fix: allow subquery in ad-hoc SQL (WIP) (#19242)

* allow adhoc subquery

* add config for allow ad hoc subquery

* default to true allow adhoc subquery

* fix test

* Update superset/errors.py

Co-authored-by: Beto Dealmeida <roberto@dealmeida.net>

* Update superset/connectors/sqla/utils.py

Co-authored-by: David Aaron Suddjian <1858430+suddjian@users.noreply.github.com>

* rename and add doc string

* fix for big query test

* Update superset/connectors/sqla/utils.py

Co-authored-by: Beto Dealmeida <roberto@dealmeida.net>

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Beto Dealmeida <roberto@dealmeida.net>

* add test

* update validate adhoc subquery

Co-authored-by: Beto Dealmeida <roberto@dealmeida.net>
Co-authored-by: David Aaron Suddjian <1858430+suddjian@users.noreply.github.com>

superset/config.py

@@ -443,6 +443,7 @@ def _try_json_readsha(filepath: str, length: int) -> Optional[str]:
     "ALLOW_FULL_CSV_EXPORT": False,
     "UX_BETA": False,
     "GENERIC_CHART_AXES": False,
+    "ALLOW_ADHOC_SUBQUERY": False,
 }
 
 # Feature flags may also be set via 'SUPERSET_FEATURE_' prefixed environment vars.

superset/connectors/sqla/models.py

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@
 from superset.connectors.sqla.utils import (
     get_physical_table_metadata,
     get_virtual_table_metadata,
+    validate_adhoc_subquery,
 )
 from superset.datasets.models import Dataset as NewDataset
 from superset.db_engine_specs.base import BaseEngineSpec, CTE_ALIAS, TimestampExpression
@@ -885,6 +886,7 @@ def adhoc_metric_to_sqla(
         elif expression_type == utils.AdhocMetricExpressionType.SQL:
             tp = self.get_template_processor()
             expression = tp.process_template(cast(str, metric["sqlExpression"]))
+            validate_adhoc_subquery(expression)
             sqla_metric = literal_column(expression)
         else:
             raise QueryObjectValidationError("Adhoc metric expressionType is invalid")
@@ -908,6 +910,8 @@ def adhoc_column_to_sqla(
         expression = col["sqlExpression"]
         if template_processor and expression:
             expression = template_processor.process_template(expression)
+        if expression:
+            validate_adhoc_subquery(expression)
         sqla_metric = literal_column(expression)
         return self.make_sqla_column_compatible(sqla_metric, label)
 
@@ -1166,6 +1170,7 @@ def get_sqla_query(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments,too-many-locals,too-ma
                     elif selected in columns_by_name:
                         outer = columns_by_name[selected].get_sqla_col()
                     else:
+                        validate_adhoc_subquery(selected)
                         outer = literal_column(f"({selected})")
                         outer = self.make_sqla_column_compatible(outer, selected)
                 else:
@@ -1178,6 +1183,7 @@ def get_sqla_query(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments,too-many-locals,too-ma
                 select_exprs.append(outer)
         elif columns:
             for selected in columns:
+                validate_adhoc_subquery(selected)
                 select_exprs.append(
                     columns_by_name[selected].get_sqla_col()
                     if selected in columns_by_name
@@ -1389,6 +1395,7 @@ def get_sqla_query(  # pylint: disable=too-many-arguments,too-many-locals,too-ma
                 and db_engine_spec.allows_hidden_cc_in_orderby
                 and col.name in [select_col.name for select_col in select_exprs]
             ):
+                validate_adhoc_subquery(str(col.expression))
                 col = literal_column(col.name)
             direction = asc if ascending else desc
             qry = qry.order_by(direction(col))

superset/connectors/sqla/utils.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 from contextlib import closing
 from typing import Dict, List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING
 
+import sqlparse
 from flask_babel import lazy_gettext as _
 from sqlalchemy.exc import NoSuchTableError
 from sqlalchemy.sql.type_api import TypeEngine
@@ -28,7 +29,7 @@
 )
 from superset.models.core import Database
 from superset.result_set import SupersetResultSet
-from superset.sql_parse import ParsedQuery
+from superset.sql_parse import has_table_query, ParsedQuery
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from superset.connectors.sqla.models import SqlaTable
@@ -119,3 +120,28 @@ def get_virtual_table_metadata(dataset: "SqlaTable") -> List[Dict[str, str]]:
     except Exception as ex:
         raise SupersetGenericDBErrorException(message=str(ex)) from ex
     return cols
+
+
+def validate_adhoc_subquery(raw_sql: str) -> None:
+    """
+    Check if adhoc SQL contains sub-queries or nested sub-queries with table
+    :param raw_sql: adhoc sql expression
+    :raise SupersetSecurityException if sql contains sub-queries or
+    nested sub-queries with table
+    """
+    # pylint: disable=import-outside-toplevel
+    from superset import is_feature_enabled
+
+    if is_feature_enabled("ALLOW_ADHOC_SUBQUERY"):
+        return
+
+    for statement in sqlparse.parse(raw_sql):
+        if has_table_query(statement):
+            raise SupersetSecurityException(
+                SupersetError(
+                    error_type=SupersetErrorType.ADHOC_SUBQUERY_NOT_ALLOWED_ERROR,
+                    message=_("Custom SQL fields cannot contain sub-queries."),
+                    level=ErrorLevel.ERROR,
+                )
+            )
+    return

superset/errors.py

@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ class SupersetErrorType(str, Enum):
     SQLLAB_TIMEOUT_ERROR = "SQLLAB_TIMEOUT_ERROR"
     RESULTS_BACKEND_ERROR = "RESULTS_BACKEND_ERROR"
     ASYNC_WORKERS_ERROR = "ASYNC_WORKERS_ERROR"
+    ADHOC_SUBQUERY_NOT_ALLOWED_ERROR = "ADHOC_SUBQUERY_NOT_ALLOWED_ERROR"
 
     # Generic errors
     GENERIC_COMMAND_ERROR = "GENERIC_COMMAND_ERROR"
@@ -138,10 +139,12 @@ class SupersetErrorType(str, Enum):
     1034: _("The port number is invalid."),
     1035: _("Failed to start remote query on a worker."),
     1036: _("The database was deleted."),
+    1037: _("Custom SQL fields cannot contain sub-queries."),
 }
 
 
 ERROR_TYPES_TO_ISSUE_CODES_MAPPING = {
+    SupersetErrorType.ADHOC_SUBQUERY_NOT_ALLOWED_ERROR: [1037],
     SupersetErrorType.BACKEND_TIMEOUT_ERROR: [1000, 1001],
     SupersetErrorType.GENERIC_DB_ENGINE_ERROR: [1002],
     SupersetErrorType.COLUMN_DOES_NOT_EXIST_ERROR: [1003, 1004],

tests/integration_tests/sqla_models_tests.py

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 from superset.constants import EMPTY_STRING, NULL_STRING
 from superset.db_engine_specs.bigquery import BigQueryEngineSpec
 from superset.db_engine_specs.druid import DruidEngineSpec
-from superset.exceptions import QueryObjectValidationError
+from superset.exceptions import QueryObjectValidationError, SupersetSecurityException
 from superset.models.core import Database
 from superset.utils.core import (
     AdhocMetricExpressionType,
@@ -239,6 +239,35 @@ def test_jinja_metrics_and_calc_columns(self, flask_g):
         db.session.delete(table)
         db.session.commit()
 
+    def test_adhoc_metrics_and_calc_columns(self):
+        base_query_obj = {
+            "granularity": None,
+            "from_dttm": None,
+            "to_dttm": None,
+            "groupby": ["user", "expr"],
+            "metrics": [
+                {
+                    "expressionType": AdhocMetricExpressionType.SQL,
+                    "sqlExpression": "(SELECT (SELECT * from birth_names) "
+                    "from test_validate_adhoc_sql)",
+                    "label": "adhoc_metrics",
+                }
+            ],
+            "is_timeseries": False,
+            "filter": [],
+        }
+
+        table = SqlaTable(
+            table_name="test_validate_adhoc_sql", database=get_example_database()
+        )
+        db.session.commit()
+
+        with pytest.raises(SupersetSecurityException):
+            table.get_sqla_query(**base_query_obj)
+        # Cleanup
+        db.session.delete(table)
+        db.session.commit()
+
     @pytest.mark.usefixtures("load_birth_names_dashboard_with_slices")
     def test_where_operators(self):
         filters: Tuple[FilterTestCase, ...] = (

tests/unit_tests/sql_parse_tests.py

@@ -1208,6 +1208,8 @@ def test_sqlparse_issue_652():
         ("SELECT * FROM (SELECT 1 AS foo, 2 AS bar) ORDER BY foo ASC, bar", False),
         ("SELECT * FROM other_table", True),
         ("extract(HOUR from from_unixtime(hour_ts)", False),
+        ("(SELECT * FROM table)", True),
+        ("(SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT name) from birth_names)", True),
     ],
 )
 def test_has_table_query(sql: str, expected: bool) -> None: