brew whence is an external command to Homebrew.
It lets you look up the Homebrew formula from where you got an executable.
With brew whence installed, run:
$ brew whence 7z mvn zdb
And you get:
Executable Comes from
========== ==========
/usr/local/bin/7z → p7zip 16.02
/usr/local/bin/mvn → maven 3.6.3
/usr/local/bin/zdb (not a link)
The -H or --no-headers option will print the output in a machine-readable form (tab-separated, no headers):
$ brew whence -H 7z mvn zdb
7z A p7zip 16.02 /usr/local/bin/7z
mvn A maven 3.6.3 /usr/local/bin/mvn
zdb N /usr/local/bin/zdb
To install the brew whence command, run:
$ brew tap claui/whence
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