chore(msk-alpha): update KafkaVersion (#29440)

### Issue # (if applicable)

Could not find any in the backlog

### Reason for this change

Update the CDK listed Kafka versions to match the current availability,
as well as add missing deprecated versions

### Description of changes

* Added latest version
* `3.6.0` also supports tiered storage, see
[docs](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/msk/latest/developerguide/msk-tiered-storage.html#msk-tiered-storage-requirements).
I replaced the prefix check with a list of supported versions, as I'm
not sure if say every reason after 3.6.0 will support it, and the
`.tiered` prefix isn't consistently applied anymore
* Added two unlisted, deprecated versions, as they are still returned by
the SDK. The goal is to remove any differences between the SDK and the
CDK to ease future automation

### Description of how you validated changes

I compared the current CDK versions to live SDK data, using the
`kafka:ListKafkaVersions` API results.

### Checklist
- [x] My code adheres to the [CONTRIBUTING
GUIDE](https://github.com/aws/aws-cdk/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) and
[DESIGN
GUIDELINES](https://github.com/aws/aws-cdk/blob/main/docs/DESIGN_GUIDELINES.md)

----

*By submitting this pull request, I confirm that my contribution is made
under the terms of the Apache-2.0 license*

---------

Co-authored-by: GZ <yuanhaoz@amazon.com>

packages/@aws-cdk/aws-msk-alpha/README.md

@@ -217,15 +217,16 @@ You can configure an MSK cluster storage mode using the `storageMode` property.
 Tiered storage is a low-cost storage tier for Amazon MSK that scales to virtually unlimited storage,
 making it cost-effective to build streaming data applications.
 
-> Visit [Tiered storage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/msk/latest/developerguide/msk-tiered-storage.html) for more details.
+> Visit [Tiered storage](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/msk/latest/developerguide/msk-tiered-storage.html)
+to see the list of compatible Kafka versions and for more details.
 
 ```ts
 declare const vpc: ec2.Vpc;
 declare const bucket: s3.IBucket;
 
 const cluster = new msk.Cluster(this, 'cluster', {
   clusterName: 'myCluster',
-  kafkaVersion: msk.KafkaVersion.V2_8_2_TIERED,
+  kafkaVersion: msk.KafkaVersion.V3_6_0,
   vpc,
   storageMode: msk.StorageMode.TIERED,
 });

packages/@aws-cdk/aws-msk-alpha/lib/cluster-version.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,15 @@ export class KafkaVersion {
    */
   public static readonly V1_1_1 = KafkaVersion.of('1.1.1');
 
+  /**
+   * **Deprecated by Amazon MSK. You can't create a Kafka cluster with a deprecated version.**
+   *
+   * Kafka version 2.1.0
+   *
+   * @deprecated use the latest runtime instead
+   */
+  public static readonly V2_1_0 = KafkaVersion.of('2.1.0');
+
   /**
    * Kafka version 2.2.1
    */
@@ -21,6 +30,15 @@ export class KafkaVersion {
    */
   public static readonly V2_3_1 = KafkaVersion.of('2.3.1');
 
+  /**
+   * **Deprecated by Amazon MSK. You can't create a Kafka cluster with a deprecated version.**
+   *
+   * Kafka version 2.4.1
+   *
+   * @deprecated use the latest runtime instead
+   */
+  public static readonly V2_4_1 = KafkaVersion.of('2.4.1');
+
   /**
    * Kafka version 2.4.1
    */
@@ -111,6 +129,11 @@ export class KafkaVersion {
    */
   public static readonly V3_5_1 = KafkaVersion.of('3.5.1');
 
+  /**
+   * Kafka version 3.6.0
+   */
+  public static readonly V3_6_0 = KafkaVersion.of('3.6.0');
+
   /**
    * Custom cluster version
    * @param version custom version number
@@ -119,6 +142,16 @@ export class KafkaVersion {
     return new KafkaVersion(version);
   }
 
+  /**
+   * List of Kafka versions that support tiered storage
+   *
+   * @see https://docs.aws.amazon.com/msk/latest/developerguide/msk-tiered-storage.html#msk-tiered-storage-requirements
+   */
+  private static readonly TIERED_STORAGE_COMPATIBLE_VERSIONS = [
+    KafkaVersion.V2_8_2_TIERED,
+    KafkaVersion.V3_6_0,
+  ].map(({ version }) => version);
+
   /**
    *
    * @param version cluster version number
@@ -129,6 +162,6 @@ export class KafkaVersion {
    * Checks if the cluster version supports tiered storage mode.
    */
   public isTieredStorageCompatible() {
-    return this.version.endsWith('.tiered');
+    return KafkaVersion.TIERED_STORAGE_COMPATIBLE_VERSIONS.includes(this.version);
   };
 }

packages/@aws-cdk/aws-msk-alpha/test/cluster.test.ts

@@ -790,14 +790,20 @@ describe('MSK Cluster', () => {
 
   describe('created with storage mode', () => {
     describe('with tiered storage mode', () => {
+      test('version.isTieredStorageCompatible', () => {
+        expect(msk.KafkaVersion.V2_8_2_TIERED.isTieredStorageCompatible()).toBeTruthy();
+        expect(msk.KafkaVersion.V3_5_1.isTieredStorageCompatible()).toBeFalsy();
+        expect(msk.KafkaVersion.V3_6_0.isTieredStorageCompatible()).toBeTruthy();
+      });
+
       test('create a cluster with tiered storage mode', () => {
         new msk.Cluster(stack, 'Cluster', {
           clusterName: 'cluster',
           instanceType: ec2.InstanceType.of(ec2.InstanceClass.M5, ec2.InstanceSize.LARGE),
           kafkaVersion: msk.KafkaVersion.V2_8_2_TIERED,
           vpc,
           storageMode: msk.StorageMode.TIERED,
-        }),
+        });
         Template.fromStack(stack).hasResourceProperties('AWS::MSK::Cluster', {
           StorageMode: 'TIERED',
         });