add test exercising stack overflow

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/execution/streaming/state/StateStoreSuite.scala

@@ -153,6 +153,23 @@ class StateStoreSuite extends StateStoreSuiteBase[HDFSBackedStateStoreProvider]
     assert(tempFiles.isEmpty)
   }
 
+  test("SPARK-22305: large number of deltas") {
+    val provider = newStoreProvider(opId = Random.nextInt, partition = 0, minDeltasForSnapshot = 5)
+    for (i <- 1 to 10000) {
+      val store = provider.getStore(i - 1)
+      put(store, "a", i)
+      store.commit()
+    }
+
+    // What we're trying to check is the case where we need to load partitions from N all the way
+    // down to 1, since in previous code that would cause a stack overflow. doMaintenance will
+    // generate a snapshot at the current version of 10000, but also evict most of the old versions
+    // from the state store cache. So if we try to get the store a few versions back, we'll dodge
+    // the snapshot and all cached versions.
+    provider.doMaintenance()
+    provider.getStore(9500)
+  }
+
   test("corrupted file handling") {
     val provider = newStoreProvider(opId = Random.nextInt, partition = 0, minDeltasForSnapshot = 5)
     for (i <- 1 to 6) {