[FLINK-9660] [mesos] Allow passing custom artifacts to Mesos workers

[lishim]

What is the purpose of the change

• This pull request introduces a feature that allows passing custom artifact URIs to Mesos workers

Brief change log

• A new parameter mesos.resourcemanager.tasks.uris was introduced

Verifying this change

This change added tests and can be verified as follows:

• Added unit tests that verify correctness of behavior of new parameter
• Manually verified behavior by running Flink in Mesos with Docker containerizer and 2 task managers. A private Docker registry was used for taskmanager Docker image. Confirmed that Mesos was unable to pull the image with default settings. After that, added mesos.resourcemanager.tasks.uris parameter with path to local archive containing Docker credentials configuration. Confirmed the file was extracted to local sandbox of taskmanager Mesos task, and Docker image was successfully pulled.

Does this pull request potentially affect one of the following parts:

• Dependencies (does it add or upgrade a dependency): no
• The public API, i.e., is any changed class annotated with @Public(Evolving): no
• The serializers: no
• The runtime per-record code paths (performance sensitive): no
• Anything that affects deployment or recovery: JobManager (and its components), Checkpointing, Yarn/Mesos, ZooKeeper: yes
• The S3 file system connector: no

Documentation

• Does this pull request introduce a new feature? yes
• If yes, how is the feature documented? docs

[tillrohrmann]

Thanks for your contribution @lishim. The changes look good to me. Merging this PR.