[SPARK-8227] [SQL] Add function unhex

cc chenghao-intel  adrian-wang

Author: zhichao.li <zhichao.li@intel.com>

Closes #7113 from zhichao-li/unhex and squashes the following commits:

379356e [zhichao.li] remove exception checking
a4ae6dc [zhichao.li] add udf_unhex to whitelist
fe5c14a [zhichao.li] add todigit
607d7a3 [zhichao.li] use checkInputTypes
bffd37f [zhichao.li] change to use Hex in apache common package
cde73f5 [zhichao.li] update to use AutoCastInputTypes
11945c7 [zhichao.li] style
c852d46 [zhichao.li] Add function unhex

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/analysis/FunctionRegistry.scala

@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ object FunctionRegistry {
     expression[Substring]("substr"),
     expression[Substring]("substring"),
     expression[Upper]("ucase"),
+    expression[UnHex]("unhex"),
     expression[Upper]("upper")
   )
 

sql/catalyst/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/math.scala

@@ -351,6 +351,58 @@ case class Pow(left: Expression, right: Expression)
   }
 }
 
+/**
+ * Performs the inverse operation of HEX.
+ * Resulting characters are returned as a byte array.
+ */
+case class UnHex(child: Expression) extends UnaryExpression with Serializable {
+
+  override def dataType: DataType = BinaryType
+
+  override def checkInputDataTypes(): TypeCheckResult = {
+    if (child.dataType.isInstanceOf[StringType] || child.dataType == NullType) {
+      TypeCheckResult.TypeCheckSuccess
+    } else {
+      TypeCheckResult.TypeCheckFailure(s"unHex accepts String type, not ${child.dataType}")
+    }
+  }
+
+  override def eval(input: InternalRow): Any = {
+    val num = child.eval(input)
+    if (num == null) {
+      null
+    } else {
+      unhex(num.asInstanceOf[UTF8String].getBytes)
+    }
+  }
+
+  private val unhexDigits = {
+    val array = Array.fill[Byte](128)(-1)
+    (0 to 9).foreach(i => array('0' + i) = i.toByte)
+    (0 to 5).foreach(i => array('A' + i) = (i + 10).toByte)
+    (0 to 5).foreach(i => array('a' + i) = (i + 10).toByte)
+    array
+  }
+
+  private def unhex(inputBytes: Array[Byte]): Array[Byte] = {
+    var bytes = inputBytes
+    if ((bytes.length & 0x01) != 0) {
+      bytes = '0'.toByte +: bytes
+    }
+    val out = new Array[Byte](bytes.length >> 1)
+    // two characters form the hex value.
+    var i = 0
+    while (i < bytes.length) {
+        val first = unhexDigits(bytes(i))
+        val second = unhexDigits(bytes(i + 1))
+        if (first == -1 || second == -1) { return null}
+        out(i / 2) = (((first << 4) | second) & 0xFF).toByte
+        i += 2
+    }
+    out
+  }
+}
+
 case class Hypot(left: Expression, right: Expression)
   extends BinaryMathExpression(math.hypot, "HYPOT")
 

sql/catalyst/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/catalyst/expressions/MathFunctionsSuite.scala

@@ -238,6 +238,12 @@ class MathFunctionsSuite extends SparkFunSuite with ExpressionEvalHelper {
     // scalastyle:on
   }
 
+  test("unhex") {
+    checkEvaluation(UnHex(Literal("737472696E67")), "string".getBytes)
+    checkEvaluation(UnHex(Literal("")), new Array[Byte](0))
+    checkEvaluation(UnHex(Literal("0")), Array[Byte](0))
+  }
+
   test("hypot") {
     testBinary(Hypot, math.hypot)
   }

sql/core/src/main/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/functions.scala

@@ -1053,6 +1053,24 @@ object functions {
    */
   def hex(colName: String): Column = hex(Column(colName))
 
+  /**
+   * Inverse of hex. Interprets each pair of characters as a hexadecimal number
+   * and converts to the byte representation of number.
+   *
+   * @group math_funcs
+   * @since 1.5.0
+   */
+  def unhex(column: Column): Column = UnHex(column.expr)
+
+  /**
+   * Inverse of hex. Interprets each pair of characters as a hexadecimal number
+   * and converts to the byte representation of number.
+   *
+   * @group math_funcs
+   * @since 1.5.0
+   */
+  def unhex(colName: String): Column = unhex(Column(colName))
+
   /**
    * Computes `sqrt(a^2^ + b^2^)` without intermediate overflow or underflow.
    *

sql/core/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/MathExpressionsSuite.scala

@@ -225,6 +225,16 @@ class MathExpressionsSuite extends QueryTest {
     checkAnswer(data.selectExpr("hex(cast(d as binary))"), Seq(Row("68656C6C6F")))
   }
 
+  test("unhex") {
+    val data = Seq(("1C", "737472696E67")).toDF("a", "b")
+    checkAnswer(data.select(unhex('a)), Row(Array[Byte](28.toByte)))
+    checkAnswer(data.select(unhex('b)), Row("string".getBytes))
+    checkAnswer(data.selectExpr("unhex(a)"), Row(Array[Byte](28.toByte)))
+    checkAnswer(data.selectExpr("unhex(b)"), Row("string".getBytes))
+    checkAnswer(data.selectExpr("""unhex("##")"""), Row(null))
+    checkAnswer(data.selectExpr("""unhex("G123")"""), Row(null))
+  }
+
   test("hypot") {
     testTwoToOneMathFunction(hypot, hypot, math.hypot)
   }

sql/hive/compatibility/src/test/scala/org/apache/spark/sql/hive/execution/HiveCompatibilitySuite.scala

@@ -949,6 +949,7 @@ class HiveCompatibilitySuite extends HiveQueryFileTest with BeforeAndAfter {
     "udf_trim",
     "udf_ucase",
     "udf_unix_timestamp",
+    "udf_unhex",
     "udf_upper",
     "udf_var_pop",
     "udf_var_samp",