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Anserini Regressions: TREC 2020 Deep Learning Track (Passage)

Models: bag-of-words approaches with WordPiece tokenization provided by HuggingFace Tokenizer Integration

This page describes baseline experiments, integrated into Anserini's regression testing framework, on the TREC 2020 Deep Learning Track passage ranking task. Here we are using WordPiece tokenization (i.e., from BERT). In general, effectiveness is lower than with "standard" Lucene tokenization for two reasons: (1) we're losing stemming, and (2) some terms are chopped into less meaningful subwords.

Note that the NIST relevance judgments provide far more relevant passages per topic, unlike the "sparse" judgments provided by Microsoft (these are sometimes called "dense" judgments to emphasize this contrast). For additional instructions on working with MS MARCO passage collection, refer to this page.

The exact configurations for these regressions are stored in this YAML file. Note that this page is automatically generated from this template as part of Anserini's regression pipeline, so do not modify this page directly; modify the template instead.

From one of our Waterloo servers (e.g., orca), the following command will perform the complete regression, end to end:

python src/main/python/run_regression.py --index --verify --search --regression dl20-passage.wp-hgf

Indexing

Typical indexing command:

bin/run.sh io.anserini.index.IndexCollection \
  -collection JsonCollection \
  -input /path/to/msmarco-passage \
  -generator DefaultLuceneDocumentGenerator \
  -index indexes/lucene-inverted.msmarco-v1-passage.wp-hgf/ \
  -threads 9 -storePositions -storeDocvectors -storeRaw -analyzeWithHuggingFaceTokenizer bert-base-uncased \
  >& logs/log.msmarco-passage &

The directory /path/to/msmarco-passage-wp/ should be a directory containing the corpus in Anserini's jsonl format.

For additional details, see explanation of common indexing options.

Retrieval

Topics and qrels are stored here, which is linked to the Anserini repo as a submodule. The regression experiments here evaluate on the 54 topics for which NIST has provided judgments as part of the TREC 2020 Deep Learning Track. The original data can be found here.

After indexing has completed, you should be able to perform retrieval as follows:

bin/run.sh io.anserini.search.SearchCollection \
  -index indexes/lucene-inverted.msmarco-v1-passage.wp-hgf/ \
  -topics tools/topics-and-qrels/topics.dl20.txt \
  -topicReader TsvInt \
  -output runs/run.msmarco-passage.bm25-default.topics.dl20.txt \
  -bm25 -analyzeWithHuggingFaceTokenizer bert-base-uncased &

Evaluation can be performed using trec_eval:

bin/trec_eval -m map -c -l 2 tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl20-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage.bm25-default.topics.dl20.txt
bin/trec_eval -m ndcg_cut.10 -c tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl20-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage.bm25-default.topics.dl20.txt
bin/trec_eval -m recall.100 -c -l 2 tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl20-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage.bm25-default.topics.dl20.txt
bin/trec_eval -m recall.1000 -c -l 2 tools/topics-and-qrels/qrels.dl20-passage.txt runs/run.msmarco-passage.bm25-default.topics.dl20.txt

Effectiveness

With the above commands, you should be able to reproduce the following results:

AP@1000 BM25 (default)
DL20 (Passage) 0.2606
nDCG@10 BM25 (default)
DL20 (Passage) 0.4680
R@100 BM25 (default)
DL20 (Passage) 0.5222
R@1000 BM25 (default)
DL20 (Passage) 0.7633

❗ Retrieval metrics here are computed to depth 1000 hits per query (as opposed to 100 hits per query for document ranking). For computing nDCG, remember that we keep qrels of all relevance grades, whereas for other metrics (e.g., AP), relevance grade 1 is considered not relevant (i.e., use the -l 2 option in trec_eval). The experimental results reported here are directly comparable to the results reported in the track overview paper.

Reproduction Log*

To add to this reproduction log, modify this template and run bin/build.sh to rebuild the documentation.