[FLINK-31548][jdbc-driver] Introduce FlinkDataSource

[FangYongs]

What is the purpose of the change

Introduce data source for flink jdbc driver

Brief change log

• Add FlinkDataSource

Verifying this change

This change added tests and can be verified as follows:

• Add test FlinkDataSourceTest

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): (yes / no) no
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): (yes / no) no
• The serializers: (yes / no / don't know) no
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): (yes / no / don't know) no
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: (yes / no / don't know) no
• The S3 file system connector: (yes / no / don't know) no

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? (yes / no) no
• If yes, how is the feature documented? (not applicable / docs / JavaDocs / not documented)

[flinkbot]

CI report:

• c689f1b Azure: SUCCESS

Bot commands

The @flinkbot bot supports the following commands:

• @flinkbot run azure re-run the last Azure build

[FangYongs]

Hi @libenchao Please help to review this PR when you're free, thanks

[libenchao]

+1, merging.