit()
                return ""
            else:
                return self.render(
                    'airflow/variables/{}.html'.format(form)
                )
        except Exception:
            # prevent XSS
            form = escape(form)
            return ("Error: form airflow/variables/{}.html "
                    "not found.").format(form), 404

    @expose('/varimport', methods=['POST'])
    @login_required
    @wwwutils.action_logging
    def varimport(self):
        try:
            d = json.load(UTF8_READER(request.files['file']))
        except Exception as e:
            flash("Missing file or syntax error: {}.".format(e))
        else:
            suc_count = fail_count = 0
            for k, v in d.items():
                try:
                    models.Variable.set(k, v, serialize_json=isinstance(v, dict))
                except Exception as e:
                    logging.info('Variable import failed: {}'.format(repr(e)))
                    fail_count += 1
                else:
                    suc_count += 1
            flash("{} variable(s) successfully updated.".format(suc_count), 'info')
            if fail_count:
                flash(
                    "{} variables(s) failed to be updated.".format(fail_count), 'error')

        return redirect('/admin/variable')


class HomeView(AdminIndexView):
    @expose("/")
    @login_required
    @provide_session
    def index(self, session=None):
        DM = models.DagModel

        # restrict the dags shown if filter_by_owner and current user is not superuser
        do_filter = FILTER_BY_OWNER and (not current_user.is_superuser())
        owner_mode = conf.get('webserver', 'OWNER_MODE').strip().lower()

        hide_paused_dags_by_default = conf.getboolean('webserver',
                                                      'hide_paused_dags_by_default')
        show_paused_arg = request.args.get('showPaused', 'None')

        def get_int_arg(value, default=0):
            try:
                return int(value)
            except ValueError:
                return default

        arg_current_page = request.args.get('page', '0')
        arg_search_query = request.args.get('search', None)

        dags_per_page = PAGE_SIZE
        current_page = get_int_arg(arg_current_page, default=0)

        if show_paused_arg.strip().lower() == 'false':
            hide_paused = True
        elif show_paused_arg.strip().lower() == 'true':
            hide_paused = False
        else:
            hide_paused = hide_paused_dags_by_default

        # read orm_dags from the db
        query = session.query(DM)

        if do_filter and owner_mode == 'ldapgroup':
            query = query.filter(
                ~DM.is_subdag,
                DM.is_active,
                DM.owners.in_(current_user.ldap_groups)
            )
        elif do_filter and owner_mode == 'user':
            query = query.filter(
                ~DM.is_subdag, DM.is_active,
                DM.owners == current_user.user.username
            )
        else:
            query = query.filter(
                ~DM.is_subdag, DM.is_active
            )

        # optionally filter out "paused" dags
        if hide_paused:
            query = query.filter(~DM.is_paused)

        if arg_search_query:
            query = query.filter(sqla.func.lower(DM.dag_id) == arg_search_query.lower())

        query = query.order_by(DM.dag_id)

        start = current_page * dags_per_page
        end = start + dags_per_page

        dags = query.offset(start).limit(dags_per_page).all()

        import_errors = session.query(errors.ImportError).all()
        for ie in import_errors:
            flash(
                "Broken DAG: [{ie.filename}] {ie.stacktrace}".format(ie=ie),
                "error")

        from airflow.plugins_manager import import_errors as plugin_import_errors
        for filename, stacktrace in plugin_import_errors.items():
            flash(
                "Broken plugin: [{filename}] {stacktrace}".format(
                    stacktrace=stacktrace,
                    filename=filename),
                "error")

        num_of_all_dags = query.count()
        num_of_pages = int(math.ceil(num_of_all_dags / float(dags_per_page)))

        auto_complete_data = set()
        for row in query.with_entities(DM.dag_id, DM.owners):
            auto_complete_data.add(row.dag_id)
            auto_complete_data.add(row.owners)

        return self.render(
            'airflow/dags.html',
            dags=dags,
            hide_paused=hide_paused,
            current_page=current_page,
            search_query=arg_search_query if arg_search_query else '',
            page_size=dags_per_page,
            num_of_pages=num_of_pages,
            num_dag_from=start + 1,
            num_dag_to=min(end, num_of_all_dags),
            num_of_all_dags=num_of_all_dags,
            paging=wwwutils.generate_pages(current_page, num_of_pages,
                                           search=arg_search_query,
                                           showPaused=not hide_paused),
            auto_complete_data=auto_complete_data)


class QueryView(wwwutils.DataProfilingMixin, BaseView):
    @expose('/', methods=['POST', 'GET'])
    @wwwutils.gzipped
    @provide_session
    def query(self, session=None):
        dbs = session.query(Connection).order_by(Connection.conn_id).all()
        session.expunge_all()
        db_choices = list(
            ((db.conn_id, db.conn_id) for db in dbs if db.get_hook()))
        conn_id_str = request.form.get('conn_id')
        csv = request.form.get('csv') == "true"
        sql = request.form.get('sql')

        class QueryForm(Form):
            conn_id = SelectField("Layout", choices=db_choices)
            sql = TextAreaField("SQL", widget=wwwutils.AceEditorWidget())

        data = {
            'conn_id': conn_id_str,
            'sql': sql,
        }
        results = None
        has_data = False
        error = False
        if conn_id_str and request.method == 'POST':
            db = [db for db in dbs if db.conn_id == conn_id_str][0]
            hook = db.get_hook()
            try:
                df = hook.get_pandas_df(wwwutils.limit_sql(sql, QUERY_LIMIT, conn_type=db.conn_type))
                # df = hook.get_pandas_df(sql)
                has_data = len(df) > 0
                df = df.fillna('')
                results = df.to_html(
                    classes=[
                        'table', 'table-bordered', 'table-striped', 'no-wrap'],
                    index=False,
                    na_rep='',
                ) if has_data else ''
            except Exception as e:
                flash(str(e), 'error')
                error = True

        if has_data and len(df) == QUERY_LIMIT:
            flash(
                "Query output truncated at " + str(QUERY_LIMIT) +
                " rows", 'info')

        if not has_data and error:
            flash('No data', 'error')

        if csv:
            return Response(
                response=df.to_csv(index=False),
                status=200,
                mimetype="application/text")

        form = QueryForm(request.form, data=data)
        session.commit()
        return self.render(
            'airflow/query.html', form=form,
            title="Ad Hoc Query",
            results=results or '',
            has_data=has_data)


class AirflowModelView(ModelView):
    list_template = 'airflow/model_list.html'
    edit_template = 'airflow/model_edit.html'
    create_template = 'airflow/model_create.html'
    column_display_actions = True
    page_size = PAGE_SIZE


class ModelViewOnly(wwwutils.LoginMixin, AirflowModelView):
    """
    Modifying the base ModelView class for non edit, browse only operations
    """
    named_filter_urls = True
    can_create = False
    can_edit = False
    can_delete = False
    column_display_pk = True


class PoolModelView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, AirflowModelView):
    column_list = ('pool', 'slots', 'used_slots', 'queued_slots')
    column_formatters = dict(
        pool=pool_link, used_slots=fused_slots, queued_slots=fqueued_slots)
    named_filter_urls = True
    form_args = {
        'pool': {
            'validators': [
                validators.DataRequired(),
            ]
        }
    }


class SlaMissModelView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, ModelViewOnly):
    verbose_name_plural = "SLA misses"
    verbose_name = "SLA miss"
    column_list = (
        'dag_id', 'task_id', 'execution_date', 'email_sent', 'timestamp')
    column_formatters = dict(
        task_id=task_instance_link,
        execution_date=datetime_f,
        timestamp=datetime_f,
        dag_id=dag_link)
    named_filter_urls = True
    column_searchable_list = ('dag_id', 'task_id',)
    column_filters = (
        'dag_id', 'task_id', 'email_sent', 'timestamp', 'execution_date')
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()
    form_widget_args = {
        'email_sent': {'disabled': True},
        'timestamp': {'disabled': True},
    }


@provide_session
def _connection_ids(session=None):
    return [(c.conn_id, c.conn_id) for c in (
        session
            .query(Connection.conn_id)
            .group_by(Connection.conn_id))]


class ChartModelView(wwwutils.DataProfilingMixin, AirflowModelView):
    verbose_name = "chart"
    verbose_name_plural = "charts"
    form_columns = (
        'label',
        'owner',
        'conn_id',
        'chart_type',
        'show_datatable',
        'x_is_date',
        'y_log_scale',
        'show_sql',
        'height',
        'sql_layout',
        'sql',
        'default_params',
    )
    column_list = (
        'label',
        'conn_id',
        'chart_type',
        'owner',
        'last_modified',
    )
    column_sortable_list = (
        'label',
        'conn_id',
        'chart_type',
        ('owner', 'owner.username'),
        'last_modified',
    )
    column_formatters = dict(label=label_link, last_modified=datetime_f)
    column_default_sort = ('last_modified', True)
    create_template = 'airflow/chart/create.html'
    edit_template = 'airflow/chart/edit.html'
    column_filters = ('label', 'owner.username', 'conn_id')
    column_searchable_list = ('owner.username', 'label', 'sql')
    column_descriptions = {
        'label': "Can include {{ templated_fields }} and {{ macros }}",
        'chart_type': "The type of chart to be displayed",
        'sql': "Can include {{ templated_fields }} and {{ macros }}.",
        'height': "Height of the chart, in pixels.",
        'conn_id': "Source database to run the query against",
        'x_is_date': (
            "Whether the X axis should be casted as a date field. Expect most "
            "intelligible date formats to get casted properly."
        ),
        'owner': (
            "The chart's owner, mostly used for reference and filtering in "
            "the list view."
        ),
        'show_datatable':
            "Whether to display an interactive data table under the chart.",
        'default_params': (
            'A dictionary of {"key": "values",} that define what the '
            'templated fields (parameters) values should be by default. '
            'To be valid, it needs to "eval" as a Python dict. '
            'The key values will show up in the url\'s querystring '
            'and can be altered there.'
        ),
        'show_sql': "Whether to display the SQL statement as a collapsible "
                    "section in the chart page.",
        'y_log_scale': "Whether to use a log scale for the Y axis.",
        'sql_layout': (
            "Defines the layout of the SQL that the application should "
            "expect. Depending on the tables you are sourcing from, it may "
            "make more sense to pivot / unpivot the metrics."
        ),
    }
    column_labels = {
        'sql': "SQL",
        'height': "Chart Height",
        'sql_layout': "SQL Layout",
        'show_sql': "Display the SQL Statement",
        'default_params': "Default Parameters",
    }
    form_choices = {
        'chart_type': [
            ('line', 'Line Chart'),
            ('spline', 'Spline Chart'),
            ('bar', 'Bar Chart'),
            ('column', 'Column Chart'),
            ('area', 'Overlapping Area Chart'),
            ('stacked_area', 'Stacked Area Chart'),
            ('percent_area', 'Percent Area Chart'),
            ('datatable', 'No chart, data table only'),
        ],
        'sql_layout': [
            ('series', 'SELECT series, x, y FROM ...'),
            ('columns', 'SELECT x, y (series 1), y (series 2), ... FROM ...'),
        ],
        'conn_id': _connection_ids()
    }

    def on_model_change(self, form, model, is_created=True):
        if model.iteration_no is None:
            model.iteration_no = 0
        else:
            model.iteration_no += 1
        if not model.user_id and current_user and hasattr(current_user, 'id'):
            model.user_id = current_user.id
        model.last_modified = timezone.utcnow()


chart_mapping = dict((
    ('line', 'lineChart'),
    ('spline', 'lineChart'),
    ('bar', 'multiBarChart'),
    ('column', 'multiBarChart'),
    ('area', 'stackedAreaChart'),
    ('stacked_area', 'stackedAreaChart'),
    ('percent_area', 'stackedAreaChart'),
    ('datatable', 'datatable'),
))


class KnownEventView(wwwutils.DataProfilingMixin, AirflowModelView):
    verbose_name = "known event"
    verbose_name_plural = "known events"
    form_columns = (
        'label',
        'event_type',
        'start_date',
        'end_date',
        'reported_by',
        'description',
    )
    form_args = {
        'label': {
            'validators': [
                validators.DataRequired(),
            ],
        },
        'event_type': {
            'validators': [
                validators.DataRequired(),
            ],
        },
        'start_date': {
            'validators': [
                validators.DataRequired(),
            ],
            'filters': [
                parse_datetime_f,
            ],
        },
        'end_date': {
            'validators': [
                validators.DataRequired(),
                GreaterEqualThan(fieldname='start_date'),
            ],
            'filters': [
                parse_datetime_f,
            ]
        },
        'reported_by': {
            'validators': [
                validators.DataRequired(),
            ],
        }
    }
    column_list = (
        'label',
        'event_type',
        'start_date',
        'end_date',
        'reported_by',
    )
    column_default_sort = ("start_date", True)
    column_sortable_list = (
        'label',
        # todo: yes this has a spelling error
        ('event_type', 'event_type.know_event_type'),
        'start_date',
        'end_date',
        ('reported_by', 'reported_by.username'),
    )
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()
    form_overrides = dict(start_date=DateTimeField, end_date=DateTimeField)


class KnownEventTypeView(wwwutils.DataProfilingMixin, AirflowModelView):
    pass


# NOTE: For debugging / troubleshooting
# mv = KnowEventTypeView(
#     models.KnownEventType,
#     Session, name="Known Event Types", category="Manage")
# admin.add_view(mv)
# class DagPickleView(SuperUserMixin, ModelView):
#     pass
# mv = DagPickleView(
#     models.DagPickle,
#     Session, name="Pickles", category="Manage")
# admin.add_view(mv)


class VariableView(wwwutils.DataProfilingMixin, AirflowModelView):
    verbose_name = "Variable"
    verbose_name_plural = "Variables"
    list_template = 'airflow/variable_list.html'

    def hidden_field_formatter(view, context, model, name):
        if wwwutils.should_hide_value_for_key(model.key):
            return Markup('*' * 8)
        val = getattr(model, name)
        if val:
            return val
        else:
            return Markup('<span class="label label-danger">Invalid</span>')

    form_columns = (
        'key',
        'val',
    )
    column_list = ('key', 'val', 'is_encrypted',)
    column_filters = ('key', 'val')
    column_searchable_list = ('key', 'val', 'is_encrypted',)
    column_default_sort = ('key', False)
    form_widget_args = {
        'is_encrypted': {'disabled': True},
        'val': {
            'rows': 20,
        }
    }
    form_args = {
        'key': {
            'validators': {
                validators.DataRequired(),
            },
        },
    }
    column_sortable_list = (
        'key',
        'val',
        'is_encrypted',
    )
    column_formatters = {
        'val': hidden_field_formatter,
    }

    # Default flask-admin export functionality doesn't handle serialized json
    @action('varexport', 'Export', None)
    @provide_session
    def action_varexport(self, ids, session=None):
        V = models.Variable
        qry = session.query(V).filter(V.id.in_(ids)).all()

        var_dict = {}
        d = json.JSONDecoder()
        for var in qry:
            val = None
            try:
                val = d.decode(var.val)
            except Exception:
                val = var.val
            var_dict[var.key] = val

        response = make_response(json.dumps(var_dict, sort_keys=True, indent=4))
        response.headers["Content-Disposition"] = "attachment; filename=variables.json"
        return response

    def on_form_prefill(self, form, id):
        if wwwutils.should_hide_value_for_key(form.key.data):
            form.val.data = '*' * 8


class XComView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, AirflowModelView):
    verbose_name = "XCom"
    verbose_name_plural = "XComs"

    form_columns = (
        'key',
        'value',
        'execution_date',
        'task_id',
        'dag_id',
    )

    form_extra_fields = {
        'value': StringField('Value'),
    }

    form_args = {
        'execution_date': {
            'filters': [
                parse_datetime_f,
            ]
        }
    }

    column_filters = ('key', 'timestamp', 'execution_date', 'task_id', 'dag_id')
    column_searchable_list = ('key', 'timestamp', 'execution_date', 'task_id', 'dag_id')
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()
    form_overrides = dict(execution_date=DateTimeField)


class JobModelView(ModelViewOnly):
    verbose_name_plural = "jobs"
    verbose_name = "job"
    column_display_actions = False
    column_default_sort = ('start_date', True)
    column_filters = (
        'job_type', 'dag_id', 'state',
        'unixname', 'hostname', 'start_date', 'end_date', 'latest_heartbeat')
    column_formatters = dict(
        start_date=datetime_f,
        end_date=datetime_f,
        hostname=nobr_f,
        state=state_f,
        latest_heartbeat=datetime_f)
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()


class DagRunModelView(ModelViewOnly):
    verbose_name_plural = "DAG Runs"
    can_edit = True
    can_create = True
    column_editable_list = ('state',)
    verbose_name = "dag run"
    column_default_sort = ('execution_date', True)
    form_choices = {
        'state': [
            ('success', 'success'),
            ('running', 'running'),
            ('failed', 'failed'),
        ],
    }
    form_args = {
        'dag_id': {
            'validators': [
                validators.DataRequired(),
            ]
        },
        'execution_date': {
            'filters': [
                parse_datetime_f,
            ]
        }
    }
    column_list = (
        'state', 'dag_id', 'execution_date', 'run_id', 'external_trigger')
    column_filters = column_list
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()
    column_searchable_list = ('dag_id', 'state', 'run_id')
    column_formatters = dict(
        execution_date=datetime_f,
        state=state_f,
        start_date=datetime_f,
        dag_id=dag_link,
        run_id=dag_run_link
    )
    form_overrides = dict(execution_date=DateTimeField)

    @action('new_delete', "Delete", "Are you sure you want to delete selected records?")
    @provide_session
    def action_new_delete(self, ids, session=None):
        deleted = set(session.query(models.DagRun)
                      .filter(models.DagRun.id.in_(ids))
                      .all())
        session.query(models.DagRun) \
            .filter(models.DagRun.id.in_(ids)) \
            .delete(synchronize_session='fetch')
        session.commit()
        dirty_ids = []
        for row in deleted:
            dirty_ids.append(row.dag_id)

    @action('set_running', "Set state to 'running'", None)
    @provide_session
    def action_set_running(self, ids, session=None):
        try:
            DR = models.DagRun
            count = 0
            dirty_ids = []
            for dr in session.query(DR).filter(DR.id.in_(ids)).all():
                dirty_ids.append(dr.dag_id)
                count += 1
                dr.state = State.RUNNING
                dr.start_date = timezone.utcnow()
            flash(
                "{count} dag runs were set to running".format(**locals()))
        except Exception as ex:
            if not self.handle_view_exception(ex):
                raise Exception("Ooops")
            flash('Failed to set state', 'error')

    @action('set_failed', "Set state to 'failed'",
            "All running task instances would also be marked as failed, are you sure?")
    @provide_session
    def action_set_failed(self, ids, session=None):
        try:
            DR = models.DagRun
            count = 0
            dirty_ids = []
            altered_tis = []
            for dr in session.query(DR).filter(DR.id.in_(ids)).all():
                dirty_ids.append(dr.dag_id)
                count += 1
                altered_tis += \
                    set_dag_run_state_to_failed(dagbag.get_dag(dr.dag_id),
                                                dr.execution_date,
                                                commit=True,
                                                session=session)
            altered_ti_count = len(altered_tis)
            flash(
                "{count} dag runs and {altered_ti_count} task instances "
                "were set to failed".format(**locals()))
        except Exception as ex:
            if not self.handle_view_exception(ex):
                raise Exception("Ooops")
            flash('Failed to set state', 'error')

    @action('set_success', "Set state to 'success'",
            "All task instances would also be marked as success, are you sure?")
    @provide_session
    def action_set_success(self, ids, session=None):
        try:
            DR = models.DagRun
            count = 0
            dirty_ids = []
            altered_tis = []
            for dr in session.query(DR).filter(DR.id.in_(ids)).all():
                dirty_ids.append(dr.dag_id)
                count += 1
                altered_tis += \
                    set_dag_run_state_to_success(dagbag.get_dag(dr.dag_id),
                                                 dr.execution_date,
                                                 commit=True,
                                                 session=session)
            altered_ti_count = len(altered_tis)
            flash(
                "{count} dag runs and {altered_ti_count} task instances "
                "were set to success".format(**locals()))
        except Exception as ex:
            if not self.handle_view_exception(ex):
                raise Exception("Ooops")
            flash('Failed to set state', 'error')

    # Called after editing DagRun model in the UI.
    @provide_session
    def after_model_change(self, form, dagrun, is_created, session=None):
        altered_tis = []
        if dagrun.state == State.SUCCESS:
            altered_tis = set_dag_run_state_to_success(
                dagbag.get_dag(dagrun.dag_id),
                dagrun.execution_date,
                commit=True,
                session=session)
        elif dagrun.state == State.FAILED:
            altered_tis = set_dag_run_state_to_failed(
                dagbag.get_dag(dagrun.dag_id),
                dagrun.execution_date,
                commit=True,
                session=session)
        elif dagrun.state == State.RUNNING:
            altered_tis = set_dag_run_state_to_running(
                dagbag.get_dag(dagrun.dag_id),
                dagrun.execution_date,
                commit=True,
                session=session)

        altered_ti_count = len(altered_tis)
        flash(
            "1 dag run and {altered_ti_count} task instances "
            "were set to '{dagrun.state}'".format(**locals()))


class LogModelView(ModelViewOnly):
    verbose_name_plural = "logs"
    verbose_name = "log"
    column_display_actions = False
    column_default_sort = ('dttm', True)
    column_filters = ('dag_id', 'task_id', 'execution_date', 'extra')
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()
    column_formatters = dict(
        dttm=datetime_f, execution_date=datetime_f, dag_id=dag_link)


class TaskInstanceModelView(ModelViewOnly):
    verbose_name_plural = "task instances"
    verbose_name = "task instance"
    column_filters = (
        'state', 'dag_id', 'task_id', 'execution_date', 'hostname',
        'queue', 'pool', 'operator', 'start_date', 'end_date')
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()
    named_filter_urls = True
    column_formatters = dict(
        log_url=log_url_formatter,
        task_id=task_instance_link,
        hostname=nobr_f,
        state=state_f,
        execution_date=datetime_f,
        start_date=datetime_f,
        end_date=datetime_f,
        queued_dttm=datetime_f,
        dag_id=dag_link,
        run_id=dag_run_link,
        duration=duration_f)
    column_searchable_list = ('dag_id', 'task_id', 'state')
    column_default_sort = ('job_id', True)
    form_choices = {
        'state': [
            ('success', 'success'),
            ('running', 'running'),
            ('failed', 'failed'),
        ],
    }
    column_list = (
        'state', 'dag_id', 'task_id', 'execution_date', 'operator',
        'start_date', 'end_date', 'duration', 'job_id', 'hostname',
        'unixname', 'priority_weight', 'queue', 'queued_dttm', 'try_number',
        'pool', 'log_url')
    page_size = PAGE_SIZE

    @action('set_running', "Set state to 'running'", None)
    def action_set_running(self, ids):
        self.set_task_instance_state(ids, State.RUNNING)

    @action('set_failed', "Set state to 'failed'", None)
    def action_set_failed(self, ids):
        self.set_task_instance_state(ids, State.FAILED)

    @action('set_success', "Set state to 'success'", None)
    def action_set_success(self, ids):
        self.set_task_instance_state(ids, State.SUCCESS)

    @action('set_retry', "Set state to 'up_for_retry'", None)
    def action_set_retry(self, ids):
        self.set_task_instance_state(ids, State.UP_FOR_RETRY)

    @provide_session
    @action('clear',
            lazy_gettext('Clear'),
            lazy_gettext(
                'Are you sure you want to clear the state of the selected task instance(s)'
                ' and set their dagruns to the running state?'))
    def action_clear(self, ids, session=None):
        try:
            TI = models.TaskInstance

            dag_to_task_details = {}
            dag_to_tis = {}

            # Collect dags upfront as dagbag.get_dag() will reset the session
            for id_str in ids:
                task_id, dag_id, execution_date = iterdecode(id_str)
                dag = dagbag.get_dag(dag_id)
                task_details = dag_to_task_details.setdefault(dag, [])
                task_details.append((task_id, execution_date))

            for dag, task_details in dag_to_task_details.items():
                for task_id, execution_date in task_details:
                    execution_date = parse_execution_date(execution_date)

                    ti = session.query(TI).filter(TI.task_id == task_id,
                                                  TI.dag_id == dag.dag_id,
                                                  TI.execution_date == execution_date).one()

                    tis = dag_to_tis.setdefault(dag, [])
                    tis.append(ti)

            for dag, tis in dag_to_tis.items():
                models.clear_task_instances(tis, session, dag=dag)

            session.commit()

            flash("{0} task instances have been cleared".format(len(ids)))

        except Exception as ex:
            if not self.handle_view_exception(ex):
                raise Exception("Ooops")
            flash('Failed to clear task instances', 'error')

    @provide_session
    def set_task_instance_state(self, ids, target_state, session=None):
        try:
            TI = models.TaskInstance
            count = len(ids)
            for id in ids:
                task_id, dag_id, execution_date = iterdecode(id)
                execution_date = parse_execution_date(execution_date)

                ti = session.query(TI).filter(TI.task_id == task_id,
                                              TI.dag_id == dag_id,
                                              TI.execution_date == execution_date).one()
                ti.state = target_state
            session.commit()
            flash(
                "{count} task instances were set to '{target_state}'".format(**locals()))
        except Exception as ex:
            if not self.handle_view_exception(ex):
                raise Exception("Ooops")
            flash('Failed to set state', 'error')

    def get_one(self, id):
        """
        As a workaround for AIRFLOW-252, this method overrides Flask-Admin's ModelView.get_one().

        TODO: this method should be removed once the below bug is fixed on Flask-Admin side.
        https://github.com/flask-admin/flask-admin/issues/1226
        """
        task_id, dag_id, execution_date = iterdecode(id)
        execution_date = pendulum.parse(execution_date)
        return self.session.query(self.model).get((task_id, dag_id, execution_date))


class ConnectionModelView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, AirflowModelView):
    create_template = 'airflow/conn_create.html'
    edit_template = 'airflow/conn_edit.html'
    list_template = 'airflow/conn_list.html'
    form_columns = (
        'conn_id',
        'conn_type',
        'host',
        'schema',
        'login',
        'password',
        'port',
        'extra',
        'extra__jdbc__drv_path',
        'extra__jdbc__drv_clsname',
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__project',
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__key_path',
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__keyfile_dict',
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__scope',
    )
    verbose_name = "Connection"
    verbose_name_plural = "Connections"
    column_default_sort = ('conn_id', False)
    column_list = ('conn_id', 'conn_type', 'host', 'port', 'is_encrypted', 'is_extra_encrypted',)
    form_overrides = dict(_password=PasswordField, _extra=TextAreaField)
    form_widget_args = {
        'is_extra_encrypted': {'disabled': True},
        'is_encrypted': {'disabled': True},
    }
    # Used to customized the form, the forms elements get rendered
    # and results are stored in the extra field as json. All of these
    # need to be prefixed with extra__ and then the conn_type ___ as in
    # extra__{conn_type}__name. You can also hide form elements and rename
    # others from the connection_form.js file
    form_extra_fields = {
        'extra__jdbc__drv_path': StringField('Driver Path'),
        'extra__jdbc__drv_clsname': StringField('Driver Class'),
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__project': StringField('Project Id'),
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__key_path': StringField('Keyfile Path'),
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__keyfile_dict': PasswordField('Keyfile JSON'),
        'extra__google_cloud_platform__scope': StringField('Scopes (comma separated)'),
    }
    form_choices = {
        'conn_type': Connection._types
    }

    def on_model_change(self, form, model, is_created):
        formdata = form.data
        if formdata['conn_type'] in ['jdbc', 'google_cloud_platform']:
            extra = {
                key: formdata[key]
                for key in self.form_extra_fields.keys() if key in formdata}
            model.extra = json.dumps(extra)

    @classmethod
    def alert_fernet_key(cls):
        fk = None
        try:
            fk = conf.get('core', 'fernet_key')
        except Exception:
            pass
        return fk is None

    @classmethod
    def is_secure(cls):
        """
        Used to display a message in the Connection list view making it clear
        that the passwords and `extra` field can't be encrypted.
        """
        is_secure = False
        try:
            import cryptography  # noqa F401
            conf.get('core', 'fernet_key')
            is_secure = True
        except Exception:
            pass
        return is_secure

    def on_form_prefill(self, form, id):
        try:
            d = json.loads(form.data.get('extra', '{}'))
        except Exception:
            d = {}

        for field in list(self.form_extra_fields.keys()):
            value = d.get(field, '')
            if value:
                field = getattr(form, field)
                field.data = value


class UserModelView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, AirflowModelView):
    verbose_name = "User"
    verbose_name_plural = "Users"
    column_default_sort = 'username'


class VersionView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, BaseView):
    @expose('/')
    def version(self):
        # Look at the version from setup.py
        try:
            airflow_version = airflow.__version__
        except Exception as e:
            airflow_version = None
            logging.error(e)

        # Get the Git repo and git hash
        git_version = None
        try:
            with open(os.path.join(*[settings.AIRFLOW_HOME, 'airflow', 'git_version'])) as f:
                git_version = f.readline()
        except Exception as e:
            logging.error(e)

        # Render information
        title = "Version Info"
        return self.render('airflow/version.html',
                           title=title,
                           airflow_version=airflow_version,
                           git_version=git_version)


class ConfigurationView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, BaseView):
    @expose('/')
    def conf(self):
        raw = request.args.get('raw') == "true"
        title = "Airflow Configuration"
        subtitle = conf.AIRFLOW_CONFIG
        if conf.getboolean("webserver", "expose_config"):
            with open(conf.AIRFLOW_CONFIG, 'r') as f:
                config = f.read()
            table = [(section, key, value, source)
                     for section, parameters in conf.as_dict(True, True).items()
                     for key, (value, source) in parameters.items()]

        else:
            config = (
                "# Your Airflow administrator chose not to expose the "
                "configuration, most likely for security reasons.")
            table = None
        if raw:
            return Response(
                response=config,
                status=200,
                mimetype="application/text")
        else:
            code_html = Markup(highlight(
                config,
                lexers.IniLexer(),  # Lexer call
                HtmlFormatter(noclasses=True))
            )
            return self.render(
                'airflow/config.html',
                pre_subtitle=settings.HEADER + "  v" + airflow.__version__,
                code_html=code_html, title=title, subtitle=subtitle,
                table=table)


class DagModelView(wwwutils.SuperUserMixin, ModelView):
    column_list = ('dag_id', 'owners')
    column_editable_list = ('is_paused',)
    form_excluded_columns = ('is_subdag', 'is_active')
    column_searchable_list = ('dag_id',)
    column_filters = (
        'dag_id', 'owners', 'is_paused', 'is_active', 'is_subdag',
        'last_scheduler_run', 'last_expired')
    filter_converter = wwwutils.UtcFilterConverter()
    form_widget_args = {
        'last_scheduler_run': {'disabled': True},
        'fileloc': {'disabled': True},
        'is_paused': {'disabled': True},
        'last_pickled': {'disabled': True},
        'pickle_id': {'disabled': True},
        'last_loaded': {'disabled': True},
        'last_expired': {'disabled': True},
        'pickle_size': {'disabled': True},
        'scheduler_lock': {'disabled': True},
        'owners': {'disabled': True},
    }
    column_formatters = dict(
        dag_id=dag_link,
    )
    can_delete = False
    can_create = False
    page_size = PAGE_SIZE
    list_template = 'airflow/list_dags.html'
    named_filter_urls = True

    def get_query(self):
        """
        Default filters for model
        """
        return super(DagModelView, self)\
            .get_query()\
            .filter(or_(models.DagModel.is_active, models.DagModel.is_paused))\
            .filter(~models.DagModel.is_subdag)

    def get_count_query(self):
        """
        Default filters for model
        """
        return super(DagModelView, self)\
            .get_count_query()\
            .filter(models.DagModel.is_active)\
            .filter(~models.DagModel.is_subdag)