Documentation website

[emlai]

Closes #1492. Adds a website that is auto-generated from the markdown files in the repo, using Docusaurus. This will make it easier to browse the docs, by adding a navigation sidebar as well as a table-of-contents sidebar, mobile support, and other things. The site can be autodeployed to https://carbon-language.github.io/ (or to a custom domain using a CNAME file), and is currently configured accordingly (deployment instructions in website/README.md).

• The front page is generated from the repository root readme.
• The top navigation items Design, Project, Guides, and Spec corresponds to the respective directories under docs/.
• Footer has links to GitHub repo, Discord, and Code of Conduct.

Preview: https://emlai.github.io/

To do:

• Render mermaid diagrams.
• Before or after merging, for someone with admin access to the organization: Create carbon-language.github.io repo, enable GitHub Pages for it, and configure deploy keys (instructions). You can ping me (emlai#9471) on Discord if you need help.

Follow-up improvements (non-blocking tasks that are not necessary for merging this PR):

• Mention in docs that they get auto-deployed to the website when a change is pushed to trunk.
• Add site-wide search such as Algolia which will scrape the site and host the search index in their own database. Requires that the site is deployed first before setting up.
• Fix broken links and enable Docusaurus link validation (src), blocked by Docusaurus issue: Relative markdown links broken facebook/docusaurus#7829
• Fix description meta tags, currently <!--: <meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="<!--">

How to test

Go to https://emlai.github.io/ and check that links, navigation, etc. works, and everything looks ok.

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[nomandhoni-cs]

@emlai,
How can I contribute to the Documentation Website?

What if, we use the CppNorth video as iframe in the website instead of using the video link?

[emlai]

@nomandhoni-cs Hi! You can contribute by making a PR to this branch in my fork. We can sync on the Carbon Discord, I'm emlai#9471 there.

As for converting youtube links into embeds in the markdown, it should be possible using remark plugins such as https://github.com/agentofuser/remark-oembed.

[jonmeow]

Depends on #1492

[zygoloid]

This is looking really promising!

It looks like mermaid diagrams aren't being rendered by this documentation generation pipeline: for example, the precedence diagram at https://emlai.github.io/docs/design/expressions/ is rendered as text. It looks like there's an external implementation of mermaid rendering for docusaurus available already, and native support coming soon.

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