[SEDONA-478] Sedona 1.5.1 context initialization fails without GeoTools coverage

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/sedona/spark/SedonaContext.scala

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ package org.apache.sedona.spark
 
 import org.apache.sedona.common.utils.TelemetryCollector
 import org.apache.sedona.core.serde.SedonaKryoRegistrator
+import org.apache.sedona.sql.RasterRegistrator
 import org.apache.sedona.sql.UDF.UdfRegistrator
 import org.apache.sedona.sql.UDT.UdtRegistrator
 import org.apache.spark.serializer.KryoSerializer
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ object SedonaContext {
       sparkSession.experimental.extraOptimizations ++= Seq(new SpatialFilterPushDownForGeoParquet(sparkSession))
     }
     addGeoParquetToSupportNestedFilterSources(sparkSession)
+    RasterRegistrator.registerAll(sparkSession)
     UdtRegistrator.registerAll()
     UdfRegistrator.registerAll(sparkSession)
     sparkSession

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/sedona/sql/RasterRegistrator.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.sedona.sql
+
+import org.apache.sedona.sql.UDF.RasterUdafCatalog
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.FunctionIdentifier
+import org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.UDT.RasterUdtRegistratorWrapper
+import org.apache.spark.sql.{SparkSession, functions}
+import org.slf4j.{Logger, LoggerFactory}
+
+object RasterRegistrator {
+  val logger: Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass)
+  private val gridClassName = "org.geotools.coverage.grid.GridCoverage2D"
+
+  // Helper method to check if GridCoverage2D is available
+  private def isGeoToolsAvailable: Boolean = {
+    try {
+      Class.forName(gridClassName, true, Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader)
+      true
+    } catch {
+      case _: ClassNotFoundException =>
+        logger.warn("Geotools was not found on the classpath. Raster operations will not be available.")
+        false
+    }
+  }
+
+  def registerAll(sparkSession: SparkSession): Unit = {
+    if (isGeoToolsAvailable) {
+      RasterUdtRegistratorWrapper.registerAll(gridClassName)
+      sparkSession.udf.register(RasterUdafCatalog.rasterAggregateExpression.getClass.getSimpleName, functions.udaf(RasterUdafCatalog.rasterAggregateExpression))
+    }
+  }
+
+  def dropAll(sparkSession: SparkSession): Unit = {
+    if (isGeoToolsAvailable) {
+      sparkSession.sessionState.functionRegistry.dropFunction(FunctionIdentifier(RasterUdafCatalog.rasterAggregateExpression.getClass.getSimpleName))
+    }
+  }
+}

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/sedona/sql/UDF/Catalog.scala

@@ -22,14 +22,12 @@ import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.FunctionIdentifier
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.analysis.FunctionRegistry.FunctionBuilder
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{ExpectsInputTypes, Expression, ExpressionInfo, Literal}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Aggregator
+import org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.expressions._
 import org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.expressions.collect.ST_Collect
 import org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.expressions.raster._
-import org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.expressions._
-import org.geotools.coverage.grid.GridCoverage2D
 import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Geometry
 import org.locationtech.jts.operation.buffer.BufferParameters
 
-import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
 import scala.reflect.ClassTag
 
 object Catalog {
@@ -285,8 +283,6 @@ object Catalog {
     function[RS_NetCDFInfo]()
   )
 
-  val rasterAggregateExpression: Aggregator[(GridCoverage2D, Int), ArrayBuffer[BandData], GridCoverage2D] = new RS_Union_Aggr
-
   val aggregateExpressions: Seq[Aggregator[Geometry, Geometry, Geometry]] = Seq(
     new ST_Union_Aggr,
     new ST_Envelope_Aggr,

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/sedona/sql/UDF/RasterUdafCatalog.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.sedona.sql.UDF
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.expressions.Aggregator
+import org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.expressions.raster.{BandData, RS_Union_Aggr}
+import org.geotools.coverage.grid.GridCoverage2D
+
+import scala.collection.mutable.ArrayBuffer
+
+object RasterUdafCatalog {
+  val rasterAggregateExpression: Aggregator[(GridCoverage2D, Int), ArrayBuffer[BandData], GridCoverage2D] = new RS_Union_Aggr
+}

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/sedona/sql/UDF/UdfRegistrator.scala

@@ -37,7 +37,6 @@ object UdfRegistrator {
     }
 Catalog.aggregateExpressions.foreach(f => sparkSession.udf.register(f.getClass.getSimpleName, functions.udaf(f))) // SPARK3 anchor
 //Catalog.aggregateExpressions_UDAF.foreach(f => sparkSession.udf.register(f.getClass.getSimpleName, f)) // SPARK2 anchor
-    sparkSession.udf.register(Catalog.rasterAggregateExpression.getClass.getSimpleName, functions.udaf(Catalog.rasterAggregateExpression))
   }
 
   def dropAll(sparkSession: SparkSession): Unit = {
@@ -46,6 +45,5 @@ Catalog.aggregateExpressions.foreach(f => sparkSession.udf.register(f.getClass.g
     }
 Catalog.aggregateExpressions.foreach(f => sparkSession.sessionState.functionRegistry.dropFunction(FunctionIdentifier(f.getClass.getSimpleName))) // SPARK3 anchor
 //Catalog.aggregateExpressions_UDAF.foreach(f => sparkSession.sessionState.functionRegistry.dropFunction(FunctionIdentifier(f.getClass.getSimpleName))) // SPARK2 anchor
-    sparkSession.sessionState.functionRegistry.dropFunction(FunctionIdentifier(Catalog.rasterAggregateExpression.getClass.getSimpleName))
   }
 }

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/sedona/sql/utils/SedonaSQLRegistrator.scala

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 package org.apache.sedona.sql.utils
 
 import org.apache.sedona.spark.SedonaContext
+import org.apache.sedona.sql.RasterRegistrator
 import org.apache.sedona.sql.UDF.UdfRegistrator
 import org.apache.spark.sql.{SQLContext, SparkSession}
 
@@ -44,5 +45,6 @@ object SedonaSQLRegistrator {
 
   def dropAll(sparkSession: SparkSession): Unit = {
     UdfRegistrator.dropAll(sparkSession)
+    RasterRegistrator.dropAll(sparkSession)
   }
 }

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/sedona_sql/UDT/RasterUdtRegistratorWrapper.scala

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.UDT
+
+import org.apache.spark.sql.types.UDTRegistration
+
+object RasterUdtRegistratorWrapper {
+
+    def registerAll(gridClassName: String): Unit = {
+      UDTRegistration.register(gridClassName, classOf[RasterUDT].getName)
+    }
+}

spark/common/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/sedona_sql/UDT/UdtRegistratorWrapper.scala

@@ -18,26 +18,14 @@
  */
 package org.apache.spark.sql.sedona_sql.UDT
 
-import org.slf4j.{Logger, LoggerFactory}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.types.UDTRegistration
 import org.locationtech.jts.geom.Geometry
 import org.locationtech.jts.index.SpatialIndex
 
 object UdtRegistratorWrapper {
 
-  val logger: Logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass)
-
   def registerAll(): Unit = {
     UDTRegistration.register(classOf[Geometry].getName, classOf[GeometryUDT].getName)
     UDTRegistration.register(classOf[SpatialIndex].getName, classOf[IndexUDT].getName)
-    // Rasters requires geotools which is optional.
-    val gridClassName = "org.geotools.coverage.grid.GridCoverage2D"
-    try {
-      // Trigger an exception if geotools is not found.
-      java.lang.Class.forName(gridClassName, true, Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader)
-      UDTRegistration.register(gridClassName, classOf[RasterUDT].getName)
-    } catch {
-      case e: ClassNotFoundException => logger.warn("Geotools was not found on the classpath. Raster type will not be registered.")
-    }
   }
 }