gcs_to_bq.py

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import json

from airflow.contrib.hooks.gcs_hook import GoogleCloudStorageHook
from airflow.contrib.hooks.bigquery_hook import BigQueryHook
from airflow.models import BaseOperator
from airflow.utils.decorators import apply_defaults


class GoogleCloudStorageToBigQueryOperator(BaseOperator):
    """
    Loads files from Google cloud storage into BigQuery.

    The schema to be used for the BigQuery table may be specified in one of
    two ways. You may either directly pass the schema fields in, or you may
    point the operator to a Google cloud storage object name. The object in
    Google cloud storage must be a JSON file with the schema fields in it.

    :param bucket: The bucket to load from. (templated)
    :type bucket: str
    :param source_objects: List of Google cloud storage URIs to load from. (templated)
        If source_format is 'DATASTORE_BACKUP', the list must only contain a single URI.
    :type source_objects: list of str
    :param destination_project_dataset_table: The dotted (<project>.)<dataset>.<table>
        BigQuery table to load data into. If <project> is not included,
        project will be the project defined in the connection json. (templated)
    :type destination_project_dataset_table: str
    :param schema_fields: If set, the schema field list as defined here:
        https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/v2/jobs#configuration.load
        Should not be set when source_format is 'DATASTORE_BACKUP'.
    :type schema_fields: list
    :param schema_object: If set, a GCS object path pointing to a .json file that
        contains the schema for the table. (templated)
    :type schema_object: str
    :param source_format: File format to export.
    :type source_format: str
    :param compression: [Optional] The compression type of the data source.
        Possible values include GZIP and NONE.
        The default value is NONE.
        This setting is ignored for Google Cloud Bigtable,
        Google Cloud Datastore backups and Avro formats.
    :type compression: str
    :param create_disposition: The create disposition if the table doesn't exist.
    :type create_disposition: str
    :param skip_leading_rows: Number of rows to skip when loading from a CSV.
    :type skip_leading_rows: int
    :param write_disposition: The write disposition if the table already exists.
    :type write_disposition: str
    :param field_delimiter: The delimiter to use when loading from a CSV.
    :type field_delimiter: str
    :param max_bad_records: The maximum number of bad records that BigQuery can
        ignore when running the job.
    :type max_bad_records: int
    :param quote_character: The value that is used to quote data sections in a CSV file.
    :type quote_character: str
    :param ignore_unknown_values: [Optional] Indicates if BigQuery should allow
        extra values that are not represented in the table schema.
        If true, the extra values are ignored. If false, records with extra columns
        are treated as bad records, and if there are too many bad records, an
        invalid error is returned in the job result.
    :type ignore_unknown_values: bool
    :param allow_quoted_newlines: Whether to allow quoted newlines (true) or not (false).
    :type allow_quoted_newlines: bool
    :param allow_jagged_rows: Accept rows that are missing trailing optional columns.
        The missing values are treated as nulls. If false, records with missing trailing
        columns are treated as bad records, and if there are too many bad records, an
        invalid error is returned in the job result. Only applicable to CSV, ignored
        for other formats.
    :type allow_jagged_rows: bool
    :param max_id_key: If set, the name of a column in the BigQuery table
        that's to be loaded. This will be used to select the MAX value from
        BigQuery after the load occurs. The results will be returned by the
        execute() command, which in turn gets stored in XCom for future
        operators to use. This can be helpful with incremental loads--during
        future executions, you can pick up from the max ID.
    :type max_id_key: str
    :param bigquery_conn_id: Reference to a specific BigQuery hook.
    :type bigquery_conn_id: str
    :param google_cloud_storage_conn_id: Reference to a specific Google
        cloud storage hook.
    :type google_cloud_storage_conn_id: str
    :param delegate_to: The account to impersonate, if any. For this to
        work, the service account making the request must have domain-wide
        delegation enabled.
    :type delegate_to: str
    :param schema_update_options: Allows the schema of the destination
        table to be updated as a side effect of the load job.
    :type schema_update_options: list
    :param src_fmt_configs: configure optional fields specific to the source format
    :type src_fmt_configs: dict
    :param external_table: Flag to specify if the destination table should be
        a BigQuery external table. Default Value is False.
    :type external_table: bool
    :param time_partitioning: configure optional time partitioning fields i.e.
        partition by field, type and  expiration as per API specifications.
        Note that 'field' is not available in concurrency with
        dataset.table$partition.
    :type time_partitioning: dict
    :param cluster_fields: Request that the result of this load be stored sorted
        by one or more columns. This is only available in conjunction with
        time_partitioning. The order of columns given determines the sort order.
        Not applicable for external tables.
    :type cluster_fields: list of str
    """
    template_fields = ('bucket', 'source_objects',
                       'schema_object', 'destination_project_dataset_table')
    template_ext = ('.sql',)
    ui_color = '#f0eee4'

    @apply_defaults
    def __init__(self,
                 bucket,
                 source_objects,
                 destination_project_dataset_table,
                 schema_fields=None,
                 schema_object=None,
                 source_format='CSV',
                 compression='NONE',
                 create_disposition='CREATE_IF_NEEDED',
                 skip_leading_rows=0,
                 write_disposition='WRITE_EMPTY',
                 field_delimiter=',',
                 max_bad_records=0,
                 quote_character=None,
                 ignore_unknown_values=False,
                 allow_quoted_newlines=False,
                 allow_jagged_rows=False,
                 max_id_key=None,
                 bigquery_conn_id='bigquery_default',
                 google_cloud_storage_conn_id='google_cloud_default',
                 delegate_to=None,
                 schema_update_options=(),
                 src_fmt_configs=None,
                 external_table=False,
                 time_partitioning=None,
                 cluster_fields=None,
                 *args, **kwargs):

        super(GoogleCloudStorageToBigQueryOperator, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        # GCS config
        if src_fmt_configs is None:
            src_fmt_configs = {}
        if time_partitioning is None:
            time_partitioning = {}
        self.bucket = bucket
        self.source_objects = source_objects
        self.schema_object = schema_object

        # BQ config
        self.destination_project_dataset_table = destination_project_dataset_table
        self.schema_fields = schema_fields
        self.source_format = source_format
        self.compression = compression
        self.create_disposition = create_disposition
        self.skip_leading_rows = skip_leading_rows
        self.write_disposition = write_disposition
        self.field_delimiter = field_delimiter
        self.max_bad_records = max_bad_records
        self.quote_character = quote_character
        self.ignore_unknown_values = ignore_unknown_values
        self.allow_quoted_newlines = allow_quoted_newlines
        self.allow_jagged_rows = allow_jagged_rows
        self.external_table = external_table

        self.max_id_key = max_id_key
        self.bigquery_conn_id = bigquery_conn_id
        self.google_cloud_storage_conn_id = google_cloud_storage_conn_id
        self.delegate_to = delegate_to

        self.schema_update_options = schema_update_options
        self.src_fmt_configs = src_fmt_configs
        self.time_partitioning = time_partitioning
        self.cluster_fields = cluster_fields

    def execute(self, context):
        bq_hook = BigQueryHook(bigquery_conn_id=self.bigquery_conn_id,
                               delegate_to=self.delegate_to)

        if not self.schema_fields and \
                self.schema_object and \
                self.source_format != 'DATASTORE_BACKUP':
            gcs_hook = GoogleCloudStorageHook(
                google_cloud_storage_conn_id=self.google_cloud_storage_conn_id,
                delegate_to=self.delegate_to)
            schema_fields = json.loads(gcs_hook.download(
                self.bucket,
                self.schema_object).decode("utf-8"))
        else:
            schema_fields = self.schema_fields

        source_uris = ['gs://{}/{}'.format(self.bucket, source_object)
                       for source_object in self.source_objects]
        conn = bq_hook.get_conn()
        cursor = conn.cursor()

        if self.external_table:
            cursor.create_external_table(
                external_project_dataset_table=self.destination_project_dataset_table,
                schema_fields=schema_fields,
                source_uris=source_uris,
                source_format=self.source_format,
                compression=self.compression,
                skip_leading_rows=self.skip_leading_rows,
                field_delimiter=self.field_delimiter,
                max_bad_records=self.max_bad_records,
                quote_character=self.quote_character,
                ignore_unknown_values=self.ignore_unknown_values,
                allow_quoted_newlines=self.allow_quoted_newlines,
                allow_jagged_rows=self.allow_jagged_rows,
                src_fmt_configs=self.src_fmt_configs
            )
        else:
            cursor.run_load(
                destination_project_dataset_table=self.destination_project_dataset_table,
                schema_fields=schema_fields,
                source_uris=source_uris,
                source_format=self.source_format,
                create_disposition=self.create_disposition,
                skip_leading_rows=self.skip_leading_rows,
                write_disposition=self.write_disposition,
                field_delimiter=self.field_delimiter,
                max_bad_records=self.max_bad_records,
                quote_character=self.quote_character,
                ignore_unknown_values=self.ignore_unknown_values,
                allow_quoted_newlines=self.allow_quoted_newlines,
                allow_jagged_rows=self.allow_jagged_rows,
                schema_update_options=self.schema_update_options,
                src_fmt_configs=self.src_fmt_configs,
                time_partitioning=self.time_partitioning,
                cluster_fields=self.cluster_fields)

        if self.max_id_key:
            cursor.execute('SELECT MAX({}) FROM {}'.format(
                self.max_id_key,
                self.destination_project_dataset_table))
            row = cursor.fetchone()
            max_id = row[0] if row[0] else 0
            self.log.info(
                'Loaded BQ data with max %s.%s=%s',
                self.destination_project_dataset_table, self.max_id_key, max_id
            )
            return max_id