providers: refactor capture_logs_from_instance()

[mr-cal]

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Refactor capture_logs_from_instance():

• Use new craft-providers call temporarily_pull_file()
• Move method to snapcraft/providers/providers.py

Similar to rockcraft

(CRAFT-1307)

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #3935 (554336f) into main (f6abc2e) will increase coverage by 0.09%.
The diff coverage is 33.33%.

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #3935      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.07%   91.17%   +0.09%     
==========================================
  Files          60       59       -1     
  Lines        4134     4123      -11     
==========================================
- Hits         3765     3759       -6     
+ Misses        369      364       -5     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
snapcraft/parts/lifecycle.py	88.71% <ø> (-0.05%)	⬇️
snapcraft/providers/providers.py	78.37% <33.33%> (-21.63%)	⬇️

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