[flake8-use-pathlib] Implement glob (PTH207) (#5939)

Discovered that the usage of `glob.glob` is
[widespread](https://grep.app/search?current=7&q=glob.glob%28&filter%5Blang%5D%5B0%5D=Python)
when working on the previous lints for `flake8-use-pathlib`.

crates/ruff/resources/test/fixtures/flake8_use_pathlib/PTH207.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+import os
+import glob
+from glob import glob as search
+
+
+extensions_dir = "./extensions"
+
+# PTH207
+glob.glob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp"))
+list(glob.iglob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp")))
+search("*.png")

crates/ruff/src/checkers/ast/analyze/expression.rs

@@ -849,6 +849,7 @@ pub(crate) fn expression(expr: &Expr, checker: &mut Checker) {
                 Rule::OsPathGetatime,
                 Rule::OsPathGetmtime,
                 Rule::OsPathGetctime,
+                Rule::Glob,
             ]) {
                 flake8_use_pathlib::rules::replaceable_by_pathlib(checker, func);
             }

crates/ruff/src/codes.rs

@@ -760,6 +760,7 @@ pub fn code_to_rule(linter: Linter, code: &str) -> Option<(RuleGroup, Rule)> {
         (Flake8UsePathlib, "204") => (RuleGroup::Unspecified, rules::flake8_use_pathlib::rules::OsPathGetmtime),
         (Flake8UsePathlib, "205") => (RuleGroup::Unspecified, rules::flake8_use_pathlib::rules::OsPathGetctime),
         (Flake8UsePathlib, "206") => (RuleGroup::Unspecified, rules::flake8_use_pathlib::rules::OsSepSplit),
+        (Flake8UsePathlib, "207") => (RuleGroup::Unspecified, rules::flake8_use_pathlib::rules::Glob),
 
         // flake8-logging-format
         (Flake8LoggingFormat, "001") => (RuleGroup::Unspecified, rules::flake8_logging_format::violations::LoggingStringFormat),

crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_use_pathlib/mod.rs

@@ -62,6 +62,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[test_case(Rule::OsPathGetmtime, Path::new("PTH204.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::OsPathGetctime, Path::new("PTH205.py"))]
     #[test_case(Rule::OsSepSplit, Path::new("PTH206.py"))]
+    #[test_case(Rule::Glob, Path::new("PTH207.py"))]
     fn rules_pypath(rule_code: Rule, path: &Path) -> Result<()> {
         let snapshot = format!("{}_{}", rule_code.noqa_code(), path.to_string_lossy());
         let diagnostics = test_path(

crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_use_pathlib/rules/glob_rule.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+use ruff_diagnostics::Violation;
+use ruff_macros::{derive_message_formats, violation};
+
+/// ## What it does
+/// Checks for the use of `glob` and `iglob`.
+///
+/// ## Why is this bad?
+/// `pathlib` offers a high-level API for path manipulation, as compared to
+/// the lower-level API offered by `os` and `glob`.
+///
+/// When possible, using `Path` object methods such as `Path.glob()` can
+/// improve readability over their low-level counterparts (e.g.,
+/// `glob.glob()`).
+///
+/// Note that `glob.glob` and `Path.glob` are not exact equivalents:
+///
+/// |                   | `glob`                                                                                                                                                             | `Path.glob`                                                                                                                                |
+/// |-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
+/// | Hidden files      | Excludes hidden files by default. From Python 3.11 onwards, the `include_hidden` keyword can used to include hidden directories.                                   | Includes hidden files by default.                                                                                                          |
+/// | Iterator          | `iglob` returns an iterator. Under the hood, `glob` simply converts the iterator to a list.                                                                        | `Path.glob` returns an iterator.                                                                                                           |
+/// | Working directory | `glob` takes a `root_dir` keyword to set the current working directory.                                                                                            | `Path.rglob` can be used to return the relative path.                                                                                      |
+/// | Globstar (`**`)   | `glob` requires the `recursive` flag to be set to `True` for the `**` pattern to match any files and zero or more directories, subdirectories, and symbolic links. | The `**` pattern in `Path.glob` means "this directory and all subdirectories, recursively". In other words, it enables recursive globbing. |
+///
+/// ## Example
+/// ```python
+/// import glob
+/// import os
+///
+/// glob.glob(os.path.join(path, "requirements*.txt"))
+/// ```
+///
+/// Use instead:
+/// ```python
+/// from pathlib import Path
+///
+/// Path(path).glob("requirements*.txt")
+/// ```
+///
+/// ## References
+/// - [Python documentation: `Path.glob`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.glob)
+/// - [Python documentation: `Path.rglob`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/pathlib.html#pathlib.Path.rglob)
+/// - [Python documentation: `glob.glob`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/glob.html#glob.glob)
+/// - [Python documentation: `glob.iglob`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/glob.html#glob.iglob)
+#[violation]
+pub struct Glob {
+    pub function: String,
+}
+
+impl Violation for Glob {
+    #[derive_message_formats]
+    fn message(&self) -> String {
+        let Glob { function } = self;
+        format!("Replace `{function}` with `Path.glob` or `Path.rglob`")
+    }
+}

crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_use_pathlib/rules/mod.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+pub(crate) use glob_rule::*;
 pub(crate) use os_path_getatime::*;
 pub(crate) use os_path_getctime::*;
 pub(crate) use os_path_getmtime::*;
@@ -6,6 +7,7 @@ pub(crate) use os_sep_split::*;
 pub(crate) use path_constructor_current_directory::*;
 pub(crate) use replaceable_by_pathlib::*;
 
+mod glob_rule;
 mod os_path_getatime;
 mod os_path_getctime;
 mod os_path_getmtime;

crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_use_pathlib/rules/replaceable_by_pathlib.rs

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use ruff_diagnostics::{Diagnostic, DiagnosticKind};
 use crate::checkers::ast::Checker;
 use crate::registry::AsRule;
 use crate::rules::flake8_use_pathlib::rules::{
-    OsPathGetatime, OsPathGetctime, OsPathGetmtime, OsPathGetsize,
+    Glob, OsPathGetatime, OsPathGetctime, OsPathGetmtime, OsPathGetsize,
 };
 use crate::rules::flake8_use_pathlib::violations::{
     BuiltinOpen, OsChmod, OsGetcwd, OsMakedirs, OsMkdir, OsPathAbspath, OsPathBasename,
@@ -89,6 +89,19 @@ pub(crate) fn replaceable_by_pathlib(checker: &mut Checker, expr: &Expr) {
                 ["" | "builtin", "open"] => Some(BuiltinOpen.into()),
                 // PTH124
                 ["py", "path", "local"] => Some(PyPath.into()),
+                // PTH207
+                ["glob", "glob"] => Some(
+                    Glob {
+                        function: "glob".to_string(),
+                    }
+                    .into(),
+                ),
+                ["glob", "iglob"] => Some(
+                    Glob {
+                        function: "iglob".to_string(),
+                    }
+                    .into(),
+                ),
                 // PTH115
                 // Python 3.9+
                 ["os", "readlink"] if checker.settings.target_version >= PythonVersion::Py39 => {

crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_use_pathlib/snapshots/ruff__rules__flake8_use_pathlib__tests__PTH207_PTH207.py.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+---
+source: crates/ruff/src/rules/flake8_use_pathlib/mod.rs
+---
+PTH207.py:9:1: PTH207 Replace `glob` with `Path.glob` or `Path.rglob`
+   |
+ 8 | # PTH207
+ 9 | glob.glob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp"))
+   | ^^^^^^^^^ PTH207
+10 | list(glob.iglob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp")))
+11 | search("*.png")
+   |
+
+PTH207.py:10:6: PTH207 Replace `iglob` with `Path.glob` or `Path.rglob`
+   |
+ 8 | # PTH207
+ 9 | glob.glob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp"))
+10 | list(glob.iglob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp")))
+   |      ^^^^^^^^^^ PTH207
+11 | search("*.png")
+   |
+
+PTH207.py:11:1: PTH207 Replace `glob` with `Path.glob` or `Path.rglob`
+   |
+ 9 | glob.glob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp"))
+10 | list(glob.iglob(os.path.join(extensions_dir, "ops", "autograd", "*.cpp")))
+11 | search("*.png")
+   | ^^^^^^ PTH207
+   |
+
+