[DX] Add settings/page for contextual links settings

[bugfolder]

This issue is in response to this comment (also here).

The basic idea is to add a extensible settings page for contextual links (e.g., modifiable via hook_form_FORM_ID_alter()) that provide a place to turn on/off and/or modify different aspects of Contextual Links.

A suggested place would be admin/config/administration/contextual-links, which seems to fit, and would also help provide a reason for admin/config/administration to have a submenu (currently there's only one submenu item, admin/config/administration/admin-bar).

An example use case—which also creates the setting page—is PR backdrop/backdrop#3790, which creates layout and theme-related contextual links, in response to #2626. (At this point, it's looking like a different PR that doesn't create contextual links will solve that issue, but this is an example of the type of setting that would belong there.)

It would also be a good home for the settings in Layout Contextual Links module (which is the contrib version of PR backdrop/backdrop#3790).

Other possible use cases that have been mentioned in discussions include finer-grained controls on which contextual links to display, to allow site-builders to turn on/off contextual links selectively, or to optionally add additional information to contextual links (e.g., the title of the thing being linked to).

At this point (assuming that PR backdrop/backdrop#3790 doesn't go forward), there's not yet a specific proposal for something to include in this settings page, but adding the issue here (per @BWPanda's comment) so that it doesn't get lost, and perhaps future proposals of modifications to contextual links that need their own settings can extend or link to this issue and resurrect the concept.

[klonos]

Contextual links are a separate module, so they can be turned on/off site-wide by enabling/disabling the module. The module also provides a "Use contextual links" permission, so site admins have a way to control for which users the links should be available. What we don't have is:

• a way to exclude/include paths where contextual links should/shouldn't be shown.
• a way to enable/disable specific type(s) of contextual links (implementations of hook_contextual_links_view_alter() or menu items that specify 'context' => MENU_CONTEXT_INLINE I guess).

The above are the only things that I could think of that could be settings provided by core.