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play.py
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play.py
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'''
Usage:
python play.py [duration of playtime as float]
'''
# Algorithmic Classical Music Generator (Main Program)
import numpy as np
import pandas
from midiutil.MidiFile3 import MIDIFile
import pygame
import random
import argparse
class harmony:
''' Harmony Class
Stores information about the (MIDI) notes in the input label
Args:
label: Integer of the current harmonic label (ranges from
0 to 143)
roots: Dictionary of roots and corresponding MIDI numbers mod 12
Keys: Roots as strings; Ex: 'C_M'
Values: MIDI number mod 12 of root
reverse_labels: Dictionary of MIDI numbers mod 12 and
corresponding roots
Keys: MIDI number mod 12
Values: Roots as strings; Ex: 'C_M'
'''
def __init__(self,label,roots,reverse_labels):
self.reverse_labels = reverse_labels
# Using reverse_labels, convert input integer label to
# corresponding string label
self.label = list(reverse_labels[label])
self.lenlabel = len(self.label)
self.roots = roots
# Extract the root from the string label
self.root = self.label[0]+self.label[1]
self.root = self.roots[self.root]
# Extract the quality from the string label
self.quality = self.label[2]
# Assign values to self.third and self.fifth
# according to the quality
if self.quality == 'M':
self.third = self.root + 4
self.fifth = self.root + 7
elif self.quality == 'm':
self.third = self.root + 3
self.fifth = self.root + 7
else:
self.third = self.root + 3
self.fifth = self.root + 6
# If the label indicates a seventh chord, assign
# a value to self.add for the corresponding
# MIDI note mod 12
if self.lenlabel == 4 and self.label[3] == '7':
self.add = self.root + 10
# For the albertibass method, assign self.add
# to self.fifth if not a seventh chord
else:
self.add = self.fifth
class composition:
''' Composition Class
Used to algorithmically generate harmonic progressions based off
the input transition probability matrix, in addition to rhythms
and melodies in the classical style and play the resulting
compositions
Args:
roots: Dictionary of roots and corresponding MIDI numbers mod 12
Keys: Roots as strings; Ex: 'C_M'
Values: MIDI number mod 12 of root
labels: Dictionary of harmonies and corresponding integer labels
Keys: Harmonies as strings, Ex: 'C_M'
Values: Corresponding (arbitrary) integer label
ranging from 0 to 143
trans_mat: Transition probability matrix dictionary
Keys: Initial States
Values: Dictionaries
Keys: Final States
Values: Probability of transitioning from the
initial states to final states
duration: User-input desired duration of composition as float
in minutes; Ex: 5.5 (5 and a half minutes)
'''
def __init__(self,roots,labels,trans_mat,duration):
# Divide input duration by 2 because play method assigns each harmonic
# label a time duration of 2.0 seconds to construct the composition
# (i.e. each harmony lasts for 2 seconds)
if isinstance(duration,float):
self.duration = duration / 2
else:
raise ValueError()
# self.time1 and self.time2 used by play method
self.time1 = 0
self.time2 = 0
self.trans_mat = trans_mat
self.labels = labels
self.reverse_labels = {y:x for x,y in labels.items()}
self.roots = roots
# Randomly choose a tonic from the available keys and from major ('M') or
# minor ('m')
temp = random.choice([ii for ii in self.roots.keys()])+random.choice(['M','m'])
# Assign the corresponding integer label to the randomly chosen string label
self.tonic = self.labels[temp]
# Assign MIDI notes mod 12 to the self.scale variable (indicating the scale
# for the composition) based on the quality
if temp[2] == 'M':
self.scale = [0,2,4,5,7,9,11]
else:
self.scale = [0,2,3,5,7,8,10]
# Assign a random tempo
self.tempo = random.randint(50,80)
# Total number of beats in composition
self.totalbeats = self.tempo * self.duration
# Holds the harmonic progressions for the entire composition
self.compprog = []
# Indicates whether to continue adding progressions
self.boolean = True
def progressionf(self):
''' Progressionf Method
Algorithmically generates harmonic progressions using the
initial, randomly-assigned tonic and input transition
probability matrix
Returns:
progression: 1-D Array of integer harmonic labels for
the algorithmically-generated harmonic
progression
Shape: [n_labels]
'''
eps = np.finfo(np.float).eps
progression = []
progression.append(self.tonic)
flag = 0
index = 0
# Using the tonic as the first harmonic label in the progression,
# use the transition probability matrix and np.random.choice
# to select the next harmonic label in the progression
while flag == 0:
p = [ii for ii in self.trans_mat[progression[index]].values()]
# Convert values of eps in the matrix to 0.0
for ii in range(len(p)):
if p[ii] <= eps:
p[ii] = 0.0
progression.append(np.random.choice(144,1,p=p)[0])
index += 1
# End the progresion when the tonic is returned to
if progression[index] == self.tonic:
flag = 1
return progression
def albertibass(self,harmony,octave):
''' Albertibass Method
Generates the MIDI notes to be used in the piano left hand alberti
bass line accompanying the current melody
Args:
harmony: Harmony class object
octave: Integer indicating the desired octave for the generated
MIDI notes; Ex: 5 (5th octave)
Returns:
chordList: 1-D Array of MIDI note numbers as ints to be used for
the piano left hand part
Shape: [n_notes=4]
'''
chordlist = []
# The alberti bass consists of a root, fifth, third, fifth pattern
# However, if the harmony is a seventh chord, replace the fifth with
# the seventh
chordlist.extend([harmony.root+(12*octave),
harmony.add+(12*octave),
harmony.third+(12*octave),
harmony.add+(12*octave)])
return chordlist
def rhythmgen(self,progression):
''' Rhythmgen Method
Generates the rhythm of the melody notes accompanying the current
harmony
Args:
progression: 1-D Array of integer harmonic labels
Shape: [n_labels]
Returns:
rhythmList: 1-D Array of rhythm duration values as floats to
be used by the melody
Shape: [n_notes]
'''
progression = progression
# Possible rhythm duration values
rhythms = [2.0,1.0,0.5,0.25,1.5]
rhythmlist = []
rhythmsublist = []
rhythmsum = 0.0
# For each harmony, randomly choose values from the rhythms list
# until the duration equals 2.0 and add these duration values to
# rhythmsublist. Once the duration equals 2.0, add rhythmsublist
# to rhythmlist, initialize rhythmsublist to the empty array and
# repeat
for n in progression:
while(rhythmsum < 2.0):
index = random.randint(0,4)
if rhythmsum + rhythms[index] <= 2.0:
rhythmsublist.append(rhythms[index])
rhythmsum += rhythms[index]
rhythmsum = 0.0
rhythmlist.append(rhythmsublist)
rhythmsublist = []
return rhythmlist
def melodygen(self,progression,rhythmlist,scale,octave):
''' Melodygen Method
Generates the notes of the melody accompanying the current
harmony
Args:
progression: 1-D Array of integer harmonic labels
Shape: [n_labels]
rhythmList: 1-D Array of rhythm duration values as floats
Shape: [n_notes]
scale: 1-D Array of MIDI notes mod 12 in the current tonic's
scale
Shape: [n_notes=7]
octave: Integer indicating the desired octave for the generated
MIDI notes; Ex: 5 (5th octave)
Returns:
melodyList: 1-D Array of melody MIDI note numbers as ints
Shape: [n_notes]
'''
rhythmlist = rhythmlist
progression = progression
scale = scale
scalelist = []
# Create a list of possible notes to be used by the melody using the
# scale of the composition
for n in scale:
octaven1 = n + (12*octave)
octaven2 = n + (12*(octave-1))
octaven3 = n + (12*(octave+1))
scalelist.extend([octaven1,octaven2,octaven3])
# List holding the melody MIDI notes of the composition
melodylist = []
length = len(progression)
for m in range(length):
harmonylist = []
# For every harmony, find the corresponding notes using the
# harmony class and add those notes to harmonylist
chord = harmony(progression[m],self.roots,self.reverse_labels)
temp = list(set([chord.root+(12*octave),chord.third+(12*octave),chord.fifth+(12*octave),chord.add+(12*octave)]))
harmonylist.extend(temp)
# For every duration value in rhythmlist, assign a melody MIDI note
for p in rhythmlist[m]:
if len(rhythmlist[m]) == 1 or len(melodylist) == 0:
# Randomly choose a note from harmonylist
melodylist.append(random.choice(harmonylist))
else:
if (melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] - 1) in harmonylist:
melodylist.append(melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] - 1)
elif (melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] + 1) in harmonylist:
melodylist.append(melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] + 1)
else:
if (random.randint(0,3) == 0):
melodylist.append(random.choice(harmonylist))
elif (random.randint(0,3) == 1):
if (melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] - 2) in harmonylist:
melodylist.append(melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] - 2)
elif (melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] + 2) in harmonylist:
melodylist.append(melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1] + 2)
else:
melodylist.append(random.choice(harmonylist))
else:
# Add notes that could be outside the scale, but encourage
# notes that are one or two steps away from the previous
# note to encourage step-wise up and down motion
testtone = melodylist[len(melodylist) - 1]
ncth = testtone + 1
nctl = testtone - 1
ncthh = testtone + 2
nctll = testtone - 2
if ncth in scalelist:
melodylist.append(ncth)
elif nctl in scalelist:
melodylist.append(nctl)
elif ncthh in scalelist:
melodylist.append(ncthh)
elif nctll in scalelist:
melodylist.append(nctll)
else:
melodylist.append(testtone)
return melodylist
def play(self):
''' Play Method
Generates the MIDI tracks necessary to play the composition
Plays the composition using pygame module
'''
# Create two MIDI tracks
midi = MIDIFile(2)
# Piano right hand track
track = 0
time = 0
midi.addTrackName(track,time,"Piano Right Hand")
midi.addTempo(track,time,self.tempo)
track = 1
midi.addTrackName(track,time,"Piano Left Hand")
midi.addTempo(track,time,self.tempo)
while(self.boolean):
# Create new progressions as long as self.boolean is True
progression = self.progressionf()
proglength = len(progression)
flag = 0
# If the length of the progression is greater than self.totalbeats,
# the composition will last longer than the user-input duration
# Therefore, try 10 more times to generate a progression shorter
# than self.totalbeats.
while self.totalbeats <= proglength:
progression = self.progressionf()
proglength = len(progression)
flag += 1
if flag == 10:
break
# If the length of the progression is suitable, add it to self.compprog
if self.totalbeats >= proglength:
self.compprog.extend(progression)
# Subtract length of progression from self.totalbeats (so that
# self.totalbeats keeps track of number of beats left in the
# composition)
self.totalbeats -= proglength
track = 0
channel = 0
volume = 100
# Create rhythmlist
temprlist = self.rhythmgen(progression)
rhythmlist = []
for r in temprlist:
for el in r:
rhythmlist.append(el)
# Create melodylist using rhythmlist
melodylist = self.melodygen(progression,temprlist,self.scale,5)
rllength = len(rhythmlist)
# Add each note to the piano right hand track
for n in range(rllength):
pitch = melodylist[n]
duration = rhythmlist[n]
midi.addNote(track,channel,pitch,self.time1,duration,volume)
self.time1 += rhythmlist[n]
# If program fails to generate a progression shorter than self.totalbeats,
# add the tonic to self.compprog and end the composition
else:
self.compprog.append(self.tonic)
self.boolean = False
# Piano left hand track
track = 1
channel = 0
duration = 0.25
volume = 80
# For every harmony in self.compprog, add the alberti bass line
for n in range(len(self.compprog)):
a = self.albertibass(harmony(self.compprog[n],self.roots,self.reverse_labels),4)
if n == len(self.compprog) - 1:
pitch = a[0]
duration = 0.5
midi.addNote(track,channel,pitch,self.time2,duration,volume)
else:
for iter in range(2):
for tone in range(4):
pitch = a[tone]
midi.addNote(track,channel,pitch,self.time2,
duration,volume)
self.time2 += 0.25
# Write a midi file
file = "composition.mid"
with open(file,'wb') as binfile:
midi.writeFile(binfile)
# Play the midi file using pygame
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
pygame.mixer.music.load(file)
pygame.mixer.music.play()
while pygame.mixer.music.get_busy():
pygame.time.Clock().tick(10)
# Argparse takes in the duration of playtime desired by user as float
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('duration', type = float, help = 'duration of composition')
args = parser.parse_args()
# Read in the roots, labels, and trans_mat dictionaries generated
# by the hmm_trans_emission.py program
roots_df = pandas.read_csv('roots.csv')
roots = roots_df.to_dict(orient='records')
roots = roots[0]
labels_df = pandas.read_csv('labels.csv')
labels = labels_df.to_dict(orient='records')
labels = labels[0]
trans_mat_df = pandas.read_csv('trans_mat.csv')
trans_mat = trans_mat_df.to_dict()
trans_mat = {int(key):trans_mat[key] for key in trans_mat}
c = composition(roots,labels,trans_mat,args.duration)
c.play()