RISC-V linker fail, relocation truncated to fit: R_RISCV_HI20 #10594

TaiJuWu · 2023-09-12T00:55:56Z

When I try to compile nuttx hash: f39de6f
config: rv-virt:smp64
tookchain: riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc (g2ee5e430018) 12.2.0

riscv64-unknown-elf-ld: warning: /home/ubuntu/nuttxSpace/nuttx/nuttx has a LOAD segment with RWX permissions
/opt/riscv/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/12.2.0/libgcc.a(_clzsi2.o): in function `__clzdi2':
/home/ubuntu/riscv-gnu-toolchain/build-gcc-newlib-stage2/riscv64-unknown-elf/libgcc/../../.././gcc/libgcc/libgcc2.c:690:(.text+0x18): relocation truncated to fit: R_RISCV_HI20 against symbol `__clz_tab' defined in .rodata section in /opt/riscv/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/12.2.0/libgcc.a(_clz.o)

Does anyone meet this problem?

The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered:

xiaoxiang781216 · 2023-09-12T02:17:33Z

Where you toolchain come from? This is a known issue for the new toolchain which lead #10306 was reverted. Could you spend time to fix it?

TaiJuWu · 2023-09-12T02:35:27Z

Where you toolchain come from? This is a known issue for the new toolchain which lead #10306 was reverted. Could you spend time to fix it?

My toolchain version is 12.2.0 comes from https://github.com/riscv-collab/riscv-gnu-toolchain.
If you have detailed step I can try to fix #10306 but I don't have many knowledge about compiler.
By the way my mac is M1, Im not sure it fit to rest.

xiaoxiang781216 · 2023-09-12T03:16:12Z

Since it's the same problem, you can fix the problem with your current environment. Once the fix is merged, I will bring back #10306 to ensure no new break happen in the future.

no1wudi · 2023-09-12T10:22:15Z

Maybe we should build riscv toolchain from souce to match our requirement, by default the prebuilt toolchain use -mcmodel=medlow which may provide better performance but limit the jump range, we use -mcmodel=medany, they are not compatible in some scenarios, refer to riscvarchive/riscv-gcc#153

TaiJuWu · 2023-09-12T10:43:34Z

I find a post illustrate this problem and the key is jal by itself gives you only 20 bits, which means a +/-1MB range.

Original linker script is

SECTIONS
{
  . = 0x80000000;

  .text :
    {
      _stext = . ;
      *(.text) // key
      *(.text.*)
      *(.gnu.warning)
      *(.stub)
      *(.glue_7)
      *(.glue_7t)
      *(.jcr)

      /* C++ support:  The .init and .fini sections contain specific logic
       * to manage static constructors and destructors.
       */

      *(.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
      *(.init)             /* Old ABI */
      *(.fini)             /* Old ABI */
      _etext = . ;
    }

  .rodata :
    {
      _srodata = . ;
      *(.rodata)
      *(.rodata1)
      *(.rodata.*)
      *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
      _erodata = . ;
    }
.....

and their address show

0x000000008000051e                __clzdi2
0x0000000080017f20                __clz_tab

After I modify linker script to

SECTIONS
{
  . = 0x80000000;

  .text :
    {
      _stext = . ;
      *(.text.*)
      *(.gnu.warning)
      *(.stub)
      *(.glue_7)
      *(.glue_7t)
      *(.jcr)
      *(.text) // move here
      
      /* C++ support:  The .init and .fini sections contain specific logic
       * to manage static constructors and destructors.
       */

      *(.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
      *(.init)             /* Old ABI */
      *(.fini)             /* Old ABI */
      _etext = . ;
    }

  .rodata :
    {
      _srodata = . ;
      *(.rodata)
      *(.rodata1)
      *(.rodata.*)
      *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
      _erodata = . ;
    }

Their address are

0x0000000080017f1e                __clzdi2
0x0000000080017f60                __clz_tab

But still failed.

pkarashchenko · 2023-09-12T21:37:35Z

Could you please modify the linker script to become

SECTIONS
{
  . = 0x80000000;

  .text :
    {
      _stext = . ;
      *(.text) // key
      *(.text.*)
      *(.gnu.warning)
      *(.stub)
      *(.glue_7)
      *(.glue_7t)
      *(.jcr)

      /* C++ support:  The .init and .fini sections contain specific logic
       * to manage static constructors and destructors.
       */

      *(.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
      *(.init)             /* Old ABI */
      *(.fini)             /* Old ABI */
      _etext = . ;
    }

  .rodata :
    {
      _srodata = . ;
      *(.rodata)
      *(.rodata1)
      *(.rodata.*)
      *(.srodata)
      *(.srodata.*)
      *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
      _erodata = . ;
    }

also it would be good to add *(.sdata .sdata.* .sdata2.*) to .data section I think in some place before *(.gnu.linkonce.s.*) should be fine and *(.sbss*) to .bss section.
Could you please try it out and feedback if that helps?

pkarashchenko · 2023-09-12T21:42:05Z

I think you can try to follow https://github.com/apache/nuttx/blob/master/boards/risc-v/c906/smartl-c906/scripts/ld.script as an example

TaiJuWu · 2023-09-13T01:32:53Z

Could you please modify the linker script to become

SECTIONS
{
  . = 0x80000000;

  .text :
    {
      _stext = . ;
      *(.text) // key
      *(.text.*)
      *(.gnu.warning)
      *(.stub)
      *(.glue_7)
      *(.glue_7t)
      *(.jcr)

      /* C++ support:  The .init and .fini sections contain specific logic
       * to manage static constructors and destructors.
       */

      *(.gnu.linkonce.t.*)
      *(.init)             /* Old ABI */
      *(.fini)             /* Old ABI */
      _etext = . ;
    }

  .rodata :
    {
      _srodata = . ;
      *(.rodata)
      *(.rodata1)
      *(.rodata.*)
      *(.srodata)
      *(.srodata.*)
      *(.gnu.linkonce.r*)
      _erodata = . ;
    }

also it would be good to add *(.sdata .sdata.* .sdata2.*) to .data section I think in some place before *(.gnu.linkonce.s.*) should be fine and *(.sbss*) to .bss section. Could you please try it out and feedback if that helps?

It still failed and the error message is same as before .

pkarashchenko · 2023-09-15T21:07:13Z

I downloaded and installed the same toolchain and am able to reproduce an issue. I think the case is that toolchain is build without support of medany model as riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc -v outputs

Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/share/riscv64-elf-gcc-nightly-2023.09.13/bin/../libexec/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/12.2.0/lto-wrapper
Target: riscv64-unknown-elf
Configured with: /home/runner/work/riscv-gnu-toolchain/riscv-gnu-toolchain/gcc/configure --target=riscv64-unknown-elf --prefix=/opt/riscv --disable-shared --disable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-pkgversion= --with-system-zlib --enable-tls --with-newlib --with-sysroot=/opt/riscv/riscv64-unknown-elf --with-native-system-header-dir=/include --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp --disable-libquadmath --disable-libgomp --disable-nls --disable-tm-clone-registry --src=.././gcc --disable-multilib --with-abi=lp64d --with-arch=rv64gc --with-tune=rocket --with-isa-spec=20191213 'CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-Os    -mcmodel=medlow' 'CXXFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-Os    -mcmodel=medlow'
Thread model: single
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 12.2.0 ()

I think the best would be to use toolchain from #10306

pkarashchenko · 2023-09-15T21:13:33Z

That is interesting. Could you please share map files with and without the issue?

TaiJuWu · 2023-09-15T21:27:42Z

That is interesting. Could you please share map files with and without the issue?

Sorry, I forgot I using arm toolchain to work instead of riscv now.

pkarashchenko · 2023-09-16T07:45:41Z

I recommend to use a proper toolchain and close this issue. Basically we need toolchain to support -mcmodel=medany that https://github.com/riscv-collab/riscv-gnu-toolchain obviously does not.

TaiJuWu · 2023-09-16T07:47:06Z

I recommend to use a proper toolchain and close this issue. Basically we need toolchain to support -mcmodel=medany that https://github.com/riscv-collab/riscv-gnu-toolchain obviously does not.

I got it. Thanks your reply.

pkarashchenko · 2023-09-16T08:03:18Z

If you do not need to compile C++ code then you can use the latest toolchain from https://github.com/sifive/freedom-tools/releases

xiaoxiang781216 · 2023-09-16T09:50:28Z

@pkarashchenko do you find the latest prebuilt toolchain from the well-known provider which support -mcmodel=medany? Otherwise, we can' fix C++ error reported from macOS:
https://github.com/apache/nuttx/actions/runs/6206108099/job/16850015017?pr=10643
since the current riscv toolchain is too old to support the new version of libcxx.

pkarashchenko · 2023-09-16T10:25:45Z

The issue here is that SiFive stopped the creation of prebuilt versions (not sure why, but still this is the fact) and all other places I found seem to be tailored to a specific use case.

xiaoxiang781216 · 2023-09-16T10:32:29Z

Yes, we need find a provider which build the toolchain with -mcmodel=medany, otherwise we can't:

Upgrade libcxx to the new version
Fix macOS ci error

Both are important and urgent to us, so let's reopen this issue to track the progress.

xiaoxiang781216 · 2023-09-18T02:14:31Z

toolchain upgrade try before: #10306 and #10348.

lupyuen · 2023-09-18T02:31:41Z

Hi All: Wonder if the xPack GNU RISC-V Embedded GCC might fix this problem?

https://xpack.github.io/dev-tools/riscv-none-elf-gcc/install/

I built NuttX for JH7110 (RISCV64, NuttX Kernel Mode) with the xPack Toolchain, and it boots OK on Star64 SBC. I haven't tested Math Functions yet:

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/riscv#appendix-xpack-gnu-risc-v-embedded-gcc-toolchain-for-64-bit-risc-v

I'm exploring xPack as an alternative toolchain, since SiFive Freedom Tools won't run on Arm64 Linux (Raspberry Pi OS). I tried gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf on Arm64 Debian, but it doesn't include "math.h":

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/release#appendix-missing-mathh

Update: xPack Toolchain works OK with Math Functions on JH7110: Source Code / Output Log / ELF Symbols

no1wudi · 2023-09-18T03:20:12Z

xPack's toolchain may not fix this problem, I got its compile configurations by --verbose:

riscv-none-elf-gcc --verbose
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=./riscv-none-elf-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/workspaces/xpack-riscv-none-elf-gcc-13.2.0-1/bin/../libexec/gcc/riscv-none-elf/13.2.0/lto-wrapper
Target: riscv-none-elf
Configured with: /__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/sources/gcc-13.2.0/configure --prefix=/__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/application --with-sysroot=/__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/application/riscv-none-elf --with-native-system-header-dir=/include --infodir=/__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/install/share/info --mandir=/__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/install/share/man --htmldir=/__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/install/share/html --pdfdir=/__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/install/share/pdf --build=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --host=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu --target=riscv-none-elf --disable-libgomp --disable-libmudflap --disable-libquadmath --disable-libsanitizer --disable-libssp --disable-nls --disable-shared --disable-threads --disable-tls --enable-checking=release --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran --with-gmp=/__w/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/riscv-none-elf-gcc-xpack/build/linux-x64/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/install --with-newlib --with-pkgversion='xPack GNU RISC-V Embedded GCC x86_64' --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --with-system-zlib --with-abi=ilp32 --with-arch=rv32imac --enable-multilib
Thread model: single
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib zstd
gcc version 13.2.0 (xPack GNU RISC-V Embedded GCC x86_64)

The toolchain from Ubuntu/Debian may works since it compiled with -mcmodel=medany but it lacks of libm:

Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/lib/gcc/riscv64-unknown-elf/9.3.0/lto-wrapper
Target: riscv64-unknown-elf
Configured with: ../configure --build=x86_64-linux-gnu --prefix=/usr --includedir='/usr/include' --mandir='/usr/share/man' --infodir='/usr/share/info' --sysconfdir=/etc --localstatedir=/var --disable-silent-rules --libdir='/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu' --libexecdir='/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu' --disable-maintainer-mode --disable-dependency-tracking --target=riscv64-unknown-elf --prefix=/usr --infodir=/usr/share/doc/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf/info --mandir=/usr/share/man --htmldir=/usr/share/doc/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf/html --pdfdir=/usr/share/doc/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf/pdf --bindir=/usr/bin --libexecdir=/usr/lib --libdir=/usr/lib --with-pkgversion= --disable-shared --disable-threads --enable-languages=c,c++ --enable-tls --with-newlib --with-native-system-header-dir=/include --disable-libmudflap --disable-libssp --disable-libquadmath --disable-libgomp --disable-nls --with-system-zlib --enable-checking=yes --enable-multilib --with-abi=lp64d --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-libstdcxx --disable-fixinc --with-arch=rv64imafdc --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --with-as=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/as --with-ld=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/ld AR_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/ar AS_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/as NM_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/nm LD_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/ld OBJDUMP_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/objdump RANLIB_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/ranlib READELF_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/readelf STRIP_FOR_TARGET=/usr/lib/riscv64-unknown-elf/bin/strip CFLAGS='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-3seJsn/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-9.3.0=. -fstack-protector-strong' CPPFLAGS='-Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2' CXXFLAGS='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-3seJsn/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-9.3.0=. -fstack-protector-strong' FCFLAGS='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-3seJsn/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-9.3.0=. -fstack-protector-strong' FFLAGS='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-3seJsn/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-9.3.0=. -fstack-protector-strong' GCJFLAGS='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-3seJsn/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-9.3.0=. -fstack-protector-strong' LDFLAGS='-Wl,-Bsymbolic-functions -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now' OBJCFLAGS='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-3seJsn/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-9.3.0=. -fstack-protector-strong' OBJCXXFLAGS='-g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-3seJsn/gcc-riscv64-unknown-elf-9.3.0=. -fstack-protector-strong' 'CFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-Os -mcmodel=medany' 'CXXFLAGS_FOR_TARGET=-Os -mcmodel=medany'
Thread model: single
gcc version 9.3.0 ()

xiaoxiang781216 · 2023-09-18T03:50:03Z

@lupyuen libm issue could be fixed by select from nuttx, newlib, libmcs and openlibm if toolchain doesn't provide one:
https://github.com/apache/nuttx/blob/master/libs/libm/Kconfig#L6-L61

lupyuen · 2023-09-18T03:51:50Z

@no1wudi I found this message under xPack v12.1.0.2, does it mean that -mcmodel=medany is already selected?

https://xpack.github.io/blog/2022/05/18/riscv-none-elf-gcc-v12-1-0-2-released/#-mcmodelmedany

The libraries are compiled with -O2 -mcmodel=medany. The nano version is compiled with -Os -mcmodel=medany.

Important: It is mandatory for the applications to be compiled with -mcmodel=medany, otherwise the link might fail.

(Update: The message appears in all versions of xPack)

It doesn't appear in the binary though:

→ ./riscv-none-elf-gcc  --verbose
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=./riscv-none-elf-gcc
COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/private/tmp/xpack-riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/bin/../libexec/gcc/riscv-none-elf/12.1.0/lto-wrapper
Target: riscv-none-elf
Configured with: /Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/sources/gcc-12.1.0/configure
  --prefix=/Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/install/riscv-none-elf-gcc
  --prefix=/Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/install/riscv-none-elf-gcc
  --infodir=/Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/install/riscv-none-elf-gcc/share/doc/info
  --mandir=/Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/install/riscv-none-elf-gcc/share/doc/man
  --htmldir=/Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/install/riscv-none-elf-gcc/share/doc/html
  --pdfdir=/Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/install/riscv-none-elf-gcc/share/doc/pdf
  --build=x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0
  --host=x86_64-apple-darwin17.7.0
  --target=riscv-none-elf
  --disable-nls
  --disable-shared
  --disable-threads
  --disable-tls
  --enable-checking=release
  --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran
  --with-gmp=/Users/ilg/Work/riscv-none-elf-gcc-12.1.0-2/darwin-x64/install/libs
  --with-newlib
  --with-pkgversion='xPack GNU RISC-V Embedded GCC x86_64'
  --with-system-zlib
  --with-abi=ilp32
  --with-arch=rv32imac
  --enable-multilib
Thread model: single
Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib
gcc version 12.1.0 (xPack GNU RISC-V Embedded GCC x86_64)

no1wudi · 2023-09-18T04:39:59Z

@no1wudi I found this message under xPack v12.1.0.2, does it mean that -mcmodel=medany is already selected?

https://xpack.github.io/blog/2022/05/18/riscv-none-elf-gcc-v12-1-0-2-released/#-mcmodelmedany

The libraries are compiled with -O2 -mcmodel=medany. The nano version is compiled with -Os -mcmodel=medany.

Thanks for your notifacation, maybe we can consider to use xPack's toolchain for risc-v in CI.

xiaoxiang781216 mentioned this issue Sep 12, 2023

sim:change Mac sim archive operate from replace to quick insertion #10600

Merged

TaiJuWu closed this as completed Sep 16, 2023

xiaoxiang781216 reopened this Sep 16, 2023

xiaoxiang781216 mentioned this issue Sep 17, 2023

vela fs procfs add clock procfs entry #10647

Merged

no1wudi mentioned this issue Sep 18, 2023

tools: Use GCC 13.2 from xPack for risc-v #10689

Merged

xiaoxiang781216 linked a pull request Sep 18, 2023 that will close this issue

tools: Use GCC 13.2 from xPack for risc-v #10689

Merged

xiaoxiang781216 closed this as completed in #10689 Sep 18, 2023

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RISC-V linker fail, relocation truncated to fit: R_RISCV_HI20 #10594

RISC-V linker fail, relocation truncated to fit: R_RISCV_HI20 #10594

TaiJuWu commented Sep 12, 2023

xiaoxiang781216 commented Sep 12, 2023 •

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RISC-V linker fail, relocation truncated to fit: R_RISCV_HI20 #10594

RISC-V linker fail, relocation truncated to fit: R_RISCV_HI20 #10594

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