HADOOP-19145. Add software architecture document

[lkhorasandzhian]

Add SAD of Apache Hadoop and folders with essential diagrams.

Description of PR

JIRA: HADOOP-19145. Create Software Architecture Document for Apache Hadoop.
We (@lkhorasandzhian & @vacherkasskiy) have prepared features for documentation. This document is very useful for new contributors and developers to get acquainted with enormous system in a short time. Currently it's only in Russian, but if you're interested in such files we can translate it in English.
There are no changes in code, only adding new documentation files.

How was this patch tested?

This patch doesn't involve testing.

For code changes:

• Does the title or this PR starts with the corresponding JIRA issue id (e.g. 'HADOOP-17799. Your PR title ...')?
• Object storage: have the integration tests been executed and the endpoint declared according to the connector-specific documentation?
• If adding new dependencies to the code, are these dependencies licensed in a way that is compatible for inclusion under ASF 2.0?
• If applicable, have you updated the LICENSE, LICENSE-binary, NOTICE-binary files?

[hadoop-yetus]

🎊 +1 overall

Vote	Subsystem	Runtime	Logfile	Comment
+0 🆗	reexec	12m 52s		Docker mode activated.
			_ Prechecks _
+1 💚	dupname	0m 1s		No case conflicting files found.
+0 🆗	codespell	0m 1s		codespell was not available.
+0 🆗	detsecrets	0m 1s		detect-secrets was not available.
+0 🆗	shelldocs	0m 1s		Shelldocs was not available.
+1 💚	@author	0m 0s		The patch does not contain any @author tags.
			_ trunk Compile Tests _
+1 💚	shadedclient	42m 25s		branch has no errors when building and testing our client artifacts.
			_ Patch Compile Tests _
+1 💚	blanks	0m 1s		The patch has no blanks issues.
+1 💚	shellcheck	0m 0s		No new issues.
+1 💚	shadedclient	31m 54s		patch has no errors when building and testing our client artifacts.
			_ Other Tests _
+1 💚	asflicense	0m 37s		The patch does not generate ASF License warnings.
		92m 48s

Subsystem	Report/Notes
Docker	ClientAPI=1.45 ServerAPI=1.45 base: https://ci-hadoop.apache.org/job/hadoop-multibranch/job/PR-6712/1/artifact/out/Dockerfile
GITHUB PR	#6712
Optional Tests	dupname asflicense codespell detsecrets shellcheck shelldocs
uname	Linux 652f1b0b3edf 5.15.0-101-generic #111-Ubuntu SMP Tue Mar 5 20:16:58 UTC 2024 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
Build tool	maven
Personality	dev-support/bin/hadoop.sh
git revision	trunk / b1c2ce3
Max. process+thread count	709 (vs. ulimit of 5500)
modules	C: . U: .
Console output	https://ci-hadoop.apache.org/job/hadoop-multibranch/job/PR-6712/1/console
versions	git=2.25.1 maven=3.6.3 shellcheck=0.7.0
Powered by	Apache Yetus 0.14.0 https://yetus.apache.org

This message was automatically generated.

[hadoop-yetus]

💔 -1 overall

Vote	Subsystem	Runtime	Logfile	Comment
			_ Prechecks _
+1 💚	dupname	0m 02s		No case conflicting files found.
+0 🆗	codespell	0m 02s		codespell was not available.
+0 🆗	detsecrets	0m 02s		detect-secrets was not available.
+0 🆗	shellcheck	0m 02s		Shellcheck was not available.
+0 🆗	shelldocs	0m 02s		Shelldocs was not available.
+1 💚	@author	0m 00s		The patch does not contain any @author tags.
			_ trunk Compile Tests _
+1 💚	shadedclient	143m 23s		branch has no errors when building and testing our client artifacts.
			_ Patch Compile Tests _
-1 ❌	blanks	0m 00s	/blanks-eol.txt	The patch has 15 line(s) that end in blanks. Use git apply --whitespace=fix <<patch_file>>. Refer https://git-scm.com/docs/git-apply
-1 ❌	blanks	0m 00s	/blanks-tabs.txt	The patch 207 line(s) with tabs.
+1 💚	shadedclient	144m 04s		patch has no errors when building and testing our client artifacts.
			_ Other Tests _
+1 💚	asflicense	6m 04s		The patch does not generate ASF License warnings.
		303m 53s

Subsystem	Report/Notes
GITHUB PR	#6712
Optional Tests	dupname asflicense codespell detsecrets shellcheck shelldocs
uname	MINGW64_NT-10.0-17763 bfa26e3136b3 3.4.10-87d57229.x86_64 2024-02-14 20:17 UTC x86_64 Msys
Build tool	maven
Personality	/c/hadoop/dev-support/bin/hadoop.sh
git revision	trunk / b1c2ce3
modules	C: . U: .
Console output	https://ci-hadoop.apache.org/job/hadoop-multibranch-windows-10/job/PR-6712/1/console
versions	git=2.44.0.windows.1
Powered by	Apache Yetus 0.14.0 https://yetus.apache.org

This message was automatically generated.