[FLINK-32843][JUnit5 Migration] Migrate the jobmaster package of flink-runtime module to JUnit5

[RocMarshal]

What is the purpose of the change

[FLINK-32843][JUnit5 Migration] Migrate the jobmaster package of flink-runtime module to JUnit5

Brief change log

• Remove the TestingComponentMainThreadExecutor.Resource

• Remove the deprecated PhysicalSlotProviderResource.java

• Migrate the jobmaster package of flink-runtime module to JUnit5

• Introduce the PhysicalSlotProviderExtension.java to replace the PhysicalSlotProviderResource.java

• Add the comments about deprecated details for TestingComponentMainThreadExecutor.Resource

Verifying this change

Please make sure both new and modified tests in this PR follow the conventions for tests defined in our code quality guide.

This change is already covered by existing tests, such as (please describe tests).

This change added tests and can be verified as follows:

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): (yes / no)
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): (yes / no)
• The serializers: (yes / no / don't know)
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): (yes / no / don't know)
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Kubernetes/Yarn, ZooKeeper: (yes / no / don't know)
• The S3 file system connector: (yes / no / don't know)

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? (yes / no)
• If yes, how is the feature documented? (not applicable / docs / JavaDocs / not documented)

[RocMarshal]

Hi, @Jiabao-Sun @caicancai Could you help have a check on it if you had the free time ?
Thank you !

[flinkbot]

CI report:

• bf8d5cf Azure: SUCCESS

Bot commands

The @flinkbot bot supports the following commands:

• @flinkbot run azure re-run the last Azure build

[Jiabao-Sun]

Thanks @RocMarshal for this contribution which is overall good to me.

We can continue to minimize the visibility of methods and fields.

The methods visibility can be package-private.

@BeforeEach
public void setup()

@BeforeClass
public static void setup()

The fields visibility can be private.

@RegisterExtension
public final TestingFatalErrorHandlerExtension testingFatalErrorHandlerExtension =
     new TestingFatalErrorHandlerExtension();

[RocMarshal]

Thanks @Jiabao-Sun for the review.
I made some change based on your comments.
Would you mind taking a look ? many thanks~ :)

[caicancai]

LGTM, I have no other opinions here

[Jiabao-Sun]

Thanks @RocMarshal for the quick update and @caicancai for the review.
LGTM.