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Merge pull request #927 from ajdapretnar/doc-links
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Documentation converted from .md to .rst + internal links added.
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markotoplak committed Dec 15, 2015
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Classification Tree
===================

.. figure:: icons/classification-tree.png

Classification Tree

Signals
-------

**Inputs**:

- **Data**

Data set

- **Preprocessor**

Preprocessed data.

**Outputs**:

- **Learner**

The classification tree learning algorithm with settings as specified in
the dialog.

- **Classification Tree**

Trained classifier (a subtype of Classifier). Signal *Classification
Tree* sends data only if the learning data (signal **Classified Data**)
is present.

Description
-----------

.. figure:: images/ClassificationTree-stamped.png

1. Learner can be given a name under which it will appear in other
widgets. The default name is “Classification Tree”.

2. In *Feature selection* you can choose a measure for split selection:

- `Entropy <http://www.saedsayad.com/decision_tree.htm>`__
(measure of homogeneity)
- `Gini
index <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gini_coefficient>`__
(measure of dispersion)

3. *Pruning* criteria:

- **Minimal instances in leaves**; if checked, the algorithm will
never construct a split which would put less than the specified
number of training examples into any of the branches.
- **Stop splitting nodes with less instances than** forbids the
algorithm to split the nodes with less than the given number of
instances.
- **Limit the depth** of the classification tree.

4. After changing the settings, you need to click *Apply*, which will
put the new learner in the output and, if the training examples are
given, construct a new classifier and output it as well.

Examples
--------

There are two typical uses for this widget. First, you may want to
induce the model and check what it looks like. You do it with the schema
below; to learn more about it, see the documentation on
:doc:`Classification Tree Viewer <\classificationtreeviewer>`.

.. figure:: images/ClassificationTreeViewer-SimpleSchema.png

The second schema checks the accuracy of the algorithm.

.. figure:: images/ClassificationTreeViewer-Interaction.png

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Classification Tree Viewer
==========================

.. figure:: icons/classification-tree-viewer.png

Visualization of classification tree.

Signals
-------

**Inputs**:

- **Classification Tree**

Classification tree.

**Outputs**:

- **Data**

Data from the selected tree node.

Description
-----------

This is a versatile widget with 2-D visualization of a `classification
tree`_. The user can select a node, instructing the widget to output the
data associated with the node thus enabling explorative data analysis.

.. figure:: images/ClassificationTreeViewer-stamped.png

1. Information on the input.

2. Set the zoom and define the tree width. Nodes display information
bubble when hovering over them.

3. Edges between nodes in the tree graph are drawn based on the selected
edge width.

- All the edges will be of equal width if *Fixed* is chosen.
- When *Relative to root* is selected, the width of the edge will
correspond to the proportion of instances in the corresponding
node with respect to all the instances in the training data. Under
this selection the edge will get thinner and thinner when
traversing toward the bottom of the tree.
- *Relative to parent* makes the edge width correspond to proportion
of instances in the nodes with respect to the instances in their
parent node.

4. Nodes box defines the target class, which you can change based on
classes in the data. You can also set the color scheme in *Set
Colors*.

5. Press *Save Graph* to save the classification tree graph as a file.

Examples
--------

Below is a simple schema where we have read the data, constructed the
classification tree and viewed it in our tree viewer. If both the viewer
and :doc:`Classification Tree<../classify/classificationtree>` are open, any run of tree induction
algorithm will immediately affect the visualization. You can thus use
this combination to explore how parameters of the induction algorithm
influence the structure of the resulting tree.

.. figure:: images/ClassificationTreeViewer-SimpleSchema.png

Clicking on any node will output the related data instances. This is
explored in the schema below that shows the subset in the data table and
in the :doc:`Scatterplot<../visualize/scatterplot>`. Make sure that the tree data is
passed as a data subset; this can be done by connecting the
:doc:`Scatterplot<../visualize/scatterplot>` to the :doc:`File<../data/file>` widget first, and connecting it to the
**Tree Viewer** widget next.

.. figure:: images/ClassificationTreeViewer-Interaction.png


.. _classification tree: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_tree_learning
.. _scatterplot: /widgets/visualize/scatterplot.html

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