[FLINK-12398][table] Support partitioned view in catalog API

[luoyuxia]

What is the purpose of the change

To support partitioned view in catalog API.

Brief change log

• Move method isPartitioned and getPartitionKeys from CatalogTable to CatalogBaseTable.

Verifying this change

This change make CatalogView have isPartitioned and getPartitionKeys method without any test coverage.

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): no
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): yes
• The serializers: no
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): no
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: no
• The S3 file system connector: no

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? no
• If yes, how is the feature documented? N/A

[flinkbot]

CI report:

• 249ca7c Azure: SUCCESS

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[luoyuxia]

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