markdown.c

/* markdown.c - generic markdown parser */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2009, Natacha Porté
 * Copyright (c) 2011, Vicent Marti
 *
 * Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
 * purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
 * copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
 * WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
 * MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
 * ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
 * WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
 * ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
 * OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 */

#include "markdown.h"
#include "stack.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#if defined(_WIN32)
#define strncasecmp	_strnicmp
#endif

#define REF_TABLE_SIZE 8

#define BUFFER_BLOCK 0
#define BUFFER_SPAN 1

#define MKD_LI_END 8	/* internal list flag */

#define gperf_case_strncmp(s1, s2, n) strncasecmp(s1, s2, n)
#define GPERF_DOWNCASE 1
#define GPERF_CASE_STRNCMP 1
#include "html_blocks.h"

/***************
 * LOCAL TYPES *
 ***************/

/* link_ref: reference to a link */
struct link_ref {
	unsigned int id;

	struct buf *link;
	struct buf *title;

	struct link_ref *next;
};

/* char_trigger: function pointer to render active chars */
/*   returns the number of chars taken care of */
/*   data is the pointer of the beginning of the span */
/*   offset is the number of valid chars before data */
struct sd_markdown;
typedef size_t
(*char_trigger)(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);

static size_t char_emphasis(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_linebreak(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_codespan(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_escape(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_entity(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_langle_tag(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_autolink_url(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_autolink_email(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_autolink_www(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_link(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);
static size_t char_superscript(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size);

enum markdown_char_t {
	MD_CHAR_NONE = 0,
	MD_CHAR_EMPHASIS,
	MD_CHAR_CODESPAN,
	MD_CHAR_LINEBREAK,
	MD_CHAR_LINK,
	MD_CHAR_LANGLE,
	MD_CHAR_ESCAPE,
	MD_CHAR_ENTITITY,
	MD_CHAR_AUTOLINK_URL,
	MD_CHAR_AUTOLINK_EMAIL,
	MD_CHAR_AUTOLINK_WWW,
	MD_CHAR_SUPERSCRIPT,
};

static char_trigger markdown_char_ptrs[] = {
	NULL,
	&char_emphasis,
	&char_codespan,
	&char_linebreak,
	&char_link,
	&char_langle_tag,
	&char_escape,
	&char_entity,
	&char_autolink_url,
	&char_autolink_email,
	&char_autolink_www,
	&char_superscript,
};

/* render • structure containing one particular render */
struct sd_markdown {
	struct sd_callbacks	cb;
	void *opaque;

	struct link_ref *refs[REF_TABLE_SIZE];
	uint8_t active_char[256];
	struct stack work_bufs[2];
	unsigned int ext_flags;
	size_t max_nesting;
	int in_link_body;
};

/***************************
 * HELPER FUNCTIONS *
 ***************************/

static inline struct buf *
rndr_newbuf(struct sd_markdown *rndr, int type)
{
	static const size_t buf_size[2] = {256, 64};
	struct buf *work = NULL;
	struct stack *pool = &rndr->work_bufs[type];

	if (pool->size < pool->asize &&
		pool->item[pool->size] != NULL) {
		work = pool->item[pool->size++];
		work->size = 0;
	} else {
		work = bufnew(buf_size[type]);
		stack_push(pool, work);
	}

	return work;
}

static inline void
rndr_popbuf(struct sd_markdown *rndr, int type)
{
	rndr->work_bufs[type].size--;
}

static void
unscape_text(struct buf *ob, struct buf *src)
{
	size_t i = 0, org;
	while (i < src->size) {
		org = i;
		while (i < src->size && src->data[i] != '\\')
			i++;

		if (i > org)
			bufput(ob, src->data + org, i - org);

		if (i + 1 >= src->size)
			break;

		bufputc(ob, src->data[i + 1]);
		i += 2;
	}
}

static unsigned int
hash_link_ref(const uint8_t *link_ref, size_t length)
{
	size_t i;
	unsigned int hash = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < length; ++i)
		hash = tolower(link_ref[i]) + (hash << 6) + (hash << 16) - hash;

	return hash;
}

static struct link_ref *
add_link_ref(
	struct link_ref **references,
	const uint8_t *name, size_t name_size)
{
	struct link_ref *ref = calloc(1, sizeof(struct link_ref));

	if (!ref)
		return NULL;

	ref->id = hash_link_ref(name, name_size);
	ref->next = references[ref->id % REF_TABLE_SIZE];

	references[ref->id % REF_TABLE_SIZE] = ref;
	return ref;
}

static struct link_ref *
find_link_ref(struct link_ref **references, uint8_t *name, size_t length)
{
	unsigned int hash = hash_link_ref(name, length);
	struct link_ref *ref = NULL;

	ref = references[hash % REF_TABLE_SIZE];

	while (ref != NULL) {
		if (ref->id == hash)
			return ref;

		ref = ref->next;
	}

	return NULL;
}

static void
free_link_refs(struct link_ref **references)
{
	size_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < REF_TABLE_SIZE; ++i) {
		struct link_ref *r = references[i];
		struct link_ref *next;

		while (r) {
			next = r->next;
			bufrelease(r->link);
			bufrelease(r->title);
			free(r);
			r = next;
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Check whether a char is a Markdown space.

 * Right now we only consider spaces the actual
 * space and a newline: tabs and carriage returns
 * are filtered out during the preprocessing phase.
 *
 * If we wanted to actually be UTF-8 compliant, we
 * should instead extract an Unicode codepoint from
 * this character and check for space properties.
 */
static inline int
_isspace(int c)
{
	return c == ' ' || c == '\n';
}

/****************************
 * INLINE PARSING FUNCTIONS *
 ****************************/

/* is_mail_autolink • looks for the address part of a mail autolink and '>' */
/* this is less strict than the original markdown e-mail address matching */
static size_t
is_mail_autolink(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0, nb = 0;

	/* address is assumed to be: [-@._a-zA-Z0-9]+ with exactly one '@' */
	for (i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
		if (isalnum(data[i]))
			continue;

		switch (data[i]) {
			case '@':
				nb++;

			case '-':
			case '.':
			case '_':
				break;

			case '>':
				return (nb == 1) ? i + 1 : 0;

			default:
				return 0;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

/* tag_length • returns the length of the given tag, or 0 is it's not valid */
static size_t
tag_length(uint8_t *data, size_t size, enum mkd_autolink *autolink)
{
	size_t i, j;

	/* a valid tag can't be shorter than 3 chars */
	if (size < 3) return 0;

	/* begins with a '<' optionally followed by '/', followed by letter or number */
	if (data[0] != '<') return 0;
	i = (data[1] == '/') ? 2 : 1;

	if (!isalnum(data[i]))
		return 0;

	/* scheme test */
	*autolink = MKDA_NOT_AUTOLINK;

	/* try to find the beginning of an URI */
	while (i < size && (isalnum(data[i]) || data[i] == '.' || data[i] == '+' || data[i] == '-'))
		i++;

	if (i > 1 && data[i] == '@') {
		if ((j = is_mail_autolink(data + i, size - i)) != 0) {
			*autolink = MKDA_EMAIL;
			return i + j;
		}
	}

	if (i > 2 && data[i] == ':') {
		*autolink = MKDA_NORMAL;
		i++;
	}

	/* completing autolink test: no whitespace or ' or " */
	if (i >= size)
		*autolink = MKDA_NOT_AUTOLINK;

	else if (*autolink) {
		j = i;

		while (i < size) {
			if (data[i] == '\\') i += 2;
			else if (data[i] == '>' || data[i] == '\'' ||
					data[i] == '"' || data[i] == ' ' || data[i] == '\n')
					break;
			else i++;
		}

		if (i >= size) return 0;
		if (i > j && data[i] == '>') return i + 1;
		/* one of the forbidden chars has been found */
		*autolink = MKDA_NOT_AUTOLINK;
	}

	/* looking for sometinhg looking like a tag end */
	while (i < size && data[i] != '>') i++;
	if (i >= size) return 0;
	return i + 1;
}

/* parse_inline • parses inline markdown elements */
static void
parse_inline(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0, end = 0;
	uint8_t action = 0;
	struct buf work = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };

	if (rndr->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN].size +
		rndr->work_bufs[BUFFER_BLOCK].size > rndr->max_nesting)
		return;

	while (i < size) {
		/* copying inactive chars into the output */
		while (end < size && (action = rndr->active_char[data[end]]) == 0) {
			end++;
		}

		if (rndr->cb.normal_text) {
			work.data = data + i;
			work.size = end - i;
			rndr->cb.normal_text(ob, &work, rndr->opaque);
		}
		else
			bufput(ob, data + i, end - i);

		if (end >= size) break;
		i = end;

		end = markdown_char_ptrs[(int)action](ob, rndr, data + i, i, size - i);
		if (!end) /* no action from the callback */
			end = i + 1;
		else {
			i += end;
			end = i;
		}
	}
}

/* find_emph_char • looks for the next emph uint8_t, skipping other constructs */
static size_t
find_emph_char(uint8_t *data, size_t size, uint8_t c)
{
	size_t i = 1;

	while (i < size) {
		while (i < size && data[i] != c && data[i] != '`' && data[i] != '[')
			i++;

		if (i == size)
			return 0;

		if (data[i] == c)
			return i;

		/* not counting escaped chars */
		if (i && data[i - 1] == '\\') {
			i++; continue;
		}

		if (data[i] == '`') {
			size_t span_nb = 0, bt;
			size_t tmp_i = 0;

			/* counting the number of opening backticks */
			while (i < size && data[i] == '`') {
				i++; span_nb++;
			}

			if (i >= size) return 0;

			/* finding the matching closing sequence */
			bt = 0;
			while (i < size && bt < span_nb) {
				if (!tmp_i && data[i] == c) tmp_i = i;
				if (data[i] == '`') bt++;
				else bt = 0;
				i++;
			}

			if (i >= size) return tmp_i;
		}
		/* skipping a link */
		else if (data[i] == '[') {
			size_t tmp_i = 0;
			uint8_t cc;

			i++;
			while (i < size && data[i] != ']') {
				if (!tmp_i && data[i] == c) tmp_i = i;
				i++;
			}

			i++;
			while (i < size && (data[i] == ' ' || data[i] == '\n'))
				i++;

			if (i >= size)
				return tmp_i;

			switch (data[i]) {
			case '[':
				cc = ']'; break;

			case '(':
				cc = ')'; break;

			default:
				if (tmp_i)
					return tmp_i;
				else
					continue;
			}

			i++;
			while (i < size && data[i] != cc) {
				if (!tmp_i && data[i] == c) tmp_i = i;
				i++;
			}

			if (i >= size)
				return tmp_i;

			i++;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

/* parse_emph1 • parsing single emphase */
/* closed by a symbol not preceded by whitespace and not followed by symbol */
static size_t
parse_emph1(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size, uint8_t c)
{
	size_t i = 0, len;
	struct buf *work = 0;
	int r;

	if (!rndr->cb.emphasis) return 0;

	/* skipping one symbol if coming from emph3 */
	if (size > 1 && data[0] == c && data[1] == c) i = 1;

	while (i < size) {
		len = find_emph_char(data + i, size - i, c);
		if (!len) return 0;
		i += len;
		if (i >= size) return 0;

		if (data[i] == c && !_isspace(data[i - 1])) {

			if (rndr->ext_flags & MKDEXT_NO_INTRA_EMPHASIS) {
				if (!(i + 1 == size || _isspace(data[i + 1]) || ispunct(data[i + 1])))
					continue;
			}

			work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			parse_inline(work, rndr, data, i);
			r = rndr->cb.emphasis(ob, work, rndr->opaque);
			rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			return r ? i + 1 : 0;
		}
	}

	return 0;
}

/* parse_emph2 • parsing single emphase */
static size_t
parse_emph2(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size, uint8_t c)
{
	int (*render_method)(struct buf *ob, const struct buf *text, void *opaque);
	size_t i = 0, len;
	struct buf *work = 0;
	int r;

	render_method = (c == '~') ? rndr->cb.strikethrough : rndr->cb.double_emphasis;

	if (!render_method)
		return 0;

	while (i < size) {
		len = find_emph_char(data + i, size - i, c);
		if (!len) return 0;
		i += len;

		if (i + 1 < size && data[i] == c && data[i + 1] == c && i && !_isspace(data[i - 1])) {
			work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			parse_inline(work, rndr, data, i);
			r = render_method(ob, work, rndr->opaque);
			rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			return r ? i + 2 : 0;
		}
		i++;
	}
	return 0;
}

/* parse_emph3 • parsing single emphase */
/* finds the first closing tag, and delegates to the other emph */
static size_t
parse_emph3(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size, uint8_t c)
{
	size_t i = 0, len;
	int r;

	while (i < size) {
		len = find_emph_char(data + i, size - i, c);
		if (!len) return 0;
		i += len;

		/* skip whitespace preceded symbols */
		if (data[i] != c || _isspace(data[i - 1]))
			continue;

		if (i + 2 < size && data[i + 1] == c && data[i + 2] == c && rndr->cb.triple_emphasis) {
			/* triple symbol found */
			struct buf *work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

			parse_inline(work, rndr, data, i);
			r = rndr->cb.triple_emphasis(ob, work, rndr->opaque);
			rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			return r ? i + 3 : 0;

		} else if (i + 1 < size && data[i + 1] == c) {
			/* double symbol found, handing over to emph1 */
			len = parse_emph1(ob, rndr, data - 2, size + 2, c);
			if (!len) return 0;
			else return len - 2;

		} else {
			/* single symbol found, handing over to emph2 */
			len = parse_emph2(ob, rndr, data - 1, size + 1, c);
			if (!len) return 0;
			else return len - 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

/* char_emphasis • single and double emphasis parsing */
static size_t
char_emphasis(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	uint8_t c = data[0];
	size_t ret;

	if (size > 2 && data[1] != c) {
		/* whitespace cannot follow an opening emphasis;
		 * strikethrough only takes two characters '~~' */
		if (c == '~' || _isspace(data[1]) || (ret = parse_emph1(ob, rndr, data + 1, size - 1, c)) == 0)
			return 0;

		return ret + 1;
	}

	if (size > 3 && data[1] == c && data[2] != c) {
		if (_isspace(data[2]) || (ret = parse_emph2(ob, rndr, data + 2, size - 2, c)) == 0)
			return 0;

		return ret + 2;
	}

	if (size > 4 && data[1] == c && data[2] == c && data[3] != c) {
		if (c == '~' || _isspace(data[3]) || (ret = parse_emph3(ob, rndr, data + 3, size - 3, c)) == 0)
			return 0;

		return ret + 3;
	}

	return 0;
}


/* char_linebreak • '\n' preceded by two spaces (assuming linebreak != 0) */
static size_t
char_linebreak(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	if (offset < 2 || data[-1] != ' ' || data[-2] != ' ')
		return 0;

	/* removing the last space from ob and rendering */
	while (ob->size && ob->data[ob->size - 1] == ' ')
		ob->size--;

	return rndr->cb.linebreak(ob, rndr->opaque) ? 1 : 0;
}


/* char_codespan • '`' parsing a code span (assuming codespan != 0) */
static size_t
char_codespan(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	size_t end, nb = 0, i, f_begin, f_end;

	/* counting the number of backticks in the delimiter */
	while (nb < size && data[nb] == '`')
		nb++;

	/* finding the next delimiter */
	i = 0;
	for (end = nb; end < size && i < nb; end++) {
		if (data[end] == '`') i++;
		else i = 0;
	}

	if (i < nb && end >= size)
		return 0; /* no matching delimiter */

	/* trimming outside whitespaces */
	f_begin = nb;
	while (f_begin < end && data[f_begin] == ' ')
		f_begin++;

	f_end = end - nb;
	while (f_end > nb && data[f_end-1] == ' ')
		f_end--;

	/* real code span */
	if (f_begin < f_end) {
		struct buf work = { data + f_begin, f_end - f_begin, 0, 0 };
		if (!rndr->cb.codespan(ob, &work, rndr->opaque))
			end = 0;
	} else {
		if (!rndr->cb.codespan(ob, 0, rndr->opaque))
			end = 0;
	}

	return end;
}


/* char_escape • '\\' backslash escape */
static size_t
char_escape(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	static const char *escape_chars = "\\`*_{}[]()#+-.!:|&<>^~";
	struct buf work = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };

	if (size > 1) {
		if (strchr(escape_chars, data[1]) == NULL)
			return 0;

		if (rndr->cb.normal_text) {
			work.data = data + 1;
			work.size = 1;
			rndr->cb.normal_text(ob, &work, rndr->opaque);
		}
		else bufputc(ob, data[1]);
	} else if (size == 1) {
		bufputc(ob, data[0]);
	}

	return 2;
}

/* char_entity • '&' escaped when it doesn't belong to an entity */
/* valid entities are assumed to be anything matching &#?[A-Za-z0-9]+; */
static size_t
char_entity(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	size_t end = 1;
	struct buf work = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };

	if (end < size && data[end] == '#')
		end++;

	while (end < size && isalnum(data[end]))
		end++;

	if (end < size && data[end] == ';')
		end++; /* real entity */
	else
		return 0; /* lone '&' */

	if (rndr->cb.entity) {
		work.data = data;
		work.size = end;
		rndr->cb.entity(ob, &work, rndr->opaque);
	}
	else bufput(ob, data, end);

	return end;
}

/* char_langle_tag • '<' when tags or autolinks are allowed */
static size_t
char_langle_tag(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	enum mkd_autolink altype = MKDA_NOT_AUTOLINK;
	size_t end = tag_length(data, size, &altype);
	struct buf work = { data, end, 0, 0 };
	int ret = 0;

	if (end > 2) {
		if (rndr->cb.autolink && altype != MKDA_NOT_AUTOLINK) {
			struct buf *u_link = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			work.data = data + 1;
			work.size = end - 2;
			unscape_text(u_link, &work);
			ret = rndr->cb.autolink(ob, u_link, altype, rndr->opaque);
			rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
		}
		else if (rndr->cb.raw_html_tag)
			ret = rndr->cb.raw_html_tag(ob, &work, rndr->opaque);
	}

	if (!ret) return 0;
	else return end;
}

static size_t
char_autolink_www(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	struct buf *link, *link_url, *link_text;
	size_t link_len, rewind;

	if (!rndr->cb.link || rndr->in_link_body)
		return 0;

	link = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

	if ((link_len = sd_autolink__www(&rewind, link, data, offset, size)) > 0) {
		link_url = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
		BUFPUTSL(link_url, "http://");
		bufput(link_url, link->data, link->size);

		ob->size -= rewind;
		if (rndr->cb.normal_text) {
			link_text = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			rndr->cb.normal_text(link_text, link, rndr->opaque);
			rndr->cb.link(ob, link_url, NULL, link_text, rndr->opaque);
			rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
		} else {
			rndr->cb.link(ob, link_url, NULL, link, rndr->opaque);
		}
		rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	}

	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	return link_len;
}

static size_t
char_autolink_email(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	struct buf *link;
	size_t link_len, rewind;

	if (!rndr->cb.autolink || rndr->in_link_body)
		return 0;

	link = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

	if ((link_len = sd_autolink__email(&rewind, link, data, offset, size)) > 0) {
		ob->size -= rewind;
		rndr->cb.autolink(ob, link, MKDA_EMAIL, rndr->opaque);
	}

	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	return link_len;
}

static size_t
char_autolink_url(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	struct buf *link;
	size_t link_len, rewind;

	if (!rndr->cb.autolink || rndr->in_link_body)
		return 0;

	link = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

	if ((link_len = sd_autolink__url(&rewind, link, data, offset, size)) > 0) {
		ob->size -= rewind;
		rndr->cb.autolink(ob, link, MKDA_NORMAL, rndr->opaque);
	}

	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	return link_len;
}

/* char_link • '[': parsing a link or an image */
static size_t
char_link(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	int is_img = (offset && data[-1] == '!'), level;
	size_t i = 1, txt_e, link_b = 0, link_e = 0, title_b = 0, title_e = 0;
	struct buf *content = 0;
	struct buf *link = 0;
	struct buf *title = 0;
	struct buf *u_link = 0;
	size_t org_work_size = rndr->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN].size;
	int text_has_nl = 0, ret = 0;
	int in_title = 0, qtype = 0;

	/* checking whether the correct renderer exists */
	if ((is_img && !rndr->cb.image) || (!is_img && !rndr->cb.link))
		goto cleanup;

	/* looking for the matching closing bracket */
	for (level = 1; i < size; i++) {
		if (data[i] == '\n')
			text_has_nl = 1;

		else if (data[i - 1] == '\\')
			continue;

		else if (data[i] == '[')
			level++;

		else if (data[i] == ']') {
			level--;
			if (level <= 0)
				break;
		}
	}

	if (i >= size)
		goto cleanup;

	txt_e = i;
	i++;

	/* skip any amount of whitespace or newline */
	/* (this is much more laxist than original markdown syntax) */
	while (i < size && _isspace(data[i]))
		i++;

	/* inline style link */
	if (i < size && data[i] == '(') {
		/* skipping initial whitespace */
		i++;

		while (i < size && _isspace(data[i]))
			i++;

		link_b = i;

		/* looking for link end: ' " ) */
		while (i < size) {
			if (data[i] == '\\') i += 2;
			else if (data[i] == ')') break;
			else if (i >= 1 && _isspace(data[i-1]) && (data[i] == '\'' || data[i] == '"')) break;
			else i++;
		}

		if (i >= size) goto cleanup;
		link_e = i;

		/* looking for title end if present */
		if (data[i] == '\'' || data[i] == '"') {
			qtype = data[i];
			in_title = 1;
			i++;
			title_b = i;

			while (i < size) {
				if (data[i] == '\\') i += 2;
				else if (data[i] == qtype) {in_title = 0; i++;}
				else if ((data[i] == ')') && !in_title) break;
				else i++;
			}

			if (i >= size) goto cleanup;

			/* skipping whitespaces after title */
			title_e = i - 1;
			while (title_e > title_b && _isspace(data[title_e]))
				title_e--;

			/* checking for closing quote presence */
			if (data[title_e] != '\'' &&  data[title_e] != '"') {
				title_b = title_e = 0;
				link_e = i;
			}
		}

		/* remove whitespace at the end of the link */
		while (link_e > link_b && _isspace(data[link_e - 1]))
			link_e--;

		/* remove optional angle brackets around the link */
		if (data[link_b] == '<') link_b++;
		if (data[link_e - 1] == '>') link_e--;

		/* building escaped link and title */
		if (link_e > link_b) {
			link = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			bufput(link, data + link_b, link_e - link_b);
		}

		if (title_e > title_b) {
			title = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			bufput(title, data + title_b, title_e - title_b);
		}

		i++;
	}

	/* reference style link */
	else if (i < size && data[i] == '[') {
		struct buf id = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
		struct link_ref *lr;

		/* looking for the id */
		i++;
		link_b = i;
		while (i < size && data[i] != ']') i++;
		if (i >= size) goto cleanup;
		link_e = i;

		/* finding the link_ref */
		if (link_b == link_e) {
			if (text_has_nl) {
				struct buf *b = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
				size_t j;

				for (j = 1; j < txt_e; j++) {
					if (data[j] != '\n')
						bufputc(b, data[j]);
					else if (data[j - 1] != ' ')
						bufputc(b, ' ');
				}

				id.data = b->data;
				id.size = b->size;
			} else {
				id.data = data + 1;
				id.size = txt_e - 1;
			}
		} else {
			id.data = data + link_b;
			id.size = link_e - link_b;
		}

		lr = find_link_ref(rndr->refs, id.data, id.size);
		if (!lr)
			goto cleanup;

		/* keeping link and title from link_ref */
		link = lr->link;
		title = lr->title;
		i++;
	}

	/* shortcut reference style link */
	else {
		struct buf id = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
		struct link_ref *lr;

		/* crafting the id */
		if (text_has_nl) {
			struct buf *b = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
			size_t j;

			for (j = 1; j < txt_e; j++) {
				if (data[j] != '\n')
					bufputc(b, data[j]);
				else if (data[j - 1] != ' ')
					bufputc(b, ' ');
			}

			id.data = b->data;
			id.size = b->size;
		} else {
			id.data = data + 1;
			id.size = txt_e - 1;
		}

		/* finding the link_ref */
		lr = find_link_ref(rndr->refs, id.data, id.size);
		if (!lr)
			goto cleanup;

		/* keeping link and title from link_ref */
		link = lr->link;
		title = lr->title;

		/* rewinding the whitespace */
		i = txt_e + 1;
	}

	/* building content: img alt is escaped, link content is parsed */
	if (txt_e > 1) {
		content = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
		if (is_img) {
			bufput(content, data + 1, txt_e - 1);
		} else {
			/* disable autolinking when parsing inline the
			 * content of a link */
			rndr->in_link_body = 1;
			parse_inline(content, rndr, data + 1, txt_e - 1);
			rndr->in_link_body = 0;
		}
	}

	if (link) {
		u_link = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
		unscape_text(u_link, link);
	}

	/* calling the relevant rendering function */
	if (is_img) {
		if (ob->size && ob->data[ob->size - 1] == '!')
			ob->size -= 1;

		ret = rndr->cb.image(ob, u_link, title, content, rndr->opaque);
	} else {
		ret = rndr->cb.link(ob, u_link, title, content, rndr->opaque);
	}

	/* cleanup */
cleanup:
	rndr->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN].size = (int)org_work_size;
	return ret ? i : 0;
}

static size_t
char_superscript(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t offset, size_t size)
{
	size_t sup_start, sup_len;
	struct buf *sup;

	if (!rndr->cb.superscript)
		return 0;

	if (size < 2)
		return 0;

	if (data[1] == '(') {
		sup_start = sup_len = 2;

		while (sup_len < size && data[sup_len] != ')' && data[sup_len - 1] != '\\')
			sup_len++;

		if (sup_len == size)
			return 0;
	} else {
		sup_start = sup_len = 1;

		while (sup_len < size && !_isspace(data[sup_len]))
			sup_len++;
	}

	if (sup_len - sup_start == 0)
		return (sup_start == 2) ? 3 : 0;

	sup = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	parse_inline(sup, rndr, data + sup_start, sup_len - sup_start);
	rndr->cb.superscript(ob, sup, rndr->opaque);
	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

	return (sup_start == 2) ? sup_len + 1 : sup_len;
}

/*********************************
 * BLOCK-LEVEL PARSING FUNCTIONS *
 *********************************/

/* is_empty • returns the line length when it is empty, 0 otherwise */
static size_t
is_empty(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < size && data[i] != '\n'; i++)
		if (data[i] != ' ')
			return 0;

	return i + 1;
}

/* is_hrule • returns whether a line is a horizontal rule */
static int
is_hrule(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0, n = 0;
	uint8_t c;

	/* skipping initial spaces */
	if (size < 3) return 0;
	if (data[0] == ' ') { i++;
	if (data[1] == ' ') { i++;
	if (data[2] == ' ') { i++; } } }

	/* looking at the hrule uint8_t */
	if (i + 2 >= size
	|| (data[i] != '*' && data[i] != '-' && data[i] != '_'))
		return 0;
	c = data[i];

	/* the whole line must be the char or whitespace */
	while (i < size && data[i] != '\n') {
		if (data[i] == c) n++;
		else if (data[i] != ' ')
			return 0;

		i++;
	}

	return n >= 3;
}

/* check if a line begins with a code fence; return the
 * width of the code fence */
static size_t
prefix_codefence(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0, n = 0;
	uint8_t c;

	/* skipping initial spaces */
	if (size < 3) return 0;
	if (data[0] == ' ') { i++;
	if (data[1] == ' ') { i++;
	if (data[2] == ' ') { i++; } } }

	/* looking at the hrule uint8_t */
	if (i + 2 >= size || !(data[i] == '~' || data[i] == '`'))
		return 0;

	c = data[i];

	/* the whole line must be the uint8_t or whitespace */
	while (i < size && data[i] == c) {
		n++; i++;
	}

	if (n < 3)
		return 0;

	return i;
}

/* check if a line is a code fence; return its size if it is */
static size_t
is_codefence(uint8_t *data, size_t size, struct buf *syntax)
{
	size_t i = 0, syn = 0;

	i = prefix_codefence(data, size);
	if (i == 0)
		return 0;

	while (i < size && data[i] == ' ')
		i++;

	if (syntax)
		syntax->data = data + i;

	if (i < size && data[i] == '{') {
		i++; syntax->data++;

		while (i < size && data[i] != '}' && data[i] != '\n') {
			syn++; i++;
		}

		if (i == size || data[i] != '}')
			return 0;

		/* strip all whitespace at the beginning and the end
		 * of the {} block */
		while (syn > 0 && _isspace(syntax->data[0])) {
			syntax->data++; syn--;
		}

		while (syn > 0 && _isspace(syntax->data[syn - 1]))
			syn--;

		i++;
	} else {
		while (i < size && !_isspace(data[i])) {
			syn++; i++;
		}
	}

	if (syntax)
		syntax->size = syn;

	while (i < size && data[i] != '\n') {
		if (!_isspace(data[i]))
			return 0;

		i++;
	}

	return i + 1;
}

/* is_atxheader • returns whether the line is a hash-prefixed header */
static int
is_atxheader(struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	if (data[0] != '#')
		return 0;

	if (rndr->ext_flags & MKDEXT_SPACE_HEADERS) {
		size_t level = 0;

		while (level < size && level < 6 && data[level] == '#')
			level++;

		if (level < size && data[level] != ' ')
			return 0;
	}

	return 1;
}

/* is_headerline • returns whether the line is a setext-style hdr underline */
static int
is_headerline(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0;

	/* test of level 1 header */
	if (data[i] == '=') {
		for (i = 1; i < size && data[i] == '='; i++);
		while (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
		return (i >= size || data[i] == '\n') ? 1 : 0; }

	/* test of level 2 header */
	if (data[i] == '-') {
		for (i = 1; i < size && data[i] == '-'; i++);
		while (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
		return (i >= size || data[i] == '\n') ? 2 : 0; }

	return 0;
}

static int
is_next_headerline(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0;

	while (i < size && data[i] != '\n')
		i++;

	if (++i >= size)
		return 0;

	return is_headerline(data + i, size - i);
}

/* prefix_quote • returns blockquote prefix length */
static size_t
prefix_quote(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0;
	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;

	if (i < size && data[i] == '>') {
		if (i + 1 < size && data[i + 1] == ' ')
			return i + 2;

		return i + 1;
	}

	return 0;
}

/* prefix_code • returns prefix length for block code*/
static size_t
prefix_code(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	if (size > 3 && data[0] == ' ' && data[1] == ' '
		&& data[2] == ' ' && data[3] == ' ') return 4;

	return 0;
}

/* prefix_oli • returns ordered list item prefix */
static size_t
prefix_oli(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0;

	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;

	if (i >= size || data[i] < '0' || data[i] > '9')
		return 0;

	while (i < size && data[i] >= '0' && data[i] <= '9')
		i++;

	if (i + 1 >= size || data[i] != '.' || data[i + 1] != ' ')
		return 0;

	if (is_next_headerline(data + i, size - i))
		return 0;

	return i + 2;
}

/* prefix_uli • returns ordered list item prefix */
static size_t
prefix_uli(uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0;

	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < size && data[i] == ' ') i++;

	if (i + 1 >= size ||
		(data[i] != '*' && data[i] != '+' && data[i] != '-') ||
		data[i + 1] != ' ')
		return 0;

	if (is_next_headerline(data + i, size - i))
		return 0;

	return i + 2;
}


/* parse_block • parsing of one block, returning next uint8_t to parse */
static void parse_block(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr,
			uint8_t *data, size_t size);


/* parse_blockquote • handles parsing of a blockquote fragment */
static size_t
parse_blockquote(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t beg, end = 0, pre, work_size = 0;
	uint8_t *work_data = 0;
	struct buf *out = 0;

	out = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
	beg = 0;
	while (beg < size) {
		for (end = beg + 1; end < size && data[end - 1] != '\n'; end++);

		pre = prefix_quote(data + beg, end - beg);

		if (pre)
			beg += pre; /* skipping prefix */

		/* empty line followed by non-quote line */
		else if (is_empty(data + beg, end - beg) &&
				(end >= size || (prefix_quote(data + end, size - end) == 0 &&
				!is_empty(data + end, size - end))))
			break;

		if (beg < end) { /* copy into the in-place working buffer */
			/* bufput(work, data + beg, end - beg); */
			if (!work_data)
				work_data = data + beg;
			else if (data + beg != work_data + work_size)
				memmove(work_data + work_size, data + beg, end - beg);
			work_size += end - beg;
		}
		beg = end;
	}

	parse_block(out, rndr, work_data, work_size);
	if (rndr->cb.blockquote)
		rndr->cb.blockquote(ob, out, rndr->opaque);
	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
	return end;
}

static size_t
parse_htmlblock(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size, int do_render);

/* parse_blockquote • handles parsing of a regular paragraph */
static size_t
parse_paragraph(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t i = 0, end = 0;
	int level = 0;
	struct buf work = { data, 0, 0, 0 };

	while (i < size) {
		for (end = i + 1; end < size && data[end - 1] != '\n'; end++) /* empty */;

		if (is_empty(data + i, size - i))
			break;

		if ((level = is_headerline(data + i, size - i)) != 0)
			break;

		if (is_atxheader(rndr, data + i, size - i) ||
			is_hrule(data + i, size - i) ||
			prefix_quote(data + i, size - i)) {
			end = i;
			break;
		}

		/*
		 * Early termination of a paragraph with the same logic
		 * as Markdown 1.0.0. If this logic is applied, the
		 * Markdown 1.0.3 test suite won't pass cleanly
		 *
		 * :: If the first character in a new line is not a letter,
		 * let's check to see if there's some kind of block starting
		 * here
		 */
		if ((rndr->ext_flags & MKDEXT_LAX_SPACING) && !isalnum(data[i])) {
			if (prefix_oli(data + i, size - i) ||
				prefix_uli(data + i, size - i)) {
				end = i;
				break;
			}

			/* see if an html block starts here */
			if (data[i] == '<' && rndr->cb.blockhtml &&
				parse_htmlblock(ob, rndr, data + i, size - i, 0)) {
				end = i;
				break;
			}

			/* see if a code fence starts here */
			if ((rndr->ext_flags & MKDEXT_FENCED_CODE) != 0 &&
				is_codefence(data + i, size - i, NULL) != 0) {
				end = i;
				break;
			}
		}

		i = end;
	}

	work.size = i;
	while (work.size && data[work.size - 1] == '\n')
		work.size--;

	if (!level) {
		struct buf *tmp = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
		parse_inline(tmp, rndr, work.data, work.size);
		if (rndr->cb.paragraph)
			rndr->cb.paragraph(ob, tmp, rndr->opaque);
		rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
	} else {
		struct buf *header_work;

		if (work.size) {
			size_t beg;
			i = work.size;
			work.size -= 1;

			while (work.size && data[work.size] != '\n')
				work.size -= 1;

			beg = work.size + 1;
			while (work.size && data[work.size - 1] == '\n')
				work.size -= 1;

			if (work.size > 0) {
				struct buf *tmp = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
				parse_inline(tmp, rndr, work.data, work.size);

				if (rndr->cb.paragraph)
					rndr->cb.paragraph(ob, tmp, rndr->opaque);

				rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
				work.data += beg;
				work.size = i - beg;
			}
			else work.size = i;
		}

		header_work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
		parse_inline(header_work, rndr, work.data, work.size);

		if (rndr->cb.header)
			rndr->cb.header(ob, header_work, (int)level, rndr->opaque);

		rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	}

	return end;
}

/* parse_fencedcode • handles parsing of a block-level code fragment */
static size_t
parse_fencedcode(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t beg, end;
	struct buf *work = 0;
	struct buf lang = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };

	beg = is_codefence(data, size, &lang);
	if (beg == 0) return 0;

	work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);

	while (beg < size) {
		size_t fence_end;
		struct buf fence_trail = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };

		fence_end = is_codefence(data + beg, size - beg, &fence_trail);
		if (fence_end != 0 && fence_trail.size == 0) {
			beg += fence_end;
			break;
		}

		for (end = beg + 1; end < size && data[end - 1] != '\n'; end++);

		if (beg < end) {
			/* verbatim copy to the working buffer,
				escaping entities */
			if (is_empty(data + beg, end - beg))
				bufputc(work, '\n');
			else bufput(work, data + beg, end - beg);
		}
		beg = end;
	}

	if (work->size && work->data[work->size - 1] != '\n')
		bufputc(work, '\n');

	if (rndr->cb.blockcode)
		rndr->cb.blockcode(ob, work, lang.size ? &lang : NULL, rndr->opaque);

	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
	return beg;
}

static size_t
parse_blockcode(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t beg, end, pre;
	struct buf *work = 0;

	work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);

	beg = 0;
	while (beg < size) {
		for (end = beg + 1; end < size && data[end - 1] != '\n'; end++) {};
		pre = prefix_code(data + beg, end - beg);

		if (pre)
			beg += pre; /* skipping prefix */
		else if (!is_empty(data + beg, end - beg))
			/* non-empty non-prefixed line breaks the pre */
			break;

		if (beg < end) {
			/* verbatim copy to the working buffer,
				escaping entities */
			if (is_empty(data + beg, end - beg))
				bufputc(work, '\n');
			else bufput(work, data + beg, end - beg);
		}
		beg = end;
	}

	while (work->size && work->data[work->size - 1] == '\n')
		work->size -= 1;

	bufputc(work, '\n');

	if (rndr->cb.blockcode)
		rndr->cb.blockcode(ob, work, NULL, rndr->opaque);

	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
	return beg;
}

/* parse_listitem • parsing of a single list item */
/*	assuming initial prefix is already removed */
static size_t
parse_listitem(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size, int *flags)
{
	struct buf *work = 0, *inter = 0;
	size_t beg = 0, end, pre, sublist = 0, orgpre = 0, i;
	int in_empty = 0, has_inside_empty = 0, in_fence = 0;

	/* keeping track of the first indentation prefix */
	while (orgpre < 3 && orgpre < size && data[orgpre] == ' ')
		orgpre++;

	beg = prefix_uli(data, size);
	if (!beg)
		beg = prefix_oli(data, size);

	if (!beg)
		return 0;

	/* skipping to the beginning of the following line */
	end = beg;
	while (end < size && data[end - 1] != '\n')
		end++;

	/* getting working buffers */
	work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	inter = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

	/* putting the first line into the working buffer */
	bufput(work, data + beg, end - beg);
	beg = end;

	/* process the following lines */
	while (beg < size) {
		size_t has_next_uli = 0, has_next_oli = 0;

		end++;

		while (end < size && data[end - 1] != '\n')
			end++;

		/* process an empty line */
		if (is_empty(data + beg, end - beg)) {
			in_empty = 1;
			beg = end;
			continue;
		}

		/* calculating the indentation */
		i = 0;
		while (i < 4 && beg + i < end && data[beg + i] == ' ')
			i++;

		pre = i;

		if (rndr->ext_flags & MKDEXT_FENCED_CODE) {
			if (is_codefence(data + beg + i, end - beg - i, NULL) != 0)
				in_fence = !in_fence;
		}

		/* Only check for new list items if we are **not** inside
		 * a fenced code block */
		if (!in_fence) {
			has_next_uli = prefix_uli(data + beg + i, end - beg - i);
			has_next_oli = prefix_oli(data + beg + i, end - beg - i);
		}

		/* checking for ul/ol switch */
		if (in_empty && (
			((*flags & MKD_LIST_ORDERED) && has_next_uli) ||
			(!(*flags & MKD_LIST_ORDERED) && has_next_oli))){
			*flags |= MKD_LI_END;
			break; /* the following item must have same list type */
		}

		/* checking for a new item */
		if ((has_next_uli && !is_hrule(data + beg + i, end - beg - i)) || has_next_oli) {
			if (in_empty)
				has_inside_empty = 1;

			if (pre == orgpre) /* the following item must have */
				break;             /* the same indentation */

			if (!sublist)
				sublist = work->size;
		}
		/* joining only indented stuff after empty lines;
		 * note that now we only require 1 space of indentation
		 * to continue a list */
		else if (in_empty && pre == 0) {
			*flags |= MKD_LI_END;
			break;
		}
		else if (in_empty) {
			bufputc(work, '\n');
			has_inside_empty = 1;
		}

		in_empty = 0;

		/* adding the line without prefix into the working buffer */
		bufput(work, data + beg + i, end - beg - i);
		beg = end;
	}

	/* render of li contents */
	if (has_inside_empty)
		*flags |= MKD_LI_BLOCK;

	if (*flags & MKD_LI_BLOCK) {
		/* intermediate render of block li */
		if (sublist && sublist < work->size) {
			parse_block(inter, rndr, work->data, sublist);
			parse_block(inter, rndr, work->data + sublist, work->size - sublist);
		}
		else
			parse_block(inter, rndr, work->data, work->size);
	} else {
		/* intermediate render of inline li */
		if (sublist && sublist < work->size) {
			parse_inline(inter, rndr, work->data, sublist);
			parse_block(inter, rndr, work->data + sublist, work->size - sublist);
		}
		else
			parse_inline(inter, rndr, work->data, work->size);
	}

	/* render of li itself */
	if (rndr->cb.listitem)
		rndr->cb.listitem(ob, inter, *flags, rndr->opaque);

	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	return beg;
}


/* parse_list • parsing ordered or unordered list block */
static size_t
parse_list(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size, int flags)
{
	struct buf *work = 0;
	size_t i = 0, j;

	work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);

	while (i < size) {
		j = parse_listitem(work, rndr, data + i, size - i, &flags);
		i += j;

		if (!j || (flags & MKD_LI_END))
			break;
	}

	if (rndr->cb.list)
		rndr->cb.list(ob, work, flags, rndr->opaque);
	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
	return i;
}

/* parse_atxheader • parsing of atx-style headers */
static size_t
parse_atxheader(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t level = 0;
	size_t i, end, skip;

	while (level < size && level < 6 && data[level] == '#')
		level++;

	for (i = level; i < size && data[i] == ' '; i++);

	for (end = i; end < size && data[end] != '\n'; end++);
	skip = end;

	while (end && data[end - 1] == '#')
		end--;

	while (end && data[end - 1] == ' ')
		end--;

	if (end > i) {
		struct buf *work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

		parse_inline(work, rndr, data + i, end - i);

		if (rndr->cb.header)
			rndr->cb.header(ob, work, (int)level, rndr->opaque);

		rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	}

	return skip;
}


/* htmlblock_end • checking end of HTML block : </tag>[ \t]*\n[ \t*]\n */
/*	returns the length on match, 0 otherwise */
static size_t
htmlblock_end_tag(
	const char *tag,
	size_t tag_len,
	struct sd_markdown *rndr,
	uint8_t *data,
	size_t size)
{
	size_t i, w;

	/* checking if tag is a match */
	if (tag_len + 3 >= size ||
		strncasecmp((char *)data + 2, tag, tag_len) != 0 ||
		data[tag_len + 2] != '>')
		return 0;

	/* checking white lines */
	i = tag_len + 3;
	w = 0;
	if (i < size && (w = is_empty(data + i, size - i)) == 0)
		return 0; /* non-blank after tag */
	i += w;
	w = 0;

	if (i < size)
		w = is_empty(data + i, size - i);

	return i + w;
}

static size_t
htmlblock_end(const char *curtag,
	struct sd_markdown *rndr,
	uint8_t *data,
	size_t size,
	int start_of_line)
{
	size_t tag_size = strlen(curtag);
	size_t i = 1, end_tag;
	int block_lines = 0;

	while (i < size) {
		i++;
		while (i < size && !(data[i - 1] == '<' && data[i] == '/')) {
			if (data[i] == '\n')
				block_lines++;

			i++;
		}

		/* If we are only looking for unindented tags, skip the tag
		 * if it doesn't follow a newline.
		 *
		 * The only exception to this is if the tag is still on the
		 * initial line; in that case it still counts as a closing
		 * tag
		 */
		if (start_of_line && block_lines > 0 && data[i - 2] != '\n')
			continue;

		if (i + 2 + tag_size >= size)
			break;

		end_tag = htmlblock_end_tag(curtag, tag_size, rndr, data + i - 1, size - i + 1);
		if (end_tag)
			return i + end_tag - 1;
	}

	return 0;
}


/* parse_htmlblock • parsing of inline HTML block */
static size_t
parse_htmlblock(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size, int do_render)
{
	size_t i, j = 0, tag_end;
	const char *curtag = NULL;
	struct buf work = { data, 0, 0, 0 };

	/* identification of the opening tag */
	if (size < 2 || data[0] != '<')
		return 0;

	i = 1;
	while (i < size && data[i] != '>' && data[i] != ' ')
		i++;

	if (i < size)
		curtag = find_block_tag((char *)data + 1, (int)i - 1);

	/* handling of special cases */
	if (!curtag) {

		/* HTML comment, laxist form */
		if (size > 5 && data[1] == '!' && data[2] == '-' && data[3] == '-') {
			i = 5;

			while (i < size && !(data[i - 2] == '-' && data[i - 1] == '-' && data[i] == '>'))
				i++;

			i++;

			if (i < size)
				j = is_empty(data + i, size - i);

			if (j) {
				work.size = i + j;
				if (do_render && rndr->cb.blockhtml)
					rndr->cb.blockhtml(ob, &work, rndr->opaque);
				return work.size;
			}
		}

		/* HR, which is the only self-closing block tag considered */
		if (size > 4 && (data[1] == 'h' || data[1] == 'H') && (data[2] == 'r' || data[2] == 'R')) {
			i = 3;
			while (i < size && data[i] != '>')
				i++;

			if (i + 1 < size) {
				i++;
				j = is_empty(data + i, size - i);
				if (j) {
					work.size = i + j;
					if (do_render && rndr->cb.blockhtml)
						rndr->cb.blockhtml(ob, &work, rndr->opaque);
					return work.size;
				}
			}
		}

		/* no special case recognised */
		return 0;
	}

	/* looking for an unindented matching closing tag */
	/*	followed by a blank line */
	tag_end = htmlblock_end(curtag, rndr, data, size, 1);

	/* if not found, trying a second pass looking for indented match */
	/* but not if tag is "ins" or "del" (following original Markdown.pl) */
	if (!tag_end && strcmp(curtag, "ins") != 0 && strcmp(curtag, "del") != 0) {
		tag_end = htmlblock_end(curtag, rndr, data, size, 0);
	}

	if (!tag_end)
		return 0;

	/* the end of the block has been found */
	work.size = tag_end;
	if (do_render && rndr->cb.blockhtml)
		rndr->cb.blockhtml(ob, &work, rndr->opaque);

	return tag_end;
}

static void
parse_table_row(
	struct buf *ob,
	struct sd_markdown *rndr,
	uint8_t *data,
	size_t size,
	size_t columns,
	int *col_data,
	int header_flag)
{
	size_t i = 0, col;
	struct buf *row_work = 0;

	if (!rndr->cb.table_cell || !rndr->cb.table_row)
		return;

	row_work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

	if (i < size && data[i] == '|')
		i++;

	for (col = 0; col < columns && i < size; ++col) {
		size_t cell_start, cell_end;
		struct buf *cell_work;

		cell_work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);

		while (i < size && _isspace(data[i]))
			i++;

		cell_start = i;

		while (i < size && data[i] != '|')
			i++;

		cell_end = i - 1;

		while (cell_end > cell_start && _isspace(data[cell_end]))
			cell_end--;

		parse_inline(cell_work, rndr, data + cell_start, 1 + cell_end - cell_start);
		rndr->cb.table_cell(row_work, cell_work, col_data[col] | header_flag, rndr->opaque);

		rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
		i++;
	}

	for (; col < columns; ++col) {
		struct buf empty_cell = { 0, 0, 0, 0 };
		rndr->cb.table_cell(row_work, &empty_cell, col_data[col] | header_flag, rndr->opaque);
	}

	rndr->cb.table_row(ob, row_work, rndr->opaque);

	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
}

static size_t
parse_table_header(
	struct buf *ob,
	struct sd_markdown *rndr,
	uint8_t *data,
	size_t size,
	size_t *columns,
	int **column_data)
{
	int pipes;
	size_t i = 0, col, header_end, under_end;

	pipes = 0;
	while (i < size && data[i] != '\n')
		if (data[i++] == '|')
			pipes++;

	if (i == size || pipes == 0)
		return 0;

	header_end = i;

	while (header_end > 0 && _isspace(data[header_end - 1]))
		header_end--;

	if (data[0] == '|')
		pipes--;

	if (header_end && data[header_end - 1] == '|')
		pipes--;

	*columns = pipes + 1;
	*column_data = calloc(*columns, sizeof(int));

	/* Parse the header underline */
	i++;
	if (i < size && data[i] == '|')
		i++;

	under_end = i;
	while (under_end < size && data[under_end] != '\n')
		under_end++;

	for (col = 0; col < *columns && i < under_end; ++col) {
		size_t dashes = 0;

		while (i < under_end && data[i] == ' ')
			i++;

		if (data[i] == ':') {
			i++; (*column_data)[col] |= MKD_TABLE_ALIGN_L;
			dashes++;
		}

		while (i < under_end && data[i] == '-') {
			i++; dashes++;
		}

		if (i < under_end && data[i] == ':') {
			i++; (*column_data)[col] |= MKD_TABLE_ALIGN_R;
			dashes++;
		}

		while (i < under_end && data[i] == ' ')
			i++;

		if (i < under_end && data[i] != '|')
			break;

		if (dashes < 3)
			break;

		i++;
	}

	if (col < *columns)
		return 0;

	parse_table_row(
		ob, rndr, data,
		header_end,
		*columns,
		*column_data,
		MKD_TABLE_HEADER
	);

	return under_end + 1;
}

static size_t
parse_table(
	struct buf *ob,
	struct sd_markdown *rndr,
	uint8_t *data,
	size_t size)
{
	size_t i;

	struct buf *header_work = 0;
	struct buf *body_work = 0;

	size_t columns;
	int *col_data = NULL;

	header_work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	body_work = rndr_newbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);

	i = parse_table_header(header_work, rndr, data, size, &columns, &col_data);
	if (i > 0) {

		while (i < size) {
			size_t row_start;
			int pipes = 0;

			row_start = i;

			while (i < size && data[i] != '\n')
				if (data[i++] == '|')
					pipes++;

			if (pipes == 0 || i == size) {
				i = row_start;
				break;
			}

			parse_table_row(
				body_work,
				rndr,
				data + row_start,
				i - row_start,
				columns,
				col_data, 0
			);

			i++;
		}

		if (rndr->cb.table)
			rndr->cb.table(ob, header_work, body_work, rndr->opaque);
	}

	free(col_data);
	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_SPAN);
	rndr_popbuf(rndr, BUFFER_BLOCK);
	return i;
}

/* parse_block • parsing of one block, returning next uint8_t to parse */
static void
parse_block(struct buf *ob, struct sd_markdown *rndr, uint8_t *data, size_t size)
{
	size_t beg, end, i;
	uint8_t *txt_data;
	beg = 0;

	if (rndr->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN].size +
		rndr->work_bufs[BUFFER_BLOCK].size > rndr->max_nesting)
		return;

	while (beg < size) {
		txt_data = data + beg;
		end = size - beg;

		if (is_atxheader(rndr, txt_data, end))
			beg += parse_atxheader(ob, rndr, txt_data, end);

		else if (data[beg] == '<' && rndr->cb.blockhtml &&
				(i = parse_htmlblock(ob, rndr, txt_data, end, 1)) != 0)
			beg += i;

		else if ((i = is_empty(txt_data, end)) != 0)
			beg += i;

		else if (is_hrule(txt_data, end)) {
			if (rndr->cb.hrule)
				rndr->cb.hrule(ob, rndr->opaque);

			while (beg < size && data[beg] != '\n')
				beg++;

			beg++;
		}

		else if ((rndr->ext_flags & MKDEXT_FENCED_CODE) != 0 &&
			(i = parse_fencedcode(ob, rndr, txt_data, end)) != 0)
			beg += i;

		else if ((rndr->ext_flags & MKDEXT_TABLES) != 0 &&
			(i = parse_table(ob, rndr, txt_data, end)) != 0)
			beg += i;

		else if (prefix_quote(txt_data, end))
			beg += parse_blockquote(ob, rndr, txt_data, end);

		else if (prefix_code(txt_data, end))
			beg += parse_blockcode(ob, rndr, txt_data, end);

		else if (prefix_uli(txt_data, end))
			beg += parse_list(ob, rndr, txt_data, end, 0);

		else if (prefix_oli(txt_data, end))
			beg += parse_list(ob, rndr, txt_data, end, MKD_LIST_ORDERED);

		else
			beg += parse_paragraph(ob, rndr, txt_data, end);
	}
}



/*********************
 * REFERENCE PARSING *
 *********************/

/* is_ref • returns whether a line is a reference or not */
static int
is_ref(const uint8_t *data, size_t beg, size_t end, size_t *last, struct link_ref **refs)
{
/*	int n; */
	size_t i = 0;
	size_t id_offset, id_end;
	size_t link_offset, link_end;
	size_t title_offset, title_end;
	size_t line_end;

	/* up to 3 optional leading spaces */
	if (beg + 3 >= end) return 0;
	if (data[beg] == ' ') { i = 1;
	if (data[beg + 1] == ' ') { i = 2;
	if (data[beg + 2] == ' ') { i = 3;
	if (data[beg + 3] == ' ') return 0; } } }
	i += beg;

	/* id part: anything but a newline between brackets */
	if (data[i] != '[') return 0;
	i++;
	id_offset = i;
	while (i < end && data[i] != '\n' && data[i] != '\r' && data[i] != ']')
		i++;
	if (i >= end || data[i] != ']') return 0;
	id_end = i;

	/* spacer: colon (space | tab)* newline? (space | tab)* */
	i++;
	if (i >= end || data[i] != ':') return 0;
	i++;
	while (i < end && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < end && (data[i] == '\n' || data[i] == '\r')) {
		i++;
		if (i < end && data[i] == '\r' && data[i - 1] == '\n') i++; }
	while (i < end && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i >= end) return 0;

	/* link: whitespace-free sequence, optionally between angle brackets */
	if (data[i] == '<')
		i++;

	link_offset = i;

	while (i < end && data[i] != ' ' && data[i] != '\n' && data[i] != '\r')
		i++;

	if (data[i - 1] == '>') link_end = i - 1;
	else link_end = i;

	/* optional spacer: (space | tab)* (newline | '\'' | '"' | '(' ) */
	while (i < end && data[i] == ' ') i++;
	if (i < end && data[i] != '\n' && data[i] != '\r'
			&& data[i] != '\'' && data[i] != '"' && data[i] != '(')
		return 0;
	line_end = 0;
	/* computing end-of-line */
	if (i >= end || data[i] == '\r' || data[i] == '\n') line_end = i;
	if (i + 1 < end && data[i] == '\n' && data[i + 1] == '\r')
		line_end = i + 1;

	/* optional (space|tab)* spacer after a newline */
	if (line_end) {
		i = line_end + 1;
		while (i < end && data[i] == ' ') i++; }

	/* optional title: any non-newline sequence enclosed in '"()
					alone on its line */
	title_offset = title_end = 0;
	if (i + 1 < end
	&& (data[i] == '\'' || data[i] == '"' || data[i] == '(')) {
		i++;
		title_offset = i;
		/* looking for EOL */
		while (i < end && data[i] != '\n' && data[i] != '\r') i++;
		if (i + 1 < end && data[i] == '\n' && data[i + 1] == '\r')
			title_end = i + 1;
		else	title_end = i;
		/* stepping back */
		i -= 1;
		while (i > title_offset && data[i] == ' ')
			i -= 1;
		if (i > title_offset
		&& (data[i] == '\'' || data[i] == '"' || data[i] == ')')) {
			line_end = title_end;
			title_end = i; } }

	if (!line_end || link_end == link_offset)
		return 0; /* garbage after the link empty link */

	/* a valid ref has been found, filling-in return structures */
	if (last)
		*last = line_end;

	if (refs) {
		struct link_ref *ref;

		ref = add_link_ref(refs, data + id_offset, id_end - id_offset);
		if (!ref)
			return 0;

		ref->link = bufnew(link_end - link_offset);
		bufput(ref->link, data + link_offset, link_end - link_offset);

		if (title_end > title_offset) {
			ref->title = bufnew(title_end - title_offset);
			bufput(ref->title, data + title_offset, title_end - title_offset);
		}
	}

	return 1;
}

static void expand_tabs(struct buf *ob, const uint8_t *line, size_t size)
{
	size_t  i = 0, tab = 0;

	while (i < size) {
		size_t org = i;

		while (i < size && line[i] != '\t') {
			i++; tab++;
		}

		if (i > org)
			bufput(ob, line + org, i - org);

		if (i >= size)
			break;

		do {
			bufputc(ob, ' '); tab++;
		} while (tab % 4);

		i++;
	}
}

/**********************
 * EXPORTED FUNCTIONS *
 **********************/

struct sd_markdown *
sd_markdown_new(
	unsigned int extensions,
	size_t max_nesting,
	const struct sd_callbacks *callbacks,
	void *opaque)
{
	struct sd_markdown *md = NULL;

	assert(max_nesting > 0 && callbacks);

	md = malloc(sizeof(struct sd_markdown));
	if (!md)
		return NULL;

	memcpy(&md->cb, callbacks, sizeof(struct sd_callbacks));

	stack_init(&md->work_bufs[BUFFER_BLOCK], 4);
	stack_init(&md->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN], 8);

	memset(md->active_char, 0x0, 256);

	if (md->cb.emphasis || md->cb.double_emphasis || md->cb.triple_emphasis) {
		md->active_char['*'] = MD_CHAR_EMPHASIS;
		md->active_char['_'] = MD_CHAR_EMPHASIS;
		if (extensions & MKDEXT_STRIKETHROUGH)
			md->active_char['~'] = MD_CHAR_EMPHASIS;
	}

	if (md->cb.codespan)
		md->active_char['`'] = MD_CHAR_CODESPAN;

	if (md->cb.linebreak)
		md->active_char['\n'] = MD_CHAR_LINEBREAK;

	if (md->cb.image || md->cb.link)
		md->active_char['['] = MD_CHAR_LINK;

	md->active_char['<'] = MD_CHAR_LANGLE;
	md->active_char['\\'] = MD_CHAR_ESCAPE;
	md->active_char['&'] = MD_CHAR_ENTITITY;

	if (extensions & MKDEXT_AUTOLINK) {
		md->active_char[':'] = MD_CHAR_AUTOLINK_URL;
		md->active_char['@'] = MD_CHAR_AUTOLINK_EMAIL;
		md->active_char['w'] = MD_CHAR_AUTOLINK_WWW;
	}

	if (extensions & MKDEXT_SUPERSCRIPT)
		md->active_char['^'] = MD_CHAR_SUPERSCRIPT;

	/* Extension data */
	md->ext_flags = extensions;
	md->opaque = opaque;
	md->max_nesting = max_nesting;
	md->in_link_body = 0;

	return md;
}

void
sd_markdown_render(struct buf *ob, const uint8_t *document, size_t doc_size, struct sd_markdown *md)
{
#define MARKDOWN_GROW(x) ((x) + ((x) >> 1))
	static const char UTF8_BOM[] = {0xEF, 0xBB, 0xBF};

	struct buf *text;
	size_t beg, end;

	text = bufnew(64);
	if (!text)
		return;

	/* Preallocate enough space for our buffer to avoid expanding while copying */
	bufgrow(text, doc_size);

	/* reset the references table */
	memset(&md->refs, 0x0, REF_TABLE_SIZE * sizeof(void *));

	/* first pass: looking for references, copying everything else */
	beg = 0;

	/* Skip a possible UTF-8 BOM, even though the Unicode standard
	 * discourages having these in UTF-8 documents */
	if (doc_size >= 3 && memcmp(document, UTF8_BOM, 3) == 0)
		beg += 3;

	while (beg < doc_size) /* iterating over lines */
		if (is_ref(document, beg, doc_size, &end, md->refs))
			beg = end;
		else { /* skipping to the next line */
			end = beg;
			while (end < doc_size && document[end] != '\n' && document[end] != '\r')
				end++;

			/* adding the line body if present */
			if (end > beg)
				expand_tabs(text, document + beg, end - beg);

			while (end < doc_size && (document[end] == '\n' || document[end] == '\r')) {
				/* add one \n per newline */
				if (document[end] == '\n' || (end + 1 < doc_size && document[end + 1] != '\n'))
					bufputc(text, '\n');
				end++;
			}

			beg = end;
		}

	/* pre-grow the output buffer to minimize allocations */
	bufgrow(ob, MARKDOWN_GROW(text->size));

	/* second pass: actual rendering */
	if (md->cb.doc_header)
		md->cb.doc_header(ob, md->opaque);

	if (text->size) {
		/* adding a final newline if not already present */
		if (text->data[text->size - 1] != '\n' &&  text->data[text->size - 1] != '\r')
			bufputc(text, '\n');

		parse_block(ob, md, text->data, text->size);
	}

	if (md->cb.doc_footer)
		md->cb.doc_footer(ob, md->opaque);

	/* clean-up */
	bufrelease(text);
	free_link_refs(md->refs);

	assert(md->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN].size == 0);
	assert(md->work_bufs[BUFFER_BLOCK].size == 0);
}

void
sd_markdown_free(struct sd_markdown *md)
{
	size_t i;

	for (i = 0; i < (size_t)md->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN].asize; ++i)
		bufrelease(md->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN].item[i]);

	for (i = 0; i < (size_t)md->work_bufs[BUFFER_BLOCK].asize; ++i)
		bufrelease(md->work_bufs[BUFFER_BLOCK].item[i]);

	stack_free(&md->work_bufs[BUFFER_SPAN]);
	stack_free(&md->work_bufs[BUFFER_BLOCK]);

	free(md);
}

void
sd_version(int *ver_major, int *ver_minor, int *ver_revision)
{
	*ver_major = SUNDOWN_VER_MAJOR;
	*ver_minor = SUNDOWN_VER_MINOR;
	*ver_revision = SUNDOWN_VER_REVISION;
}

/* vim: set filetype=c: */