GH-34411: [Python] Change array constructor to accept pyarrow array

[AlenkaF]

Rationale for this change

Currently, pyarrow.array doesn't accept pyarrow Arrays and this PR adds a check to allow that.

• Closes: [Python] accept pyarrow Array object in the array() constructor #34411

[github-actions]

• Closes: [Python] accept pyarrow values / scalars in constructor functions ? #21761

[jorisvandenbossche]

Thanks!

[github-actions]

• Closes: [Python] accept pyarrow Array object in the array() constructor #34411

[ursabot]

Benchmark runs are scheduled for baseline = e8107bf and contender = 2ebb3f7. 2ebb3f7 is a master commit associated with this PR. Results will be available as each benchmark for each run completes.
Conbench compare runs links:
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Failed ⬇️0.12% ⬆️0.0%] test-mac-arm
[Finished ⬇️0.0% ⬆️0.0%] ursa-i9-9960x
[Failed ⬇️0.54% ⬆️0.06%] ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Buildkite builds:
[Finished] 2ebb3f70 ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Failed] 2ebb3f70 test-mac-arm
[Finished] 2ebb3f70 ursa-i9-9960x
[Finished] 2ebb3f70 ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
[Finished] e8107bfa ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2
[Finished] e8107bfa test-mac-arm
[Finished] e8107bfa ursa-i9-9960x
[Failed] e8107bfa ursa-thinkcentre-m75q
Supported benchmarks:
ec2-t3-xlarge-us-east-2: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R. Runs only benchmarks with cloud = True
test-mac-arm: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Python, R
ursa-i9-9960x: Supported benchmark langs: Python, R, JavaScript
ursa-thinkcentre-m75q: Supported benchmark langs: C++, Java