Some clang-tidy fixes

[rschu1ze]

As per #60733, clang-tidy 17 is now the minimum, we can use YAML list syntax in .clang-tidy (string syntax will be deprecated at some point, https://reviews.llvm.org/D147876).

EDIT: Also fixes or suppresses clang-tidy warnings in headers.
EDIT EDIT: also changes #pragma GCC diagnostic to #pragma clang diagnostic.

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[robot-ch-test-poll4]

This is an automated comment for commit 3486b4a with description of existing statuses. It's updated for the latest CI running

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Successful checks

Check name	Description	Status
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Check name	Description	Status
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